Show i IGENE Saxon l Concluded I I us finish up this week our stor story LET LETus of or the surnames derived from the quaint customs of or old En English before and Just after alter the tho Conquest by William of Normandy In 1066 Wo We conclude conclude con con- clude dude the list herewith Fowler Is and was a common SUit sur- sur t name It Is derived from the occupation occupation tion of ot a a. tO fowler or one ono who catches S birds for Zor sport or who Is hired by p sportsmen for that purpose The occupation occupation pation Is very ancient and our Lord and Master has hIlS made occupation famous through His reference to it In Ills 1115 teachings s The rhe occupation Is still In use In Europe though we in n America Amer Amer- ica lea know almost nothing of it but its name and tho the surnames derl derived ved from It Wo We have Fowles and as well as 8 Fowler as derived from this occupation Is probably the tho san same c as Goatherd or one who tends the village e goats coats oats Or It may bo be one OTIC who kept the th Gateway of or the village c to prevent the herds from straying Into the pastures The surnames derived from this pation arc aro Gatard and and Goddard may also come como from tho the German Gothar Goth- Goth ardt ar Gelder was tho the gelder of hogs hos etc And Aid as hogs hoss were a ver very considerable portion of tho the village property and the population It Is not strange that we W have numerous forms torms of ot sur sur- names derive from the various terms need In the care and protection of or these unsightly animals From gelder wo lW have havo Gel Geldart dart Other names from L this occupation will follow fonow amel 1 me From Goose Allied to to this last Jast occupation was tho the village Ho lie took entire charge o of the great flocks of ot geese s which constituted a large larse part of ot the tho revenues of these Saxon Anglo com corn The Tho office Is still j In vogue in Ii Germany but It is now a goose girl who a assumes umes the simple duties of that thaI I Office Auerbach li has f Iven n UK ii Hu zusle founded upon this girlish s oc oc- oc c- c and now we wo ha have vc the famous grand opera b by the German composer founded founded found found- ed also upon the love lovo of oC a prince for Cor the village goose We e havo have Goz eard urd as the surname from this patton pation Graver was the village sexton He was more he du dug the pitfalls for catchIng catch catch- ing lug wild beasts and sometimes dug ditches Gravesend is at the end of a 0 long dk dyke Hence we have the surnames surnames sur sur- names Graves and aud Greaves Greaves 1 I means also In English village life lite at least a woodland avenue or path cut through the forests or out of t It 11 So Is or was a trapper lot of hares through tho making of oC pitt pitI pit- pit t I J Calls tails Hackman was Wa a or or a O 01 CL WoOd woon fOr inc ino hearth or tire fire place Wo We have the surname as the only survival or of f this worthy I Uon t Guard r. r of or Common Hayman and Hayward was the thc name of ot the village official whoso hose dut duty It wa was a to guard tho the cattle that tho village grazed razed on common so that they did I not tr trespass spass on the tho ground or the I grass pass that was vas grown for tho the hay duri dur- dur i Ing Iii the winter whiter Until hedges became co In n run l old England tho hayward hayward hay- hay ward vard had to keep a a. sharp watch on the cattle committed to his lila charge chars In Piers Plowman we Toad read I I have a horne borne and be bo a Hayward And out a And keep b by come corne and m my croft From and aud That proves that our modern slang I term i has good authority be behind be- be hind It It hc hey thc Live of In an old I song ong I summer and autumn It Is said that The Thc hayward his I merry horne home For his services It would seem that he lIe was not only paid a few pence but was also given give a house rent rant free I with wilh a croft or a small field The sur sur- sur- sur names iames which havo have survived from this oc occupation mC are Hayman rl Hc m man n or Het- Het or Hayter and headle beadle and L Other From Irom Source was waa much te same samo a as hayman hayman hay- hay man so 50 also were lila duties duties And wo we have ha Hur Hurd and nd Harmon a as aa sur stir surnames Hawker t and ana Huck Huck- Huckster ster eter wa Va wab an itinerant nt peddler ant and s as well as tho the two first survive as ali surnames Hedger and was the tho man who planted I and cared for the tho tillage hedges We Wc havo ha both surnames surviving Hewer was a woodcutter But Dul on the coasts of or England a hewer is also the man who is 15 stationed on the cliff to toi give sight i I e notice This Tills when a shoal ot or fish Is In n word ward Is from the thc Norman Norman- Freud French word Hue line or Hog ward Hog ward was the village hog This surname still sur sur- sur lv vives R but t rne of oC the tho f families have changed the spelling as did the tho famous painter Hogarth whose name was IIo galt was the tho uIl same aa as cultivated M Husband y ban d was orIginally Finally the man who tho thu portion of oC soil which d de do- do rived from tom him the tho name nume of oC husband land flue was wan a land measure lre U used cd In n the tho co and find Lothian dl districts Hence thC lie surname Youn that that Is Is John Young the lie husbandman lan land land- or 1 Vo r 0 Basket I idd r tid Kidner l wax was the man who ove wove or rush baskets A butt butter kilt wa was r- r one or those baskets In which butter was carried to market Our Word WOK Junket junketS comes from flom the curd which Wa wan wrapped d and sold hold as It still Is 19 h In France Franc In lushes rushe