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Show PAGE SIX THE BINCHAM BULLETIN. BINGHAM CANYON, UTAH In the two pictures above, reproduced from a 4 ' ' T contemporary mrgaxlne, the top panel Is labeled TjrtZEiS --KUSZ? "Indian Lodges at Medlelne Creek, KSnsas 8cene of the Lets Indian Peace Treaty," and the bot-tom, "Council at Medicine Creek Lodge With the Kiowa and Comanche Indiana" The portraits of Little Raven and Satanta are from the Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, b ties and pane; beadwork and other sandy finery; old moccaslna, chunk of lately killed buffalo, atews cooking In the kettles, dogskins, an ante-lope and elk hides, pipes, tom-tom- s and war clubs, horn (TUbblns'hoe, scraplna- - Instruments, stone hammers, headleas arrows and broken bows; In-dl-dolls lay promiscuously on the around near the wig-war- and bone saddles In heaps: wicker cradles ty the score, while, bowline and barking, were Indian doga. Youn it braves and boys romped In a complete state of nudity, with the exception of an apology for a breach clout. In the shape of a narrow rag. Leapfrog and baseball after their own fashion were the principal games. A few burled the toma-hawk at target, while others practiced with beadles arrows. Girt ten year eld and upward wreetled and fought, their light, agile form per-forming wild circumgyrations in lbs air. All these scenes transpired before our eyes, and were very Interesting to pernors who bad never een each before. Of some of the Important Indian figures at the council, this correspondent gives the following Interesting picture: The following chiefs were at the grand eouneil held today, representing their respective e (Toung Bear, head chief): (Painted Lips); (Iron Mountain); Par-er- - By ELMO SCOTT WAT80N NIC of the most Important events in the history of the western plnlns Is being 1 recalled during the week of Octolor 1 12 to 14. when the sixtieth annlversnry - of the famous Medicine Lodge Indian y peace treaty Is being observed at Medicine Lodge. Kan, with approprl-at- e ceremonies. The principal jcre-- f mony Is a historical pageunt, written snd directed by Prof. F. L. Ollson. bead of the department of speech at the State Teachers' college of Emporia. In which United States troops, Indians from Oklahoma and citizens of Kansas are taking part In portraying the events lending up to and Including the peace council and the signing of the treaties more than half a century ago. A monument marking the spot where the treaty was signed Is el."o being unveiled, and although there bos In the past been some dispute as to the ctuid alt, Ihfif question wns nettled last year when a famous Kiowa I::dlr.n scout who, as a young man, had been present at the council, came up from Oklahoma uml ilcf.iiiielr located the place. This old Kiowa warrior had the distinc-tion of being mr.de a sergeant In the United States army by an act of congress for his serv-ices lo Ihe government In keeping peace among his tribesmen an honor which he prized nntll his death on March II. 1027. He remembered that the distinguishing feature of the council grounds was a circle of trees and It was by these, although only the stumps (shown In the picture) now remain, that he located place. The Medicine Lodge council and treaty was one of the blgb iots In the series of Indian wars which had broken out soon nf.'er the close of the CIvll war. The red men saw with dismay the threatened extinction of the buffalo and the . overrmning of their choicest bunting grounds and they had evo: greater cause for alarm at the appearance of the "Iron horse" as the westward extension of the railroads began. The unrest among the Sioux ond other tribes of the northern plains, which hurt begun when the first California gold seekers had Invaded their lands and which had resulted In the Fort Phil Kearney tragedy, soon spread among the tribes of the southern plains and led to a series of raids which spread terror through Kansas. Military expeditions sent 4o panlah the marauders had comparatively little success. 