Show J. J dill HI fi L. L D. D S S. Schools oi of Tod Today l- l L aL a cot Lb Pion Pioneers er of Utah Ut iJ T. T I. I By Levi Edgar Young I II If I Department of or American H n University of Utah f I t I With aching hands and bleeding H feet We dig and heap lay stone on stone We We e bear the burden and the heat I. I Of oi that long day and wish I done Not till the hours of light return All Ali we have built do we discern I Matthew Arnold BIG D IG in purpose was WIS the march of I I the Mormon pioneers to the west One of the dramatic and tragic e move move- of America it m ments in the tho history has resulted in a commonwealth that I lakes t kes its place industrially socially and nd intellectually among the foremost states of the Union IThe Tho history of Utah is a a. story tory of good d homes where parents have been just temperate and kind and where tho ho children have been taught to create ere cre ate tc a n healthy mora moral outlook on life Mormon pioneers 1 Religion to the was was ras a constructive force directing II I them in their work and affiliating itSelf it it- Self elf with tho the material matei-ial pursuits of life lifer r as well as all the social forces in their history Utah's industrial development develop develop- tent ment also presents a n. great object lesson les Ics Ics- I. I San son of thrift and int integrity to the soul p i and nd d as os a a. result a high typo of demotic society has been developed a social Condition wherein people direct their i spiritual lives and minds to the same religious civic chic intellectual and moral ideals I f In th the spring o of ISH 1847 Winter Qu Quarters rt r- r I t rs on the tile Missouri river was was astir 1 with tho the preparations of or the first corn corn- corn com jany of lr emigrants to the thc far west vest hun Young y was ys s at the head of or his hil I 1 I. I people and with a n. picked company compan of ot ii men three women anti and two 1111 i I j dren he hc loft left Winder Win Quarters In April K c to lo locate to lands landa fur for their thuir now 1 lioI huu LOU lio I i rl haJn Young Youns- was a a. l. l natural loader leader Ot men mon au and a 3 constructor of or an Idoll social ocial life Gre Great Groat t per personal onal force toree M sincere Incero fearless anti anil with firm trust In oJ he was great in the tho perfect fit fit- ll- ll I fi ting ns- ns and powerful uso use of ot practical means ean to practical ends His Ills com corn com pany l any was as Joll organized It was as as n a democracy for tor all tho people unTer un- un Ter his direction understood law and order and were obedient to them g Every thing o of importance was voted pon upon in a meeting of oC tho the entire com com- 0 panh-cL panh pany l. an a loll folk meet where all 0 gave heIr assent ament or opposition to measures ures f Int 4 1 4 thI th- V I 11 1 1 1 morning at 5 the tho bugle awak- awak the tho camp All assembled for prayer ate breakfast and nt itt the call cally y f the second bugle the tho company began he march They traveled about twenty I- I fhe miles each day After supper and the tho prayer the tho brethren and s1- s1 gathered around the tho nd sang songs How the tho words o of Villiam Clayton tho pioneer poet fust eust have havo thrilled them Income come ye Saints No o toll tol nor norm labor fear with Joy wend your iray hard to you this Journey m may appear shall be as 3 your day Sabbath Sabbath day was waa strictly ohI ob- ob I Says one of the tho company In Jt Journal Sunday Sunday May SO O. O The morning is and About 9 o'clock the fugle was blown and the tho brethren 1 just south of the camp for prayer Many of thorn them expressed J. J feelings and desires to live up- up ht and pure lives and to obey Gods God's At 12 o'clock wo we all t a again an and ald partook of ot the sacra sacra- ent There were peace and comfort he ic camp and all well Wo We gathered i i evening prayer nt at 7 o clook o'clock arid and singing a a. few hymns we retired the