Show SURVIVAL At OF I jf TIlE THE FITTEST IS WINTER POULTRY RULE RUL I Thai Tha IWA SD rt Ses Season O SI Shows ShO Pro TO V Ii Eggs Es Are Ae V Laid Lak Only Good Individuals Heavy v I- Eaters and Large f for fOI i Their V Stock Should Be Used for fOI fori i PL Purposes of Breeding DRONES AND ROBBER V BIRDS Ir INJURE JURE FLOCK Take Take Up Time and Space and Bring In Little if f Any Returns ReV Re Re- V turns turns Constant Constant Selection Needed From Birds' Birds Owner BY H. H R R. LEWIS Professor of oC Poultry Husbandry HUH of oC Rutgers college N J J. J L and a leading poul poultry nu authority Copyright ht b by byThe The Eugene McGuckin Mc- Mc Guckin Co The rite hC production of ot market c cone egga Is IsOne one of ot tIme thc mOAt t of ol the poultry It fl difficult problems ho n In Ilic Ihie cold sa fun He such lIch ruo as enre- enre fur early hi and rigid selection If ur of tile the flock find chum Uru tusslIng n be he niter specimens nil lime nn no Important hearing bearing on tin thc lIm tHIll The nrc- nrc tn 1 ly hJ 3 time the author of nr hits ek 11 article II c. c In n H mm Intelligent mid nih manner l r Jev e nrc guru mid il described l h by Imy 1 r. r Graham 1 I I I. I Ia out name of or tb 11 the large nt members of or u. u the lime souse goose oo amid IN Iii o n favorite fur fiur trade rude V XE of or the time mo most moat t enjoyable enit and re remunerative to- to O. O OXE c bram of oC tIme the poultry poul poul- poultry 5 try business for foi the large lare and alike l is the tho production production tion o cf of market eggs Tins Tills branch of oC poultry kC keeping I Is faRt fast outstripping in Dumber and and value t the production of or market kat poultry In the form of oC broilers ers and roasters TO due duo largely lar I to decreased Tabor labor required constant and anti excellent V and easier rn rk marketing facilities re Is 18 always alwa's a steady demand deman at j It remunerative prices for tor fresh h table egg eggs eggs- The Time poultry la l with s-Itha the small noel flock will find that private ate I home trade Je retail 11 store and ants offer an aim exceptional l opportunity to to ll l oso of a n. constant supply the lw average ave a attempting to tu table taille cg eggs will find rind It a n great ad advantage to lie be able be-able able to guaT guarantee a acon con constant tant supply for b by so doing tin ho contract can secure a much better hetter price harice and nd a higher her class Undo It Is IR isa it a x simple matter to get g-et an aim abundant supply of or egg elJ ll during tIme the spring and summer months wh when n the selling price price- Is low butt but the thy hard se season Is during the tle late halt fall fail and an vi winter when n the tl weather 1 Is cola and the time selling felling price high I or UI It is it ting to note this constant relation which exists each IH year car be between be- be tween temperature yield a and 11 1 selling price mince of otelIs It I Is this natural winter condition winch which th time must U when attempting to a uniform production and this ran can best b be done dene b by I keeping only vigorous vOl bre I b red b birds bird i rd us p i-a i Ct I C I mm g careful mating and 8 selection and providing pro them themma at all times with an environment ann ami food supply 5 which resembles ex existing cX- cX spring conditions In every o wa way possible The birds arc machines which are arc areto areto to convert conert the time raw product food Into imato the time finished il product e eggs S I arm and without an efficient and well balanced machine this timis wor work cannot Iannot be he accomplished at ata ata a a. profit The selection o of the 11 proper 10 brN breed cI antI and the time securing of strong healthy Individuals of oC that breed should be he of or first consideration The Time mistake c is hi R often made of or attempting at attempting at- at tempting to produce market eggs profitably prof prof- from Crom cross bred stock It lisa has been cs established tl 01 I h by experimentation ta lion that hut standard bred birds always show more morl reliability in breeding are arc larger e egg producers especially when th the cg egg breeds breed are arc u used used- il II their eggs are ale more uniform in shape and ancI color and they the arc more attractive in aJ appearance It costs Costa Olt no 50 more to keep ke ep pure bred bird thai tham 1 mongrels slid and there is more efficiency from Crom the foot food consumed and there Is always a 3 greater demand and due duc to the demand de de- de- de higher selling value alue mand manit In Iii season for tor eggs for Cor hatching and breeding birds n MAI I. I P. lu C. our II If It one is to be uniformly successful success success- ful rul in Sn egg production ho Imo should consistently con con- tr try to build up hS bs flock This can bo he lone done by selecting ani only tIme the best females from Crom the time entire flock nock by matIng matIng mating mat- mat Ing them Lucas to good strong vigorous males smales Silt and b by using this special matIn mating mating mat mat- In ing as a n breeding pen from rom which all eggs cIT's for COI hatching should be saved R In Inthis Inthis this way war will get jet a n continuous improvement im im- hit hit- provement that could not be attained If it the entire flock nock were WIIO u used ell to propagate sate gate te the future layers The TIme time has come for Cor the tire to po pay moro moio attention to Individual birds bl and antI less to 10 tIme the flock I as s a n whole for Cor In oel every flock Clock there thero are many drones and low producers which h by study ann and observation lion tion could and should be beV bc eliminated V Time The practice of ot making special breeding breeding breed breed- In ing pens pen In this W way Is bound to re- re stilt