rushes jonc Jonc jonc A kidder wa was also alHo a si huckster Hence tho thu surname ur sur- ur name when that 1 is Ig not riot a a. thou of oC Christopher Chrstopher J was wag a limo lime bi burner M Hl J. J pr or nr Mather th H was I a v mower o AU tl l 1117 mi a. a wit ia wal to tH Ute the On sheriff of or Lancaster in England to arrest arrest ar at- rest w le Ie Madder Cotton Mather Malher must have descended from froma a mower was waa probably Neath Neath- erd was a professional bird bird- catcher hence we c have ha the surnames Whistler and Osler Osier Pedlar and nfl all mean he the same sarno as Packman of whom the an an- lent dent was a type tC Packman has been s sometimes corrupted Into Pax- Pax man The packman was 01 however a superior su- su superior sort of J peddler For he had a lorte honc horre or 01 even eyen more than one that carried car- car tIed led his packs We c have havo also as is a a. surname survival Pearman Perrl- Perrl man Perrier arc all tho the names of oC grow grow- ors era rs of pears for making f perry rry We c have havo Perr Perry as 35 a surname In En England was the village o pl pIg driver whence we e have the surname when that Is not derived erh-cd from The The he was also changed Into Inlo the Larder who was a of oC pl pigs s on acorns corns and beechnuts Another nother name used used sed was a n. porker hence the surname But one ma may see sec how speedily thes these hese thrifty tradesmen rose from Crom the lowest ranks when ono one roads reads the monument ment in Upton church of or Edmund Larder who is there reproduced produced in knightly armor Tho The date of or this Is 1530 and is but a few Cew centuries from the time when his ancestor was a a. of ot pigs for or the village market We Ve havo also the surname Ploughman was tho the man who drove the he plough Hence wo we have also lower and Plow s as surnames Hushman Rush Rush- I man mail was the collector and of or orI rushes on the church chuich and antI other public I mil hall floors Hence the surname Rush I was the thc same as ns Saga Sagar and ami Sayer Ills occupation was clear enough h. h and still sUIl obtains In some parts part of oC England Shepherd rd was a class term erm for all aU who followed that occupation occupation occupation pation both for cattle and other ani ant mals The Thc surname Is 15 common sometimes sometimes some some- times sJ spelled Sheppard and Shepard Slater and was one who assisted assist assist- ed In maJ making fences The surname suj J H b L t L wag Uj the theman U Uman man who let out stalls atolls at a fair or marl market et Steadman or Stedman was a farmer who vho occupied his own home home- stead tead The Thc name sur Stoddard or Stoddart was the thc man who kept the village e tots slots or 01 bullocks The surname surname surname sur sur- name survives was the keeper of ot the village bulls The old word vord for tor a bull was a Hence the he surname Stobbart Swineherd ex explains ex- ex plains Itself Itsel It still sUB survives es Player r on Tabor Tebor or was the villager who vho played upon the thc tabor or small drum at dances The surname remains I also as Tabor Tavener tho the was village village vill vill- age ase Innkeeper Thresher also was the village rr flaUman u Both sur- sur 1 n W nt as asIle Ile man w who ho thatched the the roots roofs of tho the village T The he best known surname remaining f ft rom from this homely occupation in Amer Amer- lea ica t ea Is Thatcher We 1 ha have hac c also Reader Reador a and nd Reeder feeder which came caine from Crom the o occupation same Tiller and Tyler were wore makers tile w Wo o have also All AU these those have h ave survived I as surnames Tilly was wasa wasI a common laborer In full fun he was called c cord or earth He Is s so o named in Lagamon's Brut 1 12 1275 and in the clra cira 1 1225 Thence we have the clra elra T Tilly llly when it is not a place surname T was the man who peddled and h hawked from place to place The Tho name ame n remains at and Trant From Wagon Wason aon Driving Waggoner as well wen as have survived S as surnames and were of ot c course ourse the tho men who drove the huge c carts arts used in those days We Ve havo have these I and nd also a Wenman enman as surname survivals Woodman 1 were the thc keepers of ot o f the forests We Ve have ve as as' surname s survivals Woodrow Woodward 1 Wood Wood- Vcr yer Woodruff All AU are arc famous s surnames in fri Utah and America Wright Is another c common surname a and nd is derived from Crom a wainwrIght or a a wheelwright ht the worker in wheels Is also derived from Cram this occupation oc oc- oc Yeatman was the man In charge of or the village e herd of ot heifers 1 was probably the man who hail had charge of or the year two heifers helfers was the name given gl to the Ju juggler goler or or conjurer at markets or faire Calra It was often orten contracted to Wyse 80 I and ana anaIse Wise Ise The famous Englishman Cardinal 1 1 f Wiseman probably derived hl lilt I VII UJ LUi c UI or U counsel and not from the thc village show show- m man an who was called a wiseman Sometimes the Wiseman wa was the male maJe witch as the was wa the female fe fe- fe male maJc dealer in the tho lighter forms torms of or antI and charming away of Ills The Tho wl wiseman and ana tho the em eni- protested even In those larA days that thc they had laad no dealing with thi the evil ovil one And cV even n today there are aro professional white witches In Devonshire who derive a good revenue rc from their trade surname survivals arc aro Wiseman 1 and Wyse We y shall next take up the town life lIte of or tho those c early En English and anI see what surnames are uro derived from their thell habits and customs |