Show System of Modern Car Cari 1 I i Necessary Evil Say Engineers il J ll pi P 1St st two jears ears cUs have brou brought h hr ht r Il r progress in the development o of p cooling than all the period be- be Engineers have learned much Athe the po possibilities of this part put of the j cf the ordinary car owner will be beether ether etler for being being- Informed on the t t. I I lr gln with the cooling s system Etem Is ll Ih ar evil c Thirty five p per r cent power power generated In the cylinders through the cooling water 1 re rc not for the fact that oil bit breaks nd burns under heat we wo could and andor 4 vs g the cooling system or er a third o of the power that thal is ft j IB ted eted However lubrication is abrA ab- ab rA J essential in the internal com- com l engine ine and to maintain the oil Between 1 tho the various arlous moving parts parts- ae to have the cooling s system stem present resent there are arc two t distinct I 1 nils is of at cooling cooling- the engine one em- em emI em r I jjr water the other air In the air- air I j tho the heat is dissipated I lid h hi fins projecting out from the ther Jr ir r In the water cooled system thep tho the I p kept In constant circulation in in l for or compartments around the irs rs The system includes a radia- radia I 1 Tin n n. n and a 3 means for l keeping the t circulating operation the water circulates the c cylinders lin ers and then COt goes to tor toi ip r i P o of the radiator and flows down bottom through the thc tubes or cells cell J off Its heat on the wa way Tho The fan Jair air through the interstices between en Tubes bes or cells and this air all carries carrle at awa away from the wat water wat r. r Without a much greater greatel area would bery bo be bory ry try than n could be obtained in the ther r of oC a n. car METHODS methods methods of ot forcing the circulation Uon er through h the system are Ire now no In R thermo and pump o a cooling coolins is sometimes the natural method No pump is here ere the movement o of the water assured through the natural law lawt rot t water ater Is lighter than cold and rises to the top In this IT as soon soon as the en engine lne starts starts der in the thc jackets gets hot rist ris- ris I I t the the top displacing cooler water cater way the hot water pushing its p the top and the cooler water k in to take e its place starts a I I Ion of ot the fluid sufficient to keep Inc properly cooled It I Is nece r sary In the thermo system that I the water pipes he be of or generous size and amI that the radiator h be placed high above e the water Jackets so that the outlet pipe will slant upward while hilo the Inlet pipe I will wll show ghow little slant The thermo thermo- thermo phon system stem is the simplest method of cooling cooling- the en engine lne I and 1111 when properly designed is effective I for ordinary service It has not the positive positive tive the action of or the pump system hut but it docs does cr very well wll Ill particularly on Y type V-type type I and horizontal engines where the radiator radiator radiator radia radia- tor ma may be he set pet et high as compared with the water ater Jackets This system works worl s se e Very r well ell in small engines In the pump system a centrifugal pump driven b by the en engine lne forces tho the water through h the system and maintains a constant and positive circulation So long as as the engine Is Is' Is running runnIng- the pump must force a flow Jow of water ater through th the cooling system The pump system Is Ismore Ismore Ismore more expensive than the thermo COOLING UNIT The radiator member o of the cooling I unit has a tank at the top and another at the bottom The core is the section lying between the two tanks s which looks 1009 like a hone honeycomb comb There are arc two different different dif dif- ferent t types pes of radiator cores tubular and cellular In the tubular type the water passes through the tubes and amI the theair theair theall air all is drawn through the spaces between between be he- tween the tho tubes In the cellular t type hpe pc the air Is Js drawn through h tho the tubes tube and the water flows through the spaces be between between be- be tween the tubes In operation the water enters the tans tann at the top of the tor where it is baffled so O that instead o of flowing down one side o of the core it is distributed all nil allover allover over the cooling area In ln the lower ower tank th there re is pro provided prodded c a 3 means for receiving the water from rom all parts of or the core Few car owners realize rel that the shape of tho the radiator ha has anything to do with th the efficiency of or the cooling system It has haR however howe The Tho high narrow radiator radiator radia radia- tor tot such a at as Is We used on racing cars gives gI the water ater a greater r ater distance to travel downward through tho the core and consequently consequently conse const more time lime to get et rid o of Its heat and all l water is exposed to the tho fan an anI draught I lu ht It used to happen often that too teo small mall a radiator was fitted In tho the ordinary car so fO that overheating o troubles troubles troubles trou- trou bles developed but In ht present da day cars the radiators are generally entirely effi effi- efficient d clent ent for tor the work they have to do Now ow while It Jt is nece necessary sary to cool the engine as we WP explained in the first place It It is not good OO to cool It too much There is ig a L certain point of maximum effi efficiency I C enc and within the past two years cars cars' engineers haw have been learning much as asto asto asto to the best method of or maintaining the engines engine's temperature at Just this point The principal means of or attaining this end elul endIs endIs Is thermostatic control of or the waters water's temperature This control means the fitting fitting- in the water line lino of a device which shuts 0 off the flow low o of water until untila a certain t temperature i is reached when it permits the circulation to proceed un until until tin un- til the water ater is cooled enough tit her the thc flow low is again Interrupted The Th cooling system demands little at attention at- at but hut it should certainly have l what It really requires It should be hc cleaned once a year Veal and 1111 incidentally this is the proper rolel Period to perform the thc operation I An excellent plan llan is to fill the cooling system with a solution o of washing so soda a I and water ater and run the engine for half haIC an hour After this drain out the tho soda soda- odaI I wat water r and lush flush tho the system through with clear water through times tines Now Not ow is the thc time al also o to renew the rubber hose connections connections con con- and to test the lie fan belt for slippage |