night t the tho beginning of their Journey c y came In contact with the Pawnee is whose folklore and songs have havo Ii recently collected by American How appropriate was waz r air song to the march of the tho plo pio- O ers 4 I loom upon the tho path wo talc take p uder peak rices and clear 4 hold It stands with Ita head uplifted up- up lifted go we since rInce our our path lies Hes there upon the th path WR we take taic ri It peak rises risen and clear cicar We climb Drawing near Ita i summit per grows the way and slower our ouro o 44 loom upon ulon tho the path we I It t 1 THE ORIGINAL PIO ERS Fm PInT r rr cour no Horace ce K T. Whitney Woodruff captain william m A. A Empey Orion Orton K Whitney Jacob D. D Burnhm SIXTH COMPANY r Orrin P. P Rockwell etl Joseph I rt captain nth Nathaniel T. T Brown Drown Marcus 11 B. Torpe v R. R J Jackson Redding George Georg Thomas rhoina John Pack Trance s Pomeroy L J Join John om S S. S o ocr 1 cr rn Snow Snow- l rr o kron r on Pratt ritt r 11 John Cr Cral Fairbanks m J M. M 1 William W CO COMPANY George A. A S ouo John S S. S capt captain on SECOND COMIA ot John Wheeler O Owen I Izra T. T Benon n. n captain la Solomon Chamberlin COMPANY S Grover GroTer Conrail Conrad L. L Ibm Adams JaWs I Cn Case I captain Jo Joseph ph Steven 8 Johnson l' l Irry 1111 Amt Ami Ama i M. M I I Lyman William C C. A. A Smoot Jhn II 11 Sterling DrI Drigg II U. Alhert William Carter o on Walker Thomas 1 Franklin G. G Losee Benjamin W. W G force Brown Ir Fro Frost t CO COMPANY IP y Datus n I-n n Jesse C. C Little B B. Stewart t wart Norton orton Jacob captain Charles Chirles A Harper Monro IT Ink THIRD COMPANY Y ool rd rIe limes Georgo Georg II IT captain Otto Orro 1 Stephen Markham Markhum Joh John n 1 Y 1 Green l Barni t EIGhTh cO COMPANY lr s ra Tanner Georce eore e Mills MUK Youn Yung f Seth th Taft captain ll Horace Jo eph Hancock O O. Ansell n 11 Stephen I Kekey 1 John lon W. W Norton r ton I Lorenzo Youn and wife Ire John lm S. S 1 CO COMPANY Y Bryant m Charles 1 n Albert Allert P P. Almon M. M I. I William John Brown captain Joseph K j. Allen lIen T. T 1 Hans lIan C. C a T R R Tt CO IP PANT FO FOURTH COM W. W Stewart lx l 1 Jackman Tiko S. S Johnson captain Newman Ionian n Curtis Ill C- CJohn i John N. N Matthew V l lory ory worth Ilo os ja n Powell Alums OrAnt Hark Hurk Ia Lay Jay LayO H R. Grant O O- Or r Crosby br NINTH rit 1 CO COMPANY Y Cr COMPANY Y Tor roz Howard Egan E captain cirtain ln Tunis inIs C. C Jo eph Matthews 1 captain Te- Te Pierce William W A. A Kin Kins William Thomas Clo John John in ln Jacob Weller Ho ea Ci Burke Alexander I P. P C Robert rt FIFTH n COMPANY y Thu Stephen n II TI captain Ol ou Ic Norman Talor Taylor Tarlton 1 Ix Flake G. G Sherwood d William Clayton lie o worn worn- en In anti and two A ro i-ro fJ TJI COMPANY f I CO ester II II r. r nl o In ill f ut arty HarrIet Paso lae John kon Dickson Appleton II Harmon c ejer larl i l tr lc Samuel II H. Marble los Ci-los Murray Young Kimball Kim Kim- Im Geore Geare Scholes Lorenzo zo ball Lall Isaac bue Perr I Decker lc cr E take talc Yonder peak J. is sharp sharp and clear Behold us now on its peak uplifted Planting Planting- there thera our feet wo- wo stand ac- ac cur cure Mountains fo loom m upon the path we take Yon Yonder er peak rises sharp and clear Behold us now on its its head uplifted Resting there thero at last we vo sing sinS our C cong 0 onS' onS ng Tho The first expedition of Mormon colonists to tho the west might be bo truthfully truth truth- fuU fuli fully called callo a scientific expedition Tho The fauna and flora lora along the tho route were noted and all 11 special plants and anti animals described For example In William Claytons Clayton's Journal we find for tor torJul Jul July 17 the tollo following Ins Ne CI round John I 1 ixon Exon found and brou brought ht to camp n. n a aVci avery vcr very singular kind kind of thistle which h Ich I ha have hac c never seen before betor nor recollect of or reading of the