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Show DAIRY AM) POULTRY. INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR OUR . RURAL READERS. . How Successful Farmers Operate This Department of the Farm A Few Bints as to the Care of Live Stock and Poultry. Dairy Notes. (From the Farmers' Review.) 1 According 'to a Missouri professor the Iowa breeders of Holsteins and Jerseys are slightly at odds. The Jersey Jer-sey breeders have invented a test for Holstein cows and the Holstein breeders breed-ers have invented a test for Jersey cows. The Jersey breeders say: "Put a silver dollar in the bottom of a milk other hen lays ten dozen of eggs In the summer when 'eggs are wortn twenty cents per dozen, and they sell for two dollars. The cost of feed is the same in either case. The problem is a simple one, for one hen has $2 more to her credit than the other one. Farmers' Review. Money in Fork. Prices In the hog markets have been what may be called "firm" for a good many months. That they are to remain re-main so is indicated to some extent by the anxiety shown by the packers, who are doing all possible to stimulate hog raising. The recent high prices have resulted in the marketing of a good many light hogs. In some of the Chicago markets a good many light pork loins are being sold, some of the loins weiehine about five pounds each, pail, milk the pail full of milk, and if you can see the dollar you have a pure-bred Holstein cow." The Holstein Hol-stein breeders say: "Put a dollar in the bottom of a pail, select what you think is a Jersey cow, and milk her into the pail. If you don't get enough milk to cover" the Mollar you have a full-blooded Jersey cow." Both sets of breeders should feel better after this bout. Rudolph Miller declares that according accord-ing to his observations the greatest trouble in raising calves by hand arises from feeding the calves whole milk one day, skimmilk the next day and sour milk' the thlrd day. Without doubt there is something in this view of the case. Such a course of feeding certainly tends to upset the digestive habits of the calf, and such changes are Injurious even to mature animals. , 1 ; less than half the usual. The pigs were evidently marketed because their owners feared a drop in prices, but this very process is most likely to prevent a drop in prices by decreasing the supply sup-ply of mature hogs. We do not mean to say that the prices are to stay at the present point. That would be absurd. ab-surd. The market must and will change in response to the multitudinous multitudin-ous influences that are always affecting affect-ing it But the prices of hogs will for a long time at least remain high enough to permit of the wise feeder and judicious marketer making a profit on his investment as well as to get pay for his work. There are few farmers farm-ers that raise too many hogs. It is more usual or him not to raise as many hogs as would yield him a profit. The men that have beeh raising hogs for years, and have kept at it through bad times and good are now making money out of their tenacity. There is money in pork, but the farmer that goes into hog raising in good times and out of hog raising in bad times is likely to miss it. Scratching Room Under Poultry Honse. This illustration shows a poultry house so constructed that the scratching scratch-ing shed is below the part occupied by the hens. There are some advantages advan-tages in this form of structure. Cost is saved, as the whole expense of the scratching shed is represented by the small addi-ion in height of the building. build-ing. The aperture to the open air being be-ing smaller than in most cases, could be closed wi.h ease at night and in stormy weather. On the other hand the If there is one place on the farm where It Is necessary to keep an account ac-count of every financial transaction It Is in the dairy. The margin of profit in dairying is not so large that one can afford to ignore the laws that hold in usual commercial enterprises. Euclid Eu-clid N. Cobb says that the assertion that the "bull Is half the herd" is not always true. He has found that the lead pencil is "half the herd." A successful feeder of dairy cows must have some succulent feed for his animals at all times of the year. Whether winter or summer the change from succulent feed to dry fodder means loss. The usual summer feeder wishes that his blue grass pasture would continue throughout the summer. sum-mer. The man that has summer silage toteed"1iasth'Beq:u:ivaleut- of a blue- -grass pasture at its best, even in the midst of the summer drouth. Our best dairymen are coming to believe that silage is profitable to be fed every month in the year. Poultry Briefs. We frequently hear people say that they have "had good luck with their poultry this year." Impossible. Good luck is an old wives' fable and the les dependence put in it the better for the people that are trying to succeed in any line in life. Brain power and the use of that power will alone win success. What is the best time to hatch chic kens when winter layers is the object; We would like to hear from our readers on this question. One poultry raiser says that the end of March and first part of April is the period that gives the best results as to winter layers. If the chicks are hatched earlier they often lay a clutch of eggs and then go to moulting, which is detrimental to their work as layers of eggs at the time eggs are the most valuable. Birds iatched during the first two weeks of April should go to laying early in the fall if they are given a good supply of food. Fio. Scratching room under poultry hou3e. scratching shed itself has so little heignt that it is not an easy matter to keep it in order or to enter it for any purpose. As a whole, it represents how advaizcageously many of the poultry poul-try houses now in existence could be altered. Such change would mean principally prin-cipally the raising of the floor. Farmers' Farm-ers' Review. Importance of Hiirh-Grade Product. ' D. E. Salmon, chief of the bureau ot animal industry, says: In order to secure se-cure a higher consumption of poultry products per capita in the United States, it is of prime importance that there should always be an abundant supply of strictly fresh eggs and of the best grades of table poultry. This con- dition is also a necessary factor in the development , of the export trade. .When the markets are filled with egga that have lost their quality and flavor by long keeping and many of which have acquired an offensive taste; when the broilers and roasters offered to the consumer are thin, tasteless, tough, and altogether unfit for the t-ble, it is not surprising that they are passed by and beef, mutton or pork taken in their stead. So also when the exporter is buying for consignment to foreign markets, he must be able to find at all times a good article of eggs or poultry in sufficient quantity or he cannot continue con-tinue his trade. What advantage to a poultry raiser is there in showing, if he wins no prizes? Much every way. In the first place he will make a study of his birds and their needs; he will communicate with others as to their methods. He will give so much attention to his flock that many of the old errors will be eliminated and many truths discovered and made serviceable. Men upon whom we look as authorities authori-ties sometimes make statements that unsettle our confidence in them. It is now currently reported that one celebrated cele-brated poultry raiser in the east declares de-clares that there is as much money in summer eggs as in winter eggs. This is rather an old heresy and has been repeatedly knocked to pieces. It rests upon a comparison of the cost and selling sell-ing price of eggs in summer and -v'n-ter. Thus, if eggs sell at 40 cents in winter and cost thirty cents, the difference differ-ence Is ten. If eggs sell In the summer sum-mer at twenty and cost ten, still the difference is ten. Then the argument is that there is as much profit in one as the other, which is not true. There is one thing that is lost sight of, and that is, that the cost of keeping the liens the year round is the true foundation founda-tion for figuring. The hens have to be supported In the winter whether they lay or not For illustration: One hen lays ten dozen of eggs in the winter season and they sell for forty cents per dozen, which is four dollars. An- |