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Show FARM AND HOUSEHOLD. VARIOUS RURAL TOPICS AND DOMESTIC HINTS. Tha Principle of Supply and Iemnnd Hure to Solve the Problem of Halving Halv-ing Hug for Profit Whan t ha Cow Itaromea 111. Farmer and Their Hogs. Owing to alternate surplusages and shortages, live stock, like grain and all products, whether of the farm or of the factory, are subject to the dominating influence of supply and nothing but a small prchard, generally at itome distance from the house, while the house itself is left at the mercy of Bun and wind, unsheltered and unadorned un-adorned by any tree. The fact is that every farm house should be in tha midst of a grove of trees, and no house ever looked like a home without some such lovely growth about it. Poultry for Profit, A writer for the Orange Judd Farmer Farm-er says: "I have bred a large number of breeds and varieties of poultry, and I f.nd that hens with short legs, chunky bodies, short necks and small heads are. as a rule, indifferent layers. Hens demand which forces fluctuations in prices. For a sories of months, often of years, because of over production, every species of animal food will command com-mand only prices for which it cannot be profitably produced, and these prices hold until not only the extra production ceases, but only the surplus sur-plus is exhausted and there comes a demand which cannot be fully supplied, sup-plied, when prices begin and continue to advance, stimulating production un- the reverse of this description are tha good layers, and we certainly can improve im-prove the laying qualities of a flock by a continued selection of this type. It is in this way that certain strains of nearly all the standard bred fowls, noted' for their egg production, are produced. I would not, as a rule, pick out the bird scoring the highest by the standard for the best luyer, simply because such birds are too iv hi-r-d for -fancy noints.' and til another surplus is found to exist. Thus, for several years hogs, cattle and sheep have been produced so largely large-ly In excess of market demands as to render tho breeding and raising of those animals, except under the most favorable conditions, unprofitable. Hut tho world's markets are short now, tho consumption has overtaken the volume of production and the prices of hogs and cattle and sheep must tend upwards until a surplus again finds no adequate consumption. In the meantime more money will be made in raising these animals than was lost during the era of depression. Pnlmnn's Rural World. utility Is lost sight of. I believe that latterly, however, nearly all breeders have been selecting types of birds for breeders that combine, as far as possible, possi-ble, utility and standard points. For my part I think we should first look after tho useful and then tho ornamen' j tal. The Poultry Yard. If from any causo any of tho chickens chick-ens get stunted the quicker they are marketed the bettor. Wire cloth is a good material for doors and windows during the summer, when plenty of ventilation is needed. Even with vounff chickens there are When Cowa Are 111. Unfortunately, it is seldom noticed that a cow is ill until she actually refuses re-fuses to eat, by which timo she is in great danger, and drastic measures must be at once taken for her relief, which somotimosdo not succeed in saving her life. When dry chaff Is largely used during tho winter season, theownor or his representative should bo continually on the alert for this form of disease, easily recognizable in its first stages by tho hardness of the droppings and the small quantity. Tho instant this is observed, a drench nnnuwtW of lb. of salts, a oz. car- fow materials that are bettor than good corn meal for fattening; evsn a few days' feeding of it will be of benefit liens that are two years old and are not good layers had better be fattened and marketed as soon as possible; they are an expense nnd return no Income. A row or two of sunflowers planted along with the corn will bo found profitable to use in making a good variety of feed, especially during the winter. Save the egg shells, put them into tho ovon and burn thorn brown; then mash them up fine and mix with the feed. It is healthy and beneficial to bonate of ammonia, and J ox. of ginger should bo given, repeating tho dose in a few hours, whon relief of tho bowels will be the result and the danger over. Whon a case of milk fever occurs, oc-curs, constipation is always present and unless this can bo quickly relieved death will speedily ensue. Milk fever Is, howevor, such a deadly disease, and runs its fatal courso so quickly, that a euro is almost hopeless; Prevention Pre-vention is therefore tho only courso open to the stock-owner, who should use every precaution to avoid this I dreadful scourge, Rural World. I Hut to? v. Beet Many men raise a pound of buffer worth twenty-five cents, at tho samo cost and on tho same quantity of land, that other men raise a pound of boof worth two to five cents. Two hundred pounds of butter a year from a cow, at 25 cents, means $50, whilst the same number of pounds of beef, at 5 cents means only $10. But a good cow will produce 800 lbs. of butter a year, and it takes a good steer to make 200 lbs. of beef. A well cared for orchard will, after It comes into 'bearing, bring from fifty to ono hundred dollars an acre. A well cared for truck patch of ten acres will, if near communications communica-tions with a large city, produce vastly more money than one hundred acres, managed under