like lie He found It In the thc low land near the tho camp and says there thero are arc many more like lIlee It It Is a great curiosity and ancl worth worthy of ot description Tho The stem stern la is about four feet long one ono Inch wide and about a quarter of an Inch thick It Is formed torme of oC a double leaf or case casc antI and when broken is hollow It Is ornamented by narrow leaves from four to six inches long IonS tho the sides thickly set with with prickles Jes from the bottom to tho the top lop The top resembles Jes a n. crown formed by the tho same lame kind oC prickly loaves leaves The Tho entire plant re resembles a snake e coiled colled round arid and round the tho crown as if ir to protect tho the flower seemingly seeming growing g tro tho head of or the reptile which lies lles Inthe in inthe inthe the hollow of oC the crown as If to protect protect pro pro- the plant from foes In Mr Ir Claytons Clayton's Journal we find him a or Old oid Indian Village Vu- Vu lages lage along tho the route and making a minute description of ot them On the of April ho lie tells tolls about an ol old Pawnee neo camp and made the tho acquaintance t tance of a l. l number o of chief chief- who told toM him about tho the folklore of their people By means mcana of oC a roa carefully cardull recorded cd and anti detailed eh descriptions of ot and streams written Wo We even find references t to tobe tho thu of the eoll and the tho amount of oC rainfall Jl durin during each cach I IH II Marked cd Longitude anti latitude were carefully carefully care care- fully tully recorded cl cr c every day by Orson Pratt who was as known as the scientist of oC tho the expedition Says Sas Woodruff Woodruff Wood Wood- ruff in his journal for April 19 Professor ProCessor Pratt took an observation lion tion and found the tho latitude to be bo 41 H degrees 27 minutes and ancl 5 seconds Tho The point of or observation w was s on tho ho north bend of or tho Platte ten and one half miles from the saints had crossed the lie river A fine Cine type tie 6 of ethical society was that Mormon com company pan Tho They had broad conceptions conceptions' of oC lifes life's meaning and ancl were splendid ld examples of oC high high- minded men and women There was a l seated deep-seated feeling an and knowledge Inthe in tho the hearts of oC all that lint they wore the bearers t f t Christs Christ's religion to the worl world This had a wonderfully stimulating stimulating effect upon their actions And who can gainsay g the fact that hunt it 1 la is religion tho the belief beller In God Cod and ancl his holy word lord that gives to people the tho hl highest hest moral conception of or life It is after all all tho secret of or tho the human hUaman hu hUa hiu- hiu man maci heart that create the dall dally daily life of ot every person It ds lis the tho purifying thought of oC the day that gives us our outlook upon life ure It is our simple faith In cleanliness and goodness In Insincerity Insincerity sincerity and love lovo that gives each day a Its Ils richness and spiritual splendor or Note ote tho the simplicity and faith in the following tal taken en at Lt t random from a number of oC the lie ol old that da day Says Wilford Woodruff in writing about the Sabbath th da day May Ia JO O 0 InKT l In h In rn the mornIn morning I shaved cleansed cleanse my bo body y put on clean clothing etc rea read a chapter In the Book Dook of ot Mormon humbled myself before beCore the Lord and andI poured out m my soul In prayer before I him and his spirit descended upon me I and I was blessed and prepared for forthe tho the service of oC the day a In June the tho pioneer company reached the Black Hills and Fort Laramie From there thero they followed the Oregon trail a of ot which led to Fort ger Along this p part rt of tho route especially Brigham Young heard much about the valley alley of the Great Salt lake from the trappers and explorers explorer but all their reports were more or less