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Show t. i I ii THE PROGRESSIVE OPINION j r WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS First Phase of Invasion Ended As Initial Foothold is Secured; French Hail 'liberation Troops" Released by Western Newspaper Union EDITOR'S NOTE: When opinions in ,?,.rn Newspaper Union's news analyst and not necessaluT"8,' Si? " spacer?)' ' "Zr T. --"' iBA,V' AIRFIELD: Nearer Philippines A base within bombing range of the Philippines fell to General forces when the Mokmer airdrome on Biak Island was stormed and captured on the 13th day of the invasion of the Schoutens. The beachhead on Biak was estab-lished late in May. A frontal stab was repulsed, following which Amer-ican forces got in behind enemy po-sitions and swept to the air field from the rear. The Mokmer field is within 880 miles of the Philippines to the north-west and is within good fighter range of Palau, Japanese western Caro-lines naval base guarding the ap-proaches of the Philippines. The island also has two other air-fields desired by the Sixth army in-vaders. The Americans immediately began a push toward the Borokoe airdrome a few hundred yards to the west. INDUSTRY: Must Take Initiative Warning that industry must find its own work when war contracts are no longer available, Donald Nel-son, chairman of the War Produc-tion board, told the juse postwar committee, that: . . it won't be the government's job to find work for each company in its present expanded position. It's impossible to find a postwar market for the 8,900 airplanes we now pro-duce monthly." Stating that he was 100 per cent in favoring government's assistance in postwar planning for industry, he said that he was against govern-ment "running" small business. He urged that companies now engaged in war production use their own in-genuity and initiative in planning their postwar programs. He forecast a postwar "expan-sionist" period in which private enterprise rather than the govern-ment would provide the necessary "spark." Government pump prim-ing would be at a minimum under such conditions. This Brst picture made from French soil shows American doughboys, rifles ready, wading through the surf onto the French beachhead. The photographer who made the picture was in the first group to hit the beach. Note the invasion craft in the background. Soundphoto. THE INVASION: First Phase Ended The first phase of the Allied in-vasion of Europe was completed. To a tense world, supreme head-quarters of the allied expeditionary forces announced this phase as the "securing of a foothold and the de-feating of local German reserves." Against fierce, last-ditc- h resista-nce of 10 hastily massed Nazi divi-sions, totaling nearly 150,000 men, allied forces were plunging inland on a front of curving shorel-ine from the Seine Estuary near Le Havre to the Cherbourg area. Allied forces are now in the sec-ond phase, which is one of defeating the German "tactical reserves," said headquarters. The third phase, which must be won before the Al-lied position is completely secure, is that of defeating the German "strategic reserves." (Tactical reserves are those in or near the combat area; strategic reserves are those held in readiness at a dis-tance.) I The Air Umbrella Headquarters announced that 27,000 individual air missions were carried out in the two and one-ha-days following the dawn of Great air fleets, probably greater than those of hammered Nazi strong points, transport and troop concentrations within a e radius of the beachheads. Nazi fighter opposition was weak. The German high command had not yet thrown its d fighter re-serves into the battle for Normandy. The battle was joined around LIBERATED BAYEUX: First of Many Eyewitness accounts described great joy in the streets of Bayeux, France, first city to be liberated by Allied troops in the invasion of west-ern Europe. On the main rail line linking the big port Cherbourg to Paris, Bayeux is five miles inland from Seine Bay. "God save the King. We've wait-ed for this day. On to Paris! Vive Tommy! Vive Amerique!" These were some of the rejoicing cries that greeted the first detachments to march through the narrow streets of the Normandy town. Cheering men and women danced through the same streets as the troops came in. Cafe owners began throwing open their doors with pianists striking up patriotic tunes to add to the festivity of that first day. Europe was to see many towns cleared of the enemy in the weeks to come but Bayeux got its niche in the history books when the French Tricolor was hoisted above it again on the second day of the Allied land-ings in France. SHUTTLE-BOMBING- : Russian Bases Used