'General Hancock's exiedltlon, perhaps (be best known of all of them. In four months of campaigning killed a total of four tndluns! Gen eral Custer's campaign during the summer of 1807 along the Republican and Smoky Hill rivers had proved futile and the Indian raids In Kansas, Nebraska and along the South I'latte In Colo-rado continued unchecked. So the government 'decided to try peace overtures Instead of military force to solve the problem. One of the best accounts of the Medicine Lodge treaty Is that given by George Bird Grlnnell In his book, "The Fighting Cheyennes." In It he says: Colonel Leavenworth, then arjent for the Kiowa and Comanches, had been ordered by the com-missioner of Indian affairs to try to bring together ell the tribes that had been hostile, and to make 'a peace with them. In order to do this. Colonel Leavenworth wrote to George Bent, aBklna; him to fio what he could to persuade some of the head men among the Indians tu come In, and meet Leavenworth at the mouth of the Little Arkansas river where ihe Wlchltaa were then living. . . . When Black Kettle, chief of the Cheyenne, was consulted about the matter, he expressed his to go. and he and Bent, with two or three pther men and women, started to go to the mouth of IK Little Arkansas. There they found Colonel Leavenworth, and - camped with him were Ten Heart and Long Hat, chiefs of the Comanches; Wolf Sleeve of the Apaches and Blsck Eagle, a young chief of the Klowas, with two or three of hi people. Three Arapahoe came In the same day that Bent and Black Kettle reached there. One of ttuse waa a subchief named Yellow Horse. The day after these people got In, Colonel Leav-enworth met the chiefs and explained to them that Ji had been ordered by the commissioner of Indian affair to meet some of the chiefs of the different tribe and discuss the question of peace, and to ask them to select a place where they would mee commissioner who were to come out from Wa.h-tnito- n to talk matters over, and make a peace if tbis could be arranged. . . . Colonel Leaven-worth now returned Jo Fort Larned for further Instructions and asked Bent to remain at the mouth of the Little Arkansas until further orders. Leavenworth was gone about a month. ... On hi return he read Bent a letter announcing that Thoma Murphy, the superintendent of Indian attain for the district. wa already at Fort Larned and that great quantltle of good war being 4 blpped In there for distribution to the Indian. After some negotiations as to where the council ' was to be held and some more time spent In send-ing messengers to the Indians to get their prom-ise to attend, the site was finally fixed. A few doys after this. Murphy moved out to Medicine Lodv creek and selected a spot for the council ground. It was a wide, level flat on th north side of th stream, with timber above and below, and good camping place. .. . . Murphy was camped ther for about a month before th Commissioner oam and during all thla time alx-mu- le team were busy hauling out good and pres-ent from Fort Larned. Among th thing sent out were a herd of beef cattle; much coffee, sugar and flour and dried fruit and a vt quantity of blanket and clothing, material mad up for th .um of troop during th Civil war and at It close left over In the hand of th War depart-ment Th War department had turned this cloth-ing over to th Interior department for lau.to th Indian. ... Th pear commlsiloner left Fort Larned October 13, 1867, fur th camp on Medicine Lodge. Word had been received from Thoma Murphy ibt he already had 431 lodge of people on the ground and expected many more. II believed ther would be S.000 Indian at th council. Beside th er (they wer N. O. Taylor, commissioner of Indlnn affairs: Senator John B. Hndcron of Missouri: Gen. W. T. Sherman: Gen. W. U Harney; Ge J. B. Sanborn: Gen. A. II. Terry: Gen. C. a Augur, and Col. 8. F. Tappan), the Indian depart-ment was represented by Superintendent Murphy, Colonel Leavenworth. Major Wynkoop, Colonel Rankin and John Smith. Interpreter. General Augur reached the camp a little later. He had been ordered to Join the commission, to take the pine of General Sherman, who had been recalled to Washington. . . . Ther were present also Governor Crawford (of Kanvas), Governor Root and Sena-tor Rosa The secretary was A. 8. H. Whit. Th occasion was on of Importance. Th commission wa escorted to th place of meeting by three trotpii of the Seventh cavalry (Custer regiment-G- en. K. a Godfrey, then a lleutennt, and probably th only officer of th Seventh who attended th council now alive, waa attached to the escort) nd a battery of Catling gun. A number of newspaper correspondent wer present, among them H. M, Stanley, then correspondent of th New York Herald and afterword famous a n Afrlcn explorer. (An Interesting account of th council I given In Stanley' "Early Travel and Adve-nture.") In fact, the Medicine Lodge council would be