the seed farm plan. Then in the matter of poultry raisings There Is no mnnner of doubt of Its being be-ing a profitable business, or of the fact that for the money invested, if intelligently intelli-gently handled, there Is a better show of profit than in others to which even more attention is paid. Securing W.. ker for the Iinrve. Each beo-keepor ought thoroughly to understand the honey resources of his own locality. He should know when to exnect a honev flow. When I the fowls. Brokon grain, liko cracked wheat or corn, millet seed or something of this kind, is better and healthior for young chickens than cornmeal or wheat middlings. I.lve-Stock and Farm Motel. '- Never feed a horse when hot It often pays to grind feed for an old horse. In feeding calves on!y give what they will eat up clean. Bad management often causes considerable con-siderable los; with piga. jJ A colt is the only young domestic animal that shows fear at birth. If you are breeding mules, make It a point to raise and breed good ones. Left out at night sheep will nearly always seek the highest place to sleep. Soap-suds is one of the best fertilizers ferti-lizers that can be used in growing celery. So far as it is possible to avoid, the horse should not be groomed while eating. . Plaster and lime are good substances to mix thoroughly with hon manure la composting It Clean, thorough cultivation is as important im-portant with fruits as with any other crop grown on the farm. Under ordinary conditions too much milk cannot bo given to the poultry. Give them all they will eat or drink. Generally it is poor economy to work a horse hard all day, and then turn him out to pick around all night While matched teams are desirable, so far as appearances are concerned, yot it is of more importance to have them matched in gait and strength. The smoothness of tho meadows will affect to a more or less extent the crop. In many cases it will pay to roll well after tho frost is all out of the ground to level and pack down the soil. tho timo comes, the expected harvest may not come, but the bee-keeper should be in readiness for it It is possible to have a good honey flow and yet secure no surplus, because there aro not sufficient number of bees to gather it Bees are valuable when there is honey to gather; at other times they are consumers. Less populous colonies can be more successfully wintered win-tered tn the cellar than out-of-doors; while by proper protection and care in the spring, such colonies can be brought up to the requisite strength in time for the honey harvest If by such management we are enabled to so reduce re-duce our colonies in strength during the non-producing time of the year that stores are saved to the amount of from three to five pounds per colony, we are well paid for our trouble. Farmer Should Study. It is a fact that cannot be disputed that farmers do not exercise their wits sufficiently in considering how they j may widen the range of their business. If they confine themselves to raising corn and wheat and pork and beef, their market will always be a narrow one. If they would exercise their Ingenuity In-genuity in tho same way that manufacturers manu-facturers and other business men are constantly doing, in an effort to get up a greater diversity of products, or to put old products up in new ways, they could widen their market almost indefinitely. in-definitely. Cincinnati Times. Tree on tha Farm. It is much to be regretted that farmers farm-ers do not take more interest in tree-planting. tree-planting. Any person who has travelled trav-elled extensively over the prairies cannot can-not have failed to notice the extreme baldness of most of the farms. I have seen hundreds which were not adorned with a tree of any kind though the land had been occupied for years, and 1 know of many more which boast of Houaehold Uinta. To drive nails or screws into hard wood dip the points into oil or grease. It is well to varnish an oil cloth twice a year, and if you do, a good one will last you as long as you want it to. Spots of grease may be effectually removed from the most delicate fabric by the application of dry buckwheat flour. Indian meal mixed with lemon juice or good cider vinegar is said to be very soothing to hands roughened by cold or labor. Ammonia is a most useful household article For washing windows, brushes, and for performing many other services, ser-vices, it becomes almost indispensable to the careful housekeeper. The Russian method of restoring the luster to fur sacques or fur garments gar-ments of any kind is to heat rye flour as hot as you can bear your hand in it rub it into the fur and let stand for a little while; then shake or brush it out thoroughly. A very good imitation of ground glass is produced by dissolving three tablespoonfuls of Epsom salts In a pint of warm water and applying it to the glass with a common paint brush. This answers admirably when a sort of screen is wanted. The solution must be applied to the side of the glass which is not exposed to the weather. The best way in which to clean hair brushes, says the Popular Science News, is with spirit of ammonia, as its effect is immediate. No rubbing is required and cold water can be used just as successfully as warm. Take a teaspoonful of ammonia in a quart of water; dip the hair part of tho brush without wetting the ivory, and in a moment the grease is removed; then rinse in cold water; shake well and dry in the air, but not in the sun. Soda and soap soften the brist les and j invariably turn ivory yellow. |
