Show oven weep P alm aim canyon nev national monuments H paw V 1 V te visit 14 I 1 r by JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN lOVEN WEEP national monument RM R M has been added to the united states national park system and palm canyon national monument has baa been well started on its way ho H 0 lies on both sides of the boundary line between colorado and utah near the only spot in the united states where four states touch and Is reserved because of its prehistoric towers fewers towi I 1 and other impressive masonry structures kures pelm canyon Is in southern california and contains many tine fine specimens of native american palms from now on much will appear in print about these two national nat ionni monuments which will be variously described as national parks national forests national reservations and national dional monuments with in indiscriminate references to their control by the national park service and the forest service so what follows seems advisable in order to explain the complications which congress neg neglects ec ts to t 0 straighten out there are now nineteen national parks with a total of square miles there Is ole group of twenty six national monuments including the two new ones containing about 1900 1000 square miles these national parks and monuments are under control of the tha national park service a bureau of the interior department there are seven national military and other parks such as shiloh gettysburg and Lincol ns birthplace administered by the war department which also controls two national monuments big hole battlefield and cabrillo there are the national forests with an approximate area of acres under the charge of the forest service a bureau of the department of agriculture there Is a group of eleven national monuments contain containing ing square miles allies la in charge of the forest service the national parks and the national forests are the exact opposite of each otter the national parks are wilderness areas of majestic beauty set aside for purely recreational purposes public playgrounds tor for the people the national forests are industrial and commercial purely areas set apart tor for scientific lumbering tor for a profit and for grazing tor for a profit some day it la Is hoped congress will straighten out the tangle by putting the national military and other parks and all the national monuments in charge of the national park service leaving the national forests to the forest service president harding created the ho he national monument by proclamation la march 2 under the act ot of 1900 for the breser preservation atlon of american antiquities and dr hubert work the new secretary of the Inter interior tor has now over area name of the federal government Hoven weep Is the indian equivalent for deserted valley and contains about acres the square tower and the twin towers pictured herewith can be comfortably fort ably readied reached by automobile dr J walter fewkes head of 0 the bureau of ethnology ot of the smithsonian institution ution recommended the hie area to the president for a national monument doctor fewkes sas of the area and its prehistoric relles relics Hoven weep contains three groups of structures the first group called the square tower cluster some of the unest of all the structures are in this group the most picturesque of them being Hoven weep castle the standing walls of which are over oner fifty feet high A second group lies iles three miles to the north in holly canyon and contains some gome of the most remarkable prehistoric masonry in the united states 4 a wr L if aa f zi 0 1 Z ra c ra 7 V LIAR I 1 ra 7 4 1 eipl r V cbs the third group situated on cajon mesa Is more difficult to reach the ruins in the square tower canyon may be described somewhat as follows ruins which have hindlea eions of circular kivas with mural pilasters pi lasters and banquettes banquet tes and closely approximated surrounding rooms to this class belongs boven weep castle the pueblo and the so called unit ty type pe house the last named belonging to the simplest form of the pure type second there are the ruins the main feature of 0 which Is the absence of a circular kiva the twin towers belong to this second or great house type the largest of the ruins in this canyon Is Hoven weep house situated at the head of the south fork although many of its walls have fallen there still remains a semicircular great house N w ith high walls cons ous for some distance the ruin Is a pueblo of rectangular form belonging to the pure type showing owing sli circular depressions pres identified as kivas Im bedded in collections of square and rectangular rooms and massive walled buildings on the south side tho the standing walls are remains of a conspicuous multi chambered D shaped tower castle like house has bus circular kivas compactly Im bedded in rectangular rooms arranged about them indicating the pure type of pueblo the massive walled semicircular towers and great houses are combined with square rooms and kivas indicating that it Is distinguished by two sections an eastern and a wb western wistern stern which united impart to the whole the shape of the letter L among the most impressive build belld ings in square tower canyon are the twin towers they stand on the south side ot of the canyon on a rock isolated by a cleft from the adjoining cliffs the larger of the towers having baying an oval ground plan while abile the smaller Is horseshoe shaped the pueblo known as unit type house houge Is one of the roost interesting ruins in the it Is situated on the nery ery edse edge of the canyon of the north fork not tar far from where 1 it begins begin it Is the simplest form ot prehistoric pueblo of a pure type made up of a centrally plated placed circular ceremonial room in holly canyon the towers may be approached on toot foot the towers in this canyon show some of the finest masonry to be found on the reserve reser var tion one of the finest of theta them holly tower built on a great rock its tip rising to a height level with the mesa then there Is holly mouse house which app ap pears to have been a pueblo ot of rectangular form these are buti but a few of the historical structures that await the pleasure of the tourist however they are typical of the splendid relies that are toi to be found in the gloven t weep monument palm canyon national monument was created by act of congress with two strings tied to it the act authorizes the secretary of the interior to set aside acres in the county ot ol riverside california provided that before such reservation and dellea tion as herein authorized shall becola effective the consent and relinquish ment of the agua caliente Cal lente band of la ini deans shall first be obtained cov eltag its right title and interest la inand and to the lands herein described and pay went to the members rue M her 8 of 0 f sal saia band on a per capita basis at a price to be agreed upon when there shall be donated for such purposes to the secretary of the interior a fund in an aa amount to be fixed and determined by him as sufficient clent to compensate the indians the provision verbatim et literatim litera tim it certainly means that the promoters must raise the money to pay tor for the land it apparently also menns means that the indians shall willingly sell anyway uncle sam going to pay anything it iswald Is said that a purchase fund has been or will be raised malsed the indians however are reported report ud d to be unwilling to sell anyway the area set aside waln its strings consists of three canyons with ith their desert approaches audi And andtius tins murray and palm the center ol of things Is the village of palm which Is a flourishing winter and spring resort in our araby of 0 tho th colorado Colonn lo desert of southern callior california the purpose of the monument Is 13 to preserve fine growths of a native american palm th the washingtonian fil ifera palm canyon roost most impressive of the tha three Is a pass rather than a canyon about ten miles long with palm creek flowing through it the palms are in groves fifty feet Is their average height with here and there one reaching 70 feet andrens andreas canyon also hus its and its palms with their picturesque petticoats murray canyon lies between the other two and Is 13 much like there them in early spring the colorado desert here blossoms like the well known rose only more so in sand verbena desert gold go d lupine and primrose keep oft off the desert la Is the proper summer sign |