notable for the galaxy of famous frontier connected with It In some capacity or other, If for nothing else. For In addition to these d Its history, contains the names of Col. A. O. Boone, grandson of the famous Kentucky pioneer, and Gen. Kit Cnreon, who had been active In the preliminary arrangements and of some of the famous Indian chiefs who took part In IL Among these were Lone Wolf, Satanta, Satank and Kicking Bird of lilack Kettle, Medicine Arrow and Bull Bear of the Che3ennes and Little Itaven, Spotted Wolf and Yellow Bear of the Aropahoes. The old files of the newspapers which were represented by correspondents at the council reveal some interesting sidelights on this historic event For Instance, In the New York Tribune for October 23, 1S67, nn echo of the Iudian's resent- - ment against the white man for wasteful slaugh-ter of the buffalo Is heard In this paragraph from - the Tribune correspondent's dispatch: On th thirteenth we reached Medicine Lodge creek at a point eight miles from the Indian vll-- . lages. Satanta, who was with us. waa very cross because the young bloods accompanying the expedi-tion hnd shot the buffalo and left them where they fell. Said he, as the angry blood mounted up to his face, "Ha the white man become child. that he should kill the buffalo for eportT When the red men kill, they do o that they may live." It was a most reckless, extravagant course to pur-itu- e undoubtedly, and an unprejudiced man could not blame him for his language. ; The scene which greeted the eyes of the com-missioners and other members of the party upon their arrival at the Indian camp la thus described by this same correspondent : Th camp was strewn with the moil miscella-neous article that could be conceived. Dog, half eaten up, untanned buffalo robe, axe, not. kt- - eh-v- e (Wl 8hleld): (Without Wealth), th whole consisting of 100 lodges. Of th iCiowae Sat-an-- ta (Whit Bear), had sacheia; Black Eagle; (Stumbling Bear): Sa-ta- (Sitting Bear)! (Kicking Bird), th whole tribe numbering 150 lodge. Of th Arapahoe, Llttl Raven, head casliu Orcat Arapahoe nation; Spotted Wolf; Storm; Tel-lo- Bear; Powder Face, and Ice, representing 171 lodgea. Th Apaches, numbering Is all I! lodge wer rep resented by the head warrior, Wolf Sleeve, and the chief. Poor Bear, Iron Bhlrt and Crow. Th Cheyenne trlb wa represented by Black Kettle, formerly great sachem of th tribe, but who ha lately been deposed because of hi peace-ful proclivities, and Bull Bear, a mot powerful warrior, I substituted Instead. Bull Bear, chief of the Dg band, was also present, present head warrior of th Cheyenne tribe: Big Tall Bull; Heap of Bird; Slim Face; Black Whit Man, and Ory Head, representing In all 150 lodge. These chief were dressed In th moat mnner. Their face wer dyed with red echr. with eurlou hieroglyphic drawn In othr color on their cheek. Their head-d- r wer of a very unique cut eagle feather In plenty stuck In clrcl all standing ereot and forming headdrea resembling a crown. Their ar wer hung with bras ring of every lx. ranging from on Inch to tare In diameter. Their clp lock wr plaited and hung down th back adorned by a string of Hver plates reaching to th heel. On their breasts were shields of curiously carved shell, enormous silver crosses, and llver medal. Their wrist and linger wer Incased In ring of bras. Their feet wer covered with moccaslna strung with bead of evry color, worked tn the shape of flowers, leave, ring. tar and any other way that their vivid fancy could devl. Black Kettle wore on his head a tall dragoon bat, while flowing over hi shoulder and trailing on th ground was a long robe of the finest blu cloth Other chiefs had gaudy blanket Interwoven with fancy color. Some had Mexican erapes, while the rest wore blue, red. black and green blanket " The negotiations and distribution of presents dragged on for three weeks and although a treaty was signed. In the long run It came to little. The main point agreed upon by the Indians was that they were to remain Bouth of the Arkansas river and to refrain from molesting the whites. ' The commissioners made ' various promises to feed and clothe the red men and give them other presents. As It turned out. the terms of the treaty were lived up to strictly by neither the whites nor the Indians, and the next two years saw continued ' fighting. For, as Grlnnell has pointed out, "th? giving of a few presents and the signing of treaties by a few chiefs would not appease the Indians, whose