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Show M SOUNDS NOTE if WARNING ON IMPROVEMENTS Of WATERWAYS No More Pork Barrels Are to Be Opened Daring liis Time in OfficeFYesident Points Out Difficulties to Be En countered in Reestablishing Fiver Transportation transportation men must, however, do- J vote their attention to overcoming the physical disadvantage as to terminals termin-als and transfers Involved in the va-. rlailon of the level of the river. "One of thi great, reasons for the decrease of river transportation has been the competition of 'railways whose physical advantages have already al-ready been referred to. .More than these, irallic managers of railways have lowered their own traffic rale? where there I water lompetition until un-til the river business has been entire-)y entire-)y disconraced. and then raised the rates when the river business has' been thus suppressed. "Provision has been made in the railway act passed at Hie last session of congress which will prevent railways rail-ways from adopting thi device of destroying de-stroying river competition. The trutVi I is, that with the new development of river business, It will be possible to give power to our interstate commerce com-merce commission to make regulations regula-tions for the joint traffic between continuous con-tinuous growth of the river business, for if we would uBe our waterways in the most economical manner, there must be a friendly co-operation, as the waterways commission points out between those engaged In transportation transporta-tion on the water and those by rail. The concurrent nnd Joint opera' Ion of railways r.nd water carrlngc Is much better regulated abroad than It Is here and we have a ceat deal to lenrn in this regard, which, when studied out, can be embodied In positive posi-tive stotutes. Millions for Improvements. "The cost of the Improvement of the Ohio river Is to be upward of $C1,- i OOO.tMtO, and it affect;, n sufficient ter- ' ritory and a sufficient number of poo-1 pie to justify the expenditure of the! money out of the treasury of the I United States. The plan is to appro- ! prlate sufficient money efich year so (Continued on Page Seven.) Cincinnati. Sept. 21. Refreshed by a good night's sleep. President Taft early today bcan receiving calls from fi lends with whom he had been intimate during his residence here. There was no hint of politics In any of these visits To all requests that he discuss state and national political matters or comment on the primary results In Now York or Minnesota, the chief executive returned the same answer, that he would have nothing to say at the present time. Ho especially declined de-clined to discuss his mcetiug with former President Roosevelt in New-Haven New-Haven on Monday. Although the president's visit has been eiirrihasized as a "home corn-irg." corn-irg." he will not e&cupo politics on tlrcly. The Ohio situation especially Is to be spoken of to him by several party-leaders. party-leaders. One of these. Senator Bur ton. has an appointment for tomorrow, tomor-row, and It likely that Wade H. Ellis, former assistant attorney general, and L. H. Lalln. chairman of the Republican Repub-lican lnte campaign committee In Ohio, will also talk with the pvesi dent. This evening tie president is to dine wi;h Congressman Nicholas Inngworth at the lalter's home nnd there may be enough men prominent in politics at this affair lo give it a tinge other than social. ,' i Cincinnati. Sept. 21. The following 1; the address of ; President Taft on the opening of the Ohio river dam at Cincinnati today. "My Friends and l ellow Citizens: Since I left this, my old home. more, than ten years ago, I have been. -able to revisit it onlv a few tlnvs, anil then it was not for more than n day j rr two at ft time I welcome my op- J portunity to meet old frlen Is and to renew old associations, for here, after i mv official duties are discharged al Washington, 1 expect to ret:rn and spend the rest of my life. In ten years great charges can come o er a j community. The one that strikes mo most Is tlie fact that I have to recog- ' r.lze the most active men and women of the community today, not by recollecting recol-lecting their own faces, but by their resemblance to their fathers and their I mothers." j President Taft here referred to the i development of the city In aesthetic j And material lines and continued: "Today you are celebrating the opening of another great Improvement, Improve-ment, which must, In the future, have r-.ucli to do with the business growth ot the city. 1 mean the imnrovement of the Ohio river from Pittsburg to Cairo. It Is to this Improvement that I shall direct ruy remarks this after- . noon. 'The distance from Pittsburg to Olro by way of the Ohio river is miles. During the months of Febru-pry. Febru-pry. March and April, the river is full and has a depth of certainly nine feet from one CDd to the other for the purposes pur-poses of navigation. During: the months of August, September and October, Oc-tober, the river Is low and in many places at low water the' depth Is considerably con-siderably less than six feet. Notwithstanding Notwith-standing the difficulties of navigation, there Is today a transportation of freight on this river amounting to ovfr 9 OOO.nOO tons, and In the carriage car-riage of coal the cost r ton per mile that is, the cost of carrying a ton of coal one mile Is four-tenths of a mill a lower rato of transportation ihan Is kuown elsewhere In this country. coun-try. "The Ohio river drains an area of 210,000 square miles and In that area is a population of 120i),000. At the . head of the river Is the greatest iroa manufacturing center In the world, find In its immediate vicinity is one ol the greatest coal producing terrl torles Along the river, from It.s fonrce to its mouth, are the seats of various manufacturing Industries, and the country tributary to the river produces various kinds of agricultural agricul-tural products. Not only do the pro-. pro-. ducts differ between one end of the river and tho other, so as to suggest profit in extremes, but the river trap-ties trap-ties Into the Mississippi, and by the Mississippi is brought Into water com-niuncatlon