New dispatches began carrying a new dateline that read "From a U. S. Air Base Somewhere in Rus-sia" and this spelled historic mili-tary significance in cooperation be-tween the United States and the Soviet Union. For the first time, U. S. planes had taken off from bases in Italy, bombed German tar-gets, and continued flying eastward Lookout Bayeux, first city of France to be freed from Germans, and Caen. A fierce tank battle raged in several wooded areas near Bayeux, where the Nazis were strengthened by parachute troops. The navy supported foot troops with a gigantic bombardment of Caen. Nazi forces were attempti-ng to hold the city as a pivot for counterattacks. But on the second day of invasion, the Germans were forced to admit street fighting al-ready was being waged inside Caen. Single Front It became increasingly obvious that Allied positions were fast be-ing welded together into a single front, stretching from Caen through Bayeux to just outside Carentan and some distance up the Cherbourg Peninsula toward Valognes. It was disclosed that the first forces ashore on might have Pushed ahead more rapidly than "ley did, but General Eisenhower's supreme command decided it was wiser to slow the advance some-what while awaiting more ade-Qua-strength rather than make a risk having the spearheads choked off. OBJECTIVE PARIS: By Bastille Day? Bastille day, French national holi-da-falls on July 14 and in the first days of the invasion of western Europe, veterans of the 1940 battle France forecast that the Allies would be in Paris by that date to P the natives celebrate. In New York the French language weekly, "Franee-Amerique- " carried column by Ernest R. Bauer, which Indicated that French military vet-"an- s familiar with the terrain over which the battles are now being "Ught predict rapid progress from the beachheads to Paris 120 miles fiway. Meanwhile in London Winston urchill urged the house of com-Wo-to guard against "the idea that things are going to be settled ln a rush." to land at secret U. S. air bases set up on Russian soil. This new program opened the far-thest corners of German territory to bombing attack by Allied planes based in Britain, Italy, North Africa and Russia. American military leaders had long wanted these Rus-sian bases but it took diplomatic skill of the first caliber to get the Russians to agree to the strategy. They were finally convinced when it became obvious that the U. S. and England had the necessary planes and the Russians did not. First target was a Rumanian freight yard in which the Nazis had concentrated supplies for troops fighting the Russians. American Flying Fortresses were accompa-nied by Russian fighter planes on part of the mission. ITALY: 'Major Break' in Lines The German high command in Italy was forced to admit a "major break" through their lines north and west of Rome as the Fifth army smashed toward Lake Bracchiano and Civitavecchia, key port of the Tyrrhenian sea. German resistance was described by the allied command as "only light" It amounted to little more than disorganized activities by de-laying infantry units and guns. The Fifth army had taken more than 18,000 prisoners and many more thousands were captured by the British Eighth army, which was meeting heavier resistance north-west of Rome, where the hardest fighting is being encountered. The Vatican "Whoever may be the military authorities actually having control of Rome," the Vatican of the city has announced its determ.nat.on to of neutrality Ob-servers maintain a policy took this to mean that the the Germans credit holy see gave for correct behaviour with regard to Rome in its final hours. 1 A German sentry pictured as he scanned the skies over Boulogne, France looking for trouble that came unexpectedly. Boulogne was one of the cities hit by sea and air bombings, paving the way for land-ing of Allied forces. FOOT SOLDIERS: Pay Increase In reply to a request by War Sec-retary Stimson, Chairman May of the house military affairs commit-tee introduced a bill to increase pay of skilled infantrymen $5 to $10 a month. Soldiers 'holding the expert infan-tryman's badge would get a $5 in-crease and those having the combat infantryman's badge, $10. Cost of the increase would amount to be-tween 55 and 71 million dollars yearl-y- In asking for the legislation, Stim-son said infantry casualties are the highest of any branch of service. In the North African campaign, includ-ing Italy, the infantry suffered 70 per cent of the casualties, although comprising only 19.6 per cent of the total forces. FARM MACHINERY: Restrictions Removed Small manufacturers (employing less than 100 workers) can now en-gage in the unlimited