livelihood, the buffalo, was beins; destroyed and driven away." So the Inevitable clash of the two Irreconcilable points of view fil lowed. Although Medicine Lodge failed to estab llsh a permanent peace. It Is notable for s one of the greatest gatherings of Indians ever held In the West and as a dramatic spectacle lt memory bas lived and is being perpetuated In this year. HOW MRS. WEAVER WAS HELPED By Taking Lydia E. PinUuun's Vegetable Compound as Hrt Wearer herself says, 1 wan sever very strong." This to a mild i i etatement descrlh. .,., "3 In ber condition, for, according tober loiters, the was sub- - f( J Jected to no small If amount of 111 health. Vv- Fortunately, her sis--' C-- tor was familiar y V... with Lydla E. Pink-- "'" Jvs." ham's Vegetable Compound and , begged Mrs. Weaver CJ to try It. "Alter Ifc" "Mthrea or four weeks," writes Mrs. Weaver, "I felt a great difference in myself. I would go to bed and sleep sound, and although I could not do very much work, I seemed stronger. 1 kept on taking it and now I am well and strong, do my work and , V take care of three children. I sure do tell my friends about your wonderful medicine, and I will answer any letters from women asking about the Vege-table Compound." Mas. Lawef.ncs Weaves. East Emlthfleld St, ML Picas ant, Pa. It you knew that thousands of women suffering from troubles similar " to those you are enduring had improved their health by taking Lydla B. Pink-ham- 's Vegetable Compound, wouldn't you think It was worth a trial? In some families, the fourth genera-tion is learning the merit of Lydla E. Plnkham's Vegetable Compound. Hanfard's Balsam of Myrrh Since 1S40 Has Healed Wounds and Sores on Maa and Beast Stop Coughing The moryou coujth th worn you feci, and the mon Inflamed your throat and lungs become. Give them a chance tg heal. Soschee's Syrup nan been rlvtne; relief for sixty-on- e years. Try It. Co and 90c bottles. Buy It at your drug itcre. G. O. Green, Ino, Woodbury, N. J. . jflgHURT? v? tv SFor bom irf-o- valy IM, sjP S ia rII.T (nfl.imm.- - C 4B Pp'tloa Bw).ornt t,,o Ulirlwll I V S Kr Salv. ecardlrs to dirM-- ttaoa. booi hiiis, bMlinc. ' BAtr, aaocxii let wTMir rii M Trt Skinieu "Hot Dog" The thornless rose and seedless orange are Joined now by the skinless "hot dog." The frankfurters are In a synthetic vegetable cov-ering Instead of the usual mem-branous skin. The vegetable Jacket Is removed after the "dogs" take shape and before they are shipped o market from the factory. Popular Science Monthly. The BABY I ; $ , . t-t- 'twm Why do so inuny, inutiy babies of to-day escape all the little fretful spells and Infantile ailments that used te worry mothers through tlte day, and keep them up half the night? If you don't know the answer, you haven't discovered pure, harmless Cus-torl- It is sweet to the taste, and sweet in the little stomach. And Its gentle Influence seems felt all through the tiny system. Not even a distaste-ful dose of castor oil does so much good. Fletcher's C'astorla is purely vege-table, so you may give It freely, at first sign of colic; or constipation; or diarrhea. Or those many times when you "Just don't know what it the mat ter. For real slekness, call the doc tor, always. At other times, a few drops of Fletcher's Castoria. The doctor often tells you to do Just that ; and always says FMchcr's. Other preparations may be Just as pure. Just as free from dangerous drugs, hut why experiment? Besides, the book on caro ar fl feeding of babies that comes with Fletcher's Castoria Is wrth lis weight In trnlii ! ' . Children Cry for r - !flsss252-a5- 5 Charging Rate Is Factor in Choice Different Type of Charger; High Rate I Better for the Battery. Before purchasing ar battery charger, the amount of attention you are able to give during the process of charging Is an Important considera-tion. This results, also. In a decision respective to the charging rate that It Is desired to use. A short article In the Radio Broadcast Magazine covers the subject in the following words: "There are many different types of 'A battery chargers now available; some of them are satisfactory for use as trickle chargers and others only efficient when used to charge the but-tery at comparatively high rates of charge. The charger employing an electrolytic type of rectifier, for ex-ample, Is very well adapted for use In trickle charging. It Is very efficient, requires little attention, and has long life. The Dry Crystal. "Another very satisfactory type of