directly in larger more vigorous bird better layers and hence nee greater I profit ro ft t V Great care should be exerciser exercised not notto notto notto to Include In these special I I mating birds on any that ha have o ever er been affected with poultry disease as it tends to weaken en their heir constitution and make malo thorn unfit for Cor breeding Birds once af affected nC- nC should be lie conspicuously Burked so that they may never find th 11 ir ir way vay into the breeding The rise special s should be made as early as po possible sible mm not t later than December or January This gives gl plenty plent of or time for them to get acquainted and used to their n new hew w quarters ft before time the eggs arc ed a for Cor hatching In selecting the females an endeavor should be made t to breed from birds which are themselves hea heavy producers and ant come from a nUnc line of or heavy hen producers Only mature birds should be used preferably hens liens anti and not mint 1 pullets Line lne breeding should be bc studied and aud followed rather than too V VS V S S t I S V j X S St V t yA 1 f. f fr J jl t L-I L Jr Si 34 L c V-c V iJ S if 1 4 A C II Va Vai J r. r iiI i f m 4 I t b I V f 4 t Js c a S a 1 1 I WHITE EMBDEN GEESE goose i is bred in iii but one color white and has been known to poultry breeders for more than years veirs Its origin is somewhat clouded although evi events and authorities generally point to Germany as its birth birth- i place IU perfection and development however have been greatest in tile the hands of the English breeders who it for its economic qualities of rapid growth easy fattening and the ready salability of both carcass am and feathers The goo goose e is a persistent sitter and mother cannot be Ue broken up up or cured OL of broodiness so easily as the Toulouse Jt is therefore a- a aless v less prolific layer than the latter close in breeding or out Specimens Spec Spec- 1 mens should be selected which arc I rather large lar-c for rol the time breed of or a strong vigorous constitution on anti and which pos- pos I j sells sees long deep wide bodies an I I cation o of an arm abundance of room for Cor tho the organs of digestion and reproduction Late has been found to be a ag g general In Indication of ot hN heavy laying Se Select Select Se- Se lect led females which are heavy Y eaters for such birds are arc usually hea heavy layers an aim Indication of a goo good appetite being the tIle of or rising early and going to top p perch late Into at night HATCH m Ii I. I of for Cor the tho The time o year cat hatching chicks that are to be matured tOI prolific pro pLo and continuous winter la should receive careful attention Time Tho I r tal erI of ot the time chicks Is 18 very cry I often orten the direct cause of or partial failure tall fall ur ure even among experienced poultry poultry- I men for Cor time enough Is not given tho the I growing pullets to come como to complete completo normal maturity before the extremely cold coM weather commences In tho the fall tall The e act c act time for Cor hatching hatching- will de depend do- do pend under average conditions upon tIme the breed kept the method o of growing ro together with the condition of or the range Tho light active Mediterranean breeds are aro much quicker growers maturing maturing ma mn- turing t on good range In front from tour four to toI I six sK months The Thc can cami be hatched therefore later than the tIme heavier ler gen general general eral purpose breeds which require from four to six weeks lon longer el to ma ma- ture The Time Leghorns can cart be safely hatched hatche from Crom the tho middle of or April to the middle or last hUlt o of May la while the heavier heavier- breeds I like 1110 time the Plymouth will tb do better I Hocks and If Ir hatched hatche trots from the tile middle of oC March to the last of oC April t. t Growing chicks that have ha during tho the summer an all abundance ance of range provided pro pro- vided with shade an and green food will grow much more more- rapidly r and moro more evenly nh than those crowded Into small sinaI bare yards If tho tilt chicks are aro hatched too early tile the they are Arc apt to go Into a fall fail moult after laying a few tew e eggs In lii the I late summer and are not likely to re resume rP- rP some sume la laying again until well into the of or time tho winter winterS or after one 01 or more profitable laying months is 19 past i IH u A CO T SELECTION chicks leave the Beginning lle when the Incubator and exten extending throughout the period the flock should hould bo be growing gro watched with the time purpose of or removing ln any birds which show signs of or weak weak- Inherited vitality ness Bess or lack o of Chicks which are alo naturally natural weak wc-ak at nt birds to 10 birth never ne make profitable raise to maturity either for egg production production pro pro- or for n most St purposes therefore there there- fore tore all chicks chicles which at an any time show sho any an defect In their physical makeup should be lao separated kept In a flock lock b by themselves and te fed for tor rapid flesh I growth ro and be disposed of ot at the broiler broil broil- er cr age A Any n fed dwarfed or sickly chicks arc are best killed when found Cound thus re reI removing removing re- re I moving an any possible source of Infection tion and Improving the thc general ap appearance appearance ap- ap of the youngsters Careful an and amid conscientious attention to tn the time details of mating and to the constant constant constant con con- stant elimination of undesirable specimens sped sped- rn mens will HI enable the keeping of oC fewer but bettor better hens hell and thus by eliminating ing imag the time drones or 01 robber birds s a more continuous and profitable production will i ill result |