production of farm machinery, equipment, and repair parts made entirely from sur-plus materials or materials with an AA-- 4 preference rating. This new arrangement, announced by the War Production board, is lim-ited to firms employing not more than 50 workers in group 1 labor areas, or on the West coast. Else-where plants employing fewer than 100 workers may participate. Manufacturers meeting these regulations can use surplus mate-rials and component parts from in-ventories together with AA-- 4 prefer-enc- e rating materials in such pro-duction. TRAVEL BAN: Because of the increased loads placed on the nation's transporta-tion system by the invasion, Direc-tor of Defense Transportation J. M. Johnson has asked immediate can-cellation of all nonwar conventions, trade meetings and all nonessential civilian travel. An ODT spokesman said there were no plans to ration train and bus travel through priorities, but that reserved space may be com-mandeered by orders of the army surgeon general for casualty cases. J Lookiisg at I II 0 LLYW0 0 II DOKING FUN at our hats is even 1 superseding the mother-in-la-jokes these days, but, masculine scoffing to the contrary, to women hats are the staff of liie. You'll see 'I'm not the only zany female in Hollywood. Ask Irene Dunne. She owes her career to a hat. If it hadn't been for a big one in pale blue, Flor-en- z Z i e g f e I d would never have noticed her; she'd never have won the lead in "Show Boat'; Hollywood would have missed her; and but for a hat the cinema capi-tal would have Irene Dunne kept her in musi-cals instead of giving her the plum role of Sabra in "Cimarron," a picture which changed the entire course of her life. How It Started She'll never forget the day she earned her first money Singing hymns in the Indianapolis Baptist church choir hymns taught her by the nuns at the Loretto convent in St. Louis. Her reward was a crisp new $10 bill, and just enough to purchase her heart's desire a new hat. "The hat was large, of silky straw, a pale blue affair with long stream-ers and extravagantly painted flow-ers under the brim. I truly believe that from the day I wore it I sub-consciously decided that I might really earn my living by sing-ing. The hat did it," says Irene. Perhaps she was thinking of that hat when she won a voice contest at the Chicago Musical college, and so the ambition which had lain dormant since childhood crystallized into a genuine aim to become A singer. On Her Way A year later, after hard study, she was singing the lead in the road show of the musical comedy "Irene" at a salary of $150 a week. Back in New York, Henry W. Sav-age gave her a chance to under-study Peggy Wood in "The Clinging Vine." When Peggy's father died Irene stepped into the lead for a single Broadway performance! It was enough to win her a chance at a summer of light opera sponsored by the Chandlers in Atlanta, Ga., a similar stint in St. Louis, and the lead in "The City Chap" for the Dillinghams, which was followed by the lead in "Sweetheart Time." This called for a new hat and a party at the New York Biltmore. A strange gentleman noticed the hat first, and requested an introduction. Three years later she married Dr. Francis Griffin the same gentle-man. The bridal couple boarded the Berengaria and sailed for a Euro-pean honeymoon. "The day after I returned home wearing a beautiful new blue hat purchased in Paris," recounts Miss Dunne, "was the day I met Flo Ziegfeld in an elevator. Before I left the building he sent for the girl in 'the blue hat!' " A Dream Come True Because of that hat, Edna Fer-ber- 's glorious "Show Boat" was Irene's for the asking. The opening night of "Show Boat" marked the starting of a rich and varied career for the pretty girl with a voice and pretty hats. When the search for the heroine of "Cimarron" began, Irene inveigled a test and there was an astounded gasp from producers. Sabra, a straight dramatic role, the emotion-al plum of the year, to a musical comedy actress? Nonsense! Nonsense or not, she wanted it, and got it thanks to a hat which she borrowed from a wig designer. Trail Blazer "Cimarron" started an entirely new cycle. "Magnificent Obsession," "Back Street," "Symphony of Six Million," "The Secret of Madame Blanche," "The Silver Cord," and so on. Then Irene had a hunch it was time to try comedy. She accepted the harum-scaru- girl of "Theodora Goes Wild." "The Awful Truth" fol-lowed, and she found herself hailed as a comedienne. Critics are again pointing with pride to her as an emotional actress for such romantic roles as the girl of "A Guy Named Joe," opposite Spencer Tracy, and that veritable cavalcade of a woman's lifetime, "The White Cliffs