Show 9 tiie th alm ea tur tiar magazine at T the time of tile the dawn of history ak there dwelt in the high lands of central asia a people of unusual sia stature ture fairl fair hair lai and skin and blue eyes the men had heavy beards in contrast to the people about them tile the climate was hotin summer and extremely cold in winter they livedis lived in groups or clans and had no general government but followed tradition and got along by mutual consent they tilled the fields k kept t flocks and herds they had a strong strongly I 1 developed home life with one man married to one woman except in rare cases where for the sake of providing al a home for an otherwise helpless nv woman 0 n polygamy exited existed they wre were brave but peaceable and living at 1 peace bace among themselves they multiplied until their sterile and stony fields no longer would support them so it evanic necessary should emigrate I 1 there was another reason for their going to the east cast of them was another and ack very different race of men they ey were dark instead of fair fail beardless in stead of 0 bearded short and ana squat instead of tall and generously proportioned wanderers instead of settled settled filthy instead of clean slit c eyed ed ugly fierce polygamous living absolute chiefs they were in all respects an absolute contrast to their neighbors neighbor s they were also by instinct robbers murd murderous cious and merciless and they were p pres sag har liar dupon tile the eastern boundaries boundary acs ics of the fair ocole people already described adding to their determination e to mavd move these fair people called themselves aryans and they divided divide some of them crossing the mountains into india ivac where re th fh ey eit conquered the dark people and handmade made m ade themselves masters they tried by hn an elaborate ate caste system 10 to prevent of the races but the attempt li was kojl io altogether td successful fot though the upper classes are lighter tham the lower all are arc dark and the blue eyes of their aryan ancestors have c entirely disappeared others moved a little to 6 the west where they Alidy settled teria persia whose ancient name a iran bears testimony to its aryan origin armenia is is another country whose name shows s the same root others moved stilt further west to peopled people the whole of europe it is likely that the name europe eurove itself in spite of its it fabulous derivation from eaird europa pa came from aryan and this is is practically certain of erin and ireland tile the languages of celtic germanic greek and latin stems are assuredly off shoots of the old aryan stock everywhere they found a thin population of dark people whom for tile the most part tale aliey v absorbed and this is why amon among ourT airest population dark families and individuals are found but meantime what of oe their late aate neighbors the mongols Mon gols dirty filthy ferocious with eyes like slits and faces like the snouts of dogs A portion moved in i n after the aryans whit while e the remainder stayed in their an ancestral home Won mongolia golia these latter in the year 1220 A I 1 D burst forth upon an astonished world and conquered practically the whole wh of asia currying c arraying fire and ainas massacre wherever they went vent they even anter entered cd europe and laid the greater part bf russia at their feet it was centuries before the last relics of bf their power were gone and their own country subject to the chinese whom they had I 1 a t themselves ae conquered and despised the western branch living in the former habitation of the aryans aryan some of probably had lingered and been absorbed becaas ul callie a distinct savage people le known as the turks about the tenth century of the christian li ristian era cra a portion of these people issuing from turkestan Turk estan count country Fy of the burks swept into western asia found ame fed d a sort of national existence under th the e name of the Sel juks they th mingled ining led with the people they f found 0 und t there ere persians Ber arabians and tile the mixed populations descended from the ancient historic nations of that meeting place of the world they accepted the persian civilization tile the arabian language the mahometano Maho Malio religion but they never were united warre warred d among themselves and cut very little figure in the worlds history t it happened that in the year 1231 ra a 1 a hand of savage turks from froin the original inal beat s eat had I 1 h ad wandered vander cd into armenia and here the chief was drowned while crossing a river most of his h is men returned home but a hand band of four hundred families under the lead of shah a son of the we late chief wandered westward into asia minor keeping keckin an eye open of course for the plain main chance one day they carne came upon a plain where two armies were fighting and without asking a question at once espoused espohl e d the cause of the weaker this hits has been represented as a chivalrous deed but the probability is that the wily turk hada very good idea on which side his bread was buttered it proved that the contestant who was saved by this ti timely tely assis assistance fance was none other than the sultan i who properly grateful gave E a lot of some ons ones el else selan land d in the year the empire was shattered by the invasion of mongols mentioned above from the debris arose numerous petty principalities and these osman and his descendants conquered one by byone one the family and its followers took tile the name of or ottoman empire but western writers generally have persisted in calling them turks westward the reorganized barbarism made its way in 1357 they crossed into europeans europe and marched into G gallipoli illi poli they were assisted by what they regarded as a miracle an earthquake which threw down the walls of the resisting city caty the moslems marched across the fallen walls and tile the unfortunate inhabitants sub bitted believing with tile the conquerors that the L lord bid was on the side of the latter here they firmly entrenched them selves and A continued their gieir conque