dis dis- It ha had long Jon been designated ted as the ono one place In the temperate region of North orth America as worthless where only greasewood an and sagebrush sagebrush sage sage- brush c could grow and where the rattlesnake rattlesnake rattle rattle- snake an and wolf repelled the frontiersman frontiers frontiers- man Tho The Indians declared that the tho Great Spirit had sent a blight over theland tho the tholand tholand land because of ot tho the wars sars of their fa fa- fa thiers Arid And had not MaJ Stephen A. A Long Lons- written in his Journal In 18 1820 O OI I that this land is almost wholly unfit for COr cultivation atlon and of ot course ablo able by a people depending upon agriculture agriculture agri agri- culture for their subsistence Notwithstanding Notwithstanding Not Not- withstanding all an that was said the tho pIoneers pioneers pio plo on Echo I and ancl finally through E Emigration i canyon to the tho valley of tho the Great S Salt lt Lake As Aa Brigham Young looked upon the desert waste h he exclaimed Thiis is the place I Wilford Woodruff sa says s 's in his Journal journal journal Jour jour- nal We 0 gazed with wonder an and admiration admira tion upon the thea a vast t fertile valley spread out before us for about twenty miles in length and sixteen miles in wI width th clothed with a heavy y garment of vegetation vege oc Mien tation and antI In the midst of ot which glistened glistened glist glist- ened tho waters of ot the Great Salt lake lako with mountains all ail around towering to tu the tho skies skies an and streams rivulets rl and creeks crocks of pure water running through tho the beautiful valle valley of or High Grade Utah Ulah was fortunate fortunato In the tho character o of her colonists They carried with them theta into tho the wilderness tho the idea of home homo building tho the church the school and the state aa as will well u as high concep- concep conceptions of ot economic and ni civic lc life In Ing g general Th They y had In mind the foundIng founding founding found found- ing of a commonwealth based upon Industry religion and learning Men ten and ancl women of oC strong convictions the they found in this new countr country a largo large field CeJ for Cor tho the development of their native ability The undeveloped land appealed appealed ap ap- ap- ap pealed Inspiring them with self BOlf ance and resourcefulness Necessity spurred thom them to a constant activity for tOI the they were totally dependent upon tho time products of oC tho the soil to which tho they boy were compelled to adapt themselves They rhey had emigrated mi from a country where tho lie rainfall l Is 40 10 Inches a year ear In IlL the arid waste of the tho thea Wasatch a It was wis wi's only 10 Inches While hUo tho lie Seo geographical features de determined do- do very y largely their heir industrial social and aurl intellectual In Institutions their ideals of or lifo life and its itz me meaning gave virility an and force to tho different elements of ot their organized society At once the tho Qu question stion of ot raising foodstuffs on n lands was the tho Important tant unto one ono Now began the reclamation of this arid country which was to grow int Into a great commonwealth The work vork waR waRto was wan wanto to bo be done clone not b by a single com company pan but by a a people under tho the dIre directIon of ot ofa a n master mind Brigham Young Quotin Quoting Quat- Quat in ing Int tho the Journal of ot William C Clayton h ha lie says C concerning tho the first days das of ot Irrigation and plowing Husbandry Encouraged d Friday July 23 This 23 This morning nS' nS the camp mo moved ed on to tho the final location We Wo traveled tra two miles and then formed our encampment on the tho banks of oC the tho creek in an oblong circle The soil Boll looks indeed rich black and a a. a sand and sandy Tho hio grass 1 is 13 about four teat feet high hiSh and very ry thick and well mixed with rushes Soon as tho |