of Dover." Irene Dunne, accompanied by Dr. Griffin, went east for the premiere of the latter picture. She's back home now, ready for either drama, comedy, musical, or romance. Snooper-Doope- r Too bad that "Here Come the WAVES" isn't ready for release now. It would help recruiting. I vis-ited the set the other day. Betty Hut-to- n had them play back the record she made singing a duet with her-self. It's her first doubling job. She plays a blonde and redhead. Some-times she switches from one role to the other four times a day. That means new makeup and blonde hair washed and reset. She was grateful for the patience of Mark Sandrich. sSEWING CIFZCL.Er ' L ni Jin Uyr-- f SNAPPY FACTS j v. ABOUT fc) RUBBER Alcohol base butadiene is ex-pected to provide an im-portant portion of the syn-thetic rubber used in the U. S. in 1944. One instance where alcohol and the automobile go well togetherl f Passenger car tire shortage Is ex-pected to continue well Into the summer months, at which time syn-- thetic tires may make their appear-ance in growing numbers. That's why extreme tire care Is Important now. In 1910 crude rubber sold for an average of $2.06 a pound in New York. Since September 12, 1941, it has been fixed by a government agency at 22 Vi cents a pound. In 1932 the average price was 3.4 cents. ftrm'WrmtXiK''ti-'tfifti- fart wnr TaMv- REGoodrich i Pattern No. 8614 is in sizes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years. Size 2, dress, requires 1sb yards material, bonnet, 5b yard; 5 yards rickrack or ruffled lace for trim. Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE PATTERN DEPT. 149 New Montgomery Street San Francisco Calif. Enclose 20 cents in coins for each pattern desired. Pattern No Size Name Address ., , Buy War Savings Bonds i HOW TO "KNOW" ASPIRIN Just bo sure to ask for St. Joseph Aspirin. There's none faster, none stronger. Why pay more? World's largest seller at 10i. Demand St. Joseph Aspirin. j Mil 1841 36-5- 2 Eye Pleasing ""pHE contrast afforded by the yoke of this dress (which may be smooth and tailored or soft and ruffly) pleases the eye! The body of the dress is cut to give you slimmest possible lines. Barbara Bell Pattern No. 1841 is de-signed for sizes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52. S(ize 38, short sleeves, requires 3 yards material. Y2 yard for vestee, or 23,i yards ruffling. Summer Set A COMPLETELY pretty play dress and matching bonnet which can be done in colorful seer-suckers, striped chambrays or flowered cottons. For very small girls aged one to three, this set is adorable when done in white polka-dotte- d muslin or pastel or-gandies and trimmed with fine white lace. Crispness you can hearR i "The Grains are Great Foods" Sfjlfi' ill fit Kellogg's Rice Krispies equal the TSteS" fr--! I tIiSlI whole ripe grain in nearly all the IUIfa VA protective food elements declared j If g I ill T lMv essential to human nutrition. ' V F l J etA . in i $Mw4if 7t?ti SJ&fed, ' RADIO ' 0$7?iaMt SMeef One of CLARION'S major plans or combinations of modern de-- after the war will be to serve sign, or in between, CLARION towns, smaller cities and farms will be completely prepared to with radios best suited to the real meet your peace-tim- e needs. America through which runs CLARION'sworkforthearmed Main Street the world's greatest forces has developed its engineer-thoroughfar- e, ing and designing facilities to the In every locality there will be highest point in its history. We CLARION dealers displaying the are in aa ideal position to serve red-coate- d figure which since you radio buyers more efficiently 1922 has been the symbol of good and with finer products than ever radios. before. Whether battery sets for those Watch for the CLARION sign who have no power line facilities, when radios are again available. WARWICK MANUFACTURING CORPORATION 4640 W. Harrison Street Chicago 44, Illinois FARM SETS TABLE MODELS PORTABLES RADIO PHONOGRAPHS FM TELEVISION HIGHLIGHTS the week's news TVPHUS: American medical CorPs have conquered the dreaded curge of all armies typhus. The lsease has been brought under con-0- 1 by a new vaccine, and by a Poison called DDT that kills the 'ce that transmit the germs. Brig. t,ei- Leon Fox told news corres-pondents: "Typhus has been removed from Ue death list of the U. S. soldier." FRUIT: The peach crop shls an increase of nearly 150 per cent over last year, according to William Graf-fiti reports from growers, vice president of the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable associa-Ho- n told dealers. The apple crop least 50 per expected to be at larger than last year anc citru prospects are much better, Grjffitt said. |