com-niuncatlon with the south, where the product are so distinctly different from thou of the north and are so much In demund for consumption , there as lo lead to the rational ex- peclatiou that if the navigation of th? j two rivers were made practicable and imore economical than railroad communication, com-munication, there would 1h greater trade than now exists Thu plan to j Improve the Ohio river in its character charac-ter looks especially to the develop- ment of thl up-stream trade, i Many Lock6 Required. ' "There are now in the Ohio river some twelve or thirteen dams, with I : corresponding locks. The officii 1 plan I recommended by the army engineers J j provides for fifty-four now locks and ' I d3ms. w hich will make the up at ream I rflvlgatioe !n ordinary heights of wa-j tr something like Lae Michigan, ! from Celro lo Pittsburg, and will pre- i serve for the twelve months of tho ; year a constant depth of nine fct. i Lb'.t If it were known that evcrv j month of the year the Advantages of J low rates of river transportation could I j be had. we may rc-asoDably expect a j very much larger Investment of capi- tal In steamboats, tug b.ols and I barges, and very much greater regu I larity In the schedules for running tbem than now obtains. "In r: r iost instructlv.1 report, the United .st.i'en waterway.- commission. bendd by our Senator Rurion. hnv pointed out the dl.cuUles that are Inherent in river transportation In this count rv. and has shown with great clearness the advantages that lailrond transportation has over river transportation for constant .hi.s.ness use. Tb." chief dlfllcnlty Is the co3t of terminal or transfer charges, wherever the destination of the freight reonires the use of both river and raJroad, . - In loeir investigations abroad, the commission found that a great deal of money and time hail been spent In perfecting the terminals for river transtcrtution, and they deplore the entire absence of such terminals on many of the navigable rivers of this country. ' What, I think, we have reason ro expect is that. With the improvement of the river according to the plan proposed pro-posed and the possibility of lis con-(Innous con-(Innous use from one year's end to the other, with the development of an up-stream trade by reasons of the slack water, there will be a stndv of economical terminal faeilitiea and a profitable investment therein. Difficulties to Be Overcome. "The waterways commission poihts out that in localities where water-borne water-borne traffic has increased, as on the Great Ikes, careful and elaborate preparations have been made for tho handling of freight in the most economical eco-nomical manner. The equipment for the loading and unloading of freight at lake terminals in more advanced man anywhere else in the world. One of the advantages that the railroads have over the river arises from tho ready transfer of trafFc from one rail- road to another as compared with the transfer from water to land or laud to water, and this affects not I only the physical transfer of traffic. biU the through haul of cars without break of bulk. "In this connection we must nolo j the physical disadvantage of rivers, duo to the very considerable oscllla Hon in their levels, which makes It more difficult to provide convenient and adequare loading machinery and renders the receipt and shipment of freight proportionately more expensive. expen-sive. The variation of the Ohio river in Cincinnati Is over sixty feet, and there are similar variations at other I polnt-s along the Ohio and the Mis- slssippi. "It has lieen suggested that railways, rail-ways, as a rule, make a higher speed per hour and that the dlfrcrencc to be traversed between terminals Is usually usual-ly shorter by rail, and also that the ! ra.lway is more tellable in its schedules sched-ules "With respect to these difficulties, however, an examination shows an average rate of speed of a railroad car loaded with freight is not much gi eater than would be the speed of a tugboat and barges on one of our rivers; riv-ers; and If we could have a river navigable at all times of the year at the same depth there would seem to be no reason why schedules could not. be made quite as regular as those upon up-on railways. Inventors and river TAFT SOUNDS NOTE OF WARNING (Continued Fr .ni Page One.) a.s to complete all the dams In twelve years. I wish that congress had arranged ar-ranged to expend the money in less time and complete the work, for its completion is not alone Important for the immediate benefit that It will confer con-fer commercially on the valley of the Ohio, but It is important to vindicate or to discourage further Investments of this kind In other directions. I eo mostly hope that the time may come in the not distant future when the plan for completing this Ohio river riv-er improvement shall be changed so as to make the time six years for completion Instead of twelve Evils to Guard Against. "The evil in a corrupt control of a congress or a legislature by private Interests Is manifest and always call3 for condemnation. But there is another an-other kind of legislative abiine as dangerous dan-gerous to public weal in certain of its aspects as corruption, and that is the selfish combination of representatives of the majority of the constituencies to expend the money of the govcrn.-ment govcrn.-ment for the tomrorary beneiil of a part or with l.ttle benefit to the whole. It is the duty of the majority and (he minority to legislate always Tor the benefit of the whole people, and any enactments that look to the selfish exploitations of less than the. w-hole is a species of legislative abuse that comes very near corruption in its effeeti veuess, perhaps more dander- mis than corruption, because those who support such a combination are generally bold In It? defense. "The days of tho pork barrel should be numbered The country Is roused nualnst corporate or corrupt control of legislative agencies, but it is doubtful doubt-ful whether the constituencies as yet are able to perceive th higher obli-. gation en the part of themselves and their representatives not to use their votes In combination to appropriate to a part thai which belongs to i h 3 s hole" |