rectifier for a trickle charger Is the dry crystal, which was de-veloped rather recently. A third type of rectifier that can be nsed for trickle charging U the Tungar. but It Is not especially efficient as a trickle charger, because of the comparatively large amount of power required to heat Its filament "There are three types of rectifiers that are satisfactory for nse In high-rat- e charging. They are the Tungar, the vibrator type, and the new car-tridge recently developed by Ray-theon. All of these chargers are capa-ble of delivering .fairly large amounts of rectified current for charging a bat-tery and are fairly efficient when de-livering these currents. Efficiency of the Methods. "There Is little to be said regarding the comparative efficiency of the two methods of charging. Trickle charging has the advantage that It requires somewhat less attention than does high-rat- e charging, but It has the dis-advantage that It Is somewhnt diff-icult to determine Just what the best rate of trickle charge should be In or-der to prevent the battery from being overcharged or undercharged, also slow rates of charge nsed In trickle chargers are hard on a battery. With a trickle charger, a stor-age battery can be used because It Is not called upon to supply any great amonnt of current for a long period of time. "With high-rat- e charging, on the other band. It Is usual to charge the battery every on or two weeks and also a fairly large storage battery Is necessary In order that It will have sufficient capacity to supply the re-ceiver between charges. It seems to be generally agreed among battery manufacturers, however, that the high charging rate Is somewhat better for the battery In that It makes possible longer life. For best results," con-cludes the article, "the chnrglng rate should gradually taper off as the bat-tery becomes charged." Trickle Charger Must Have Proper Attention The trickle charger employs 8 chem-ical solution to change the alternat-ing house current to pulsating direct current for charging the battery. As current Is passed through this solu-tion certain chemical changes take place which bring about evaporation of the liquid. This chemical action coupled with evaporation due to at-mospheric conditions and room tem-perature, causes the level of the liquid to drop below Its point of greatest efficiency In a few weeks. To rectify this condition, distilled water should be added whenever the solution falls below the point of efficiency Indicated on the glass Jar. After considerable use, the trickle charger should be taken apart, the elements washed and new solution substituted for the old. This new solution can be obtained from the manufacturer of the charger. Easy Way to Compute Radio Electric Costs An easy way to get a clear picture of the cost of operating certain power sets and additional power equipment may be had from comparisons with electric light. The total current con-sumption of one set Is less than 50 watts. The light In the lamp next to the radio set Is probably a 40 watt, perhnps higher. A power amplifier, which Is Inserted between the set and the loud speaker, and which gives the appearance of being something that might consume a lot of current, has a consumption rate of 40 watts. Just leaving the lights orr tn one room may mean wasting twice as much current as Is being used to obtain the newer results with the radio set T-ib- e Placement Because new sets use different kinds of tubes for different positions. It Is a mistake to follow the old rule of shifting the tubes around In order to get tetter results As a matter of fact, the neutrodyne circuit even without a power tube In the last stage, is better off If the tube are no changed sbont Direction Finder and Accurate Direction A direction finder is nothing more thnn a loop or coll antenna, attache to a graduuted circle. There may also be a compass for orientating the lop and the graduated circle. It operates on the principle that when the loop is parallel to the wave front of the ad-vancing wave no signal whatsoever Is picked op. A light deviation from parallelism In either direction shows a signal. If the pointer Is attached to the loop In such a way that the point-er Is perpendicular to the plane of the loop, the pointer points directly to the station when the signal Is minima n or sero. or it points In exactly the oppo-site direction. To determine whether the station lies ahead or to the rear It Is neces-sary to the observations of two direction finders in different places, or else it Is necessary to take two observations with the Instruments located st some distance apart If the distance between these two points Is known It Is also possible to deter-mine the exact location of the station. This Is used In locating ships which are unable to take observations on the stars, for reasons of fog, clouds and so on. To get accurate directions with a direction finder It Is necessary to eliminate the antenna effect of the loop. Every loop acts as a miniature open-circu- it antenna, and the pick-u- p of this antenna is not directional. The effect of tlUs Is to unbalance the loop end give s wrong direction. However, by means of balancing condensers It U possible to adjust the loop so that the antenna effect Is nil. The direc-tion given is then the true one. How to Clean Soldering Iron With Least Effort It Is almost Impossible to make a good soldering connection with a dirty Iron. There are many ways la which an iron may be cleaned, some are very satisfactory, and others srenot recom-mended. One of the best methods U by dipping It In a tin of soldering paste at frequent intervals. It Is pos-sible to thoroughly clean an Iron with the least amount of effort by using neutralized soldering acid. The acid may be made by buying a small bottle of commercial muriatic acid at the drug store and neutralizing It by plac-ing a few small pieces of metallic zinc In the bottle. The sine to added In small quantities until the acid fails to dissolve any more. Use of soldering acid is not ldvlsable for cleaning Joints when soldering, but It Is excel-lent for cleaning the Iron. If the Iron la very dirty, It should next be re-moved with sal ammoniac when the IroQ la hot Next, while the Iron to fttlli hot solder should be applied on all sides In order to "tin" the Iron. K a thin coat of solder adheres to the Iron, It has been properly cleaned. On the other hand, if It Is found difficult to "tin" the Iron, It should be reheat-ed and treated with sal ammoniac. Nerve "If my daughter has accepted jna, why come to met" "I would like to get expert advice as to the advisability of marrying her." Boston Transcript Broadcasting on Higher Powers to Check Static Disclaiming any responsibility tor more than a fraction of e static" in radio receiving sets engi-neers of the National Electric Light association suggest broadcasting on higher powers and the development of less sensitive but more highly selec-tive sets as the means for eliminating this type of Interference. As a result of complaints that local electric supply facilities have caused many of the extraneous radio noises heard In radio sets, the companies that generate and distribute electric current several years ago set their re-search engineers to work on the prob-lem. Their findings, recently an-nounced, are to the effect that perhaps 10 to 20 per cent of the sources of trouble may be traced to electric light and power generation near by. Higher transmitting power, so that the signal strength will permit a pro-gram to "ride out" all such Interfer-ences, Is one way to solve the prob-lem, says the report Then there are possibilities In the development of sets less sensitive to regeneration, It continues, adding that this Is one of the problems that only the Industry It-self can solve. Get Best Service Out of Telephone Receiver To get the best quality out of a tele-phone receiver, the cap should not be too tight Loud-speak- horns should be centered well on the hole In the receiver. The dtuphragro Itself should also be In the center of the receiver case. This Is especially true In the lever type of receiver. The direction of connection of telephone receivers may make considerable difference In loudness as well as In quality. Try reversing the connections. The small vibrating metnl armature should be well centered between the magnets. A Word, of Caution Before turning on the house current always be sure that the rectifier tube Is in the socket of the "A" or "B" eliminator. If the line Is turned on before the tube Is Inserted .the high voltage In the secondary windings of the transformer may blow out the condensers shunted across this cir-cuit, since the accustomed load, the rectifier tnhe. Is mlsslna. Worth Remembering Ail the electrons will do their best In the production of good-qunllt- mu-sic from radio waves, and It Is large-ly a matter of common sense In giving them the best possible chance. The attempt to overwork then should be guarded against |