conquests sfa breake breaking ng tile the W weak balc and warring barring Chris christian christia fia states like s separate e p arate 1 sti stick s of a bundle As fast as the conquests w were ere made g great num numbers liers of the coni conquered que accepted the religion n an and d ila nationality 6 of the conquerors quer ors it N nasr va v a alicas 1 sing mg arid and exciting ZI b business they lived e aca b by plunder and when they died they were caught up in into to a heaven where they ha devery had every sensual delight which could appeal to a barbarian barbari aa at last the thereat ireat tragedy of the fall of constantinople occurred rad d thi the byzantine empire was ready to fall tria the result of wars between different forms of the catholic faith the onetime one time capital of the world the lie great Ebro european outpost against asiatic aia tic barbarism fell before a people of mongolian race and the ignorant and fanatical religion of mahomet the of may 1453 is the blackest day in the history of the world on that day the heroic resistance of the devoted inhabitants was overcome by assault and three ll hundred undred thousand savages were free to outrage plunder and murder at will the body of odthe the clam clain christian cm was doubtfully identified among the slain the head cut off and car carried in boastful pomp throughout the turkish dominions for three days by word odthe of the sultan himself every soldier from forn r highest to meanest had the privilege to work his utmost will against the defence less persons and property of tile the conquered then the necessity th that a t a city to be ba proff profitable table to its conquerors must have inhabitants moved the vile beast of a sultan to call a check upon his beastly followers the flag of the turks up ill to this time had been a blood red fed banner without any other design most appropriate it may generally generalli lk be agreed now lie he added the cri crescent scent and star of byzantium y zan the name constantinople constant an fn in the mouths of these ignorant savages sav 1 pe became b ca I 1 ne stamboul which is its designation in m the moslem world today to day the surviving christian population lived on oft in a state of degraded submission they the were nvere forbidden to bear arnis arms and had little chance of flis justice tice in dealing with their malio maho n le t an neighbors beig labors yet there must be somebody midy to support the lazy and luxurious conquerors so they were allowed all 0 wed to carry on oil their usual work and business and permitted to keep enough of their earnings to encourage them to continued industry austry the Ettro european conquests continued an d the sultan had the idea of adding rome to his conquests but at ins death in 1481 this plan was abandoned by his successors who turned their theia attention to the conquest of tile the neighboring moslem stated egypt and syria passed under turkish rule persia was humbled and hultai vi made himself hims cl in addition to his position as temporal rulers ruler what fot for convenience may be called pope of the ort orthodox hodo x M mahometano Maho alio world in 1529 they laid siege to vienna but were repulsed and at last the turk had ceased to be all conquering minor conquests among them cypress and tunis were made butin 1 1571 tha turkish fleet which had been considered invincible was annihilated by an allied christian aleci under the command of don juan of austria i once more the turks attempted to carry out ut their ambitious plan of world dominion and undertook the ilic conquest of germany german with a host of half a million strong including a vast number of savage I 1 mongols Mon gols they appeared before vienna which they undoubtedly would have taken but bui for the gallant ballani assistance odthe of the noble polish king john sobieski how germany repaid this assi assistance siance every student of history knows the turks were defeated utterly and this was tile the end of their ambitious plans the sultan as his best and only consolatory course hanged the leader of his defeated army since then they have been concerned to keep what they have austria recovered what she had lost and russia began whacking away at the sultans dorn dominions inions in 1774 a treaty was forced upon turkey which included a promise to protect lice her christian subjects a promise winch which though constantly broken never has been permitted to be withdrawn and has in in consequence made turkey less and less of an independent power it also had the effect in some degree of stopping the conyer conversions to I 1 slam islam which had gone on oil f for or three centuries among the de despairing christian population atthe beginning of the last century turkey had ceased ta to 0 be formidable because cause while the nations of western europe evere making progress turkey with its idiotic and unprincipled religion found progress linhoss lin poss bac it would have been long ago wi wiped ad off the map if it were not that the jealousies of the christian powers has always raised up a friend for the sultan as often as re quiren the position of england in in th this i s matter has been N peculiar culiar being determined largely by the politics of tile the existing in 9 administration the tories as con sis delit enemies of liberty and human rights have faith faithfully fulli supported the sultan while the liberals have avide hatred of the unspeakable aurta part of their creed the tendency to dea defend what is is indefensible is found in every land and those of our own owl country who have a natural bent to ward have not hesitated to defend and excuse oppression wherever found one new york paper has consistently defended turkish atrocities 4 throughout a gen generation cration past th the C artist homer davenport who fiaux had a glimpse of the sultan without aspea speaking to him said in a magazine article dc scrib ing that event that while there was no nd doubt that the sultan had ordered the massacre of a vf hundred thousand defenseless fen seless armenians Armen ians lie he was sure sur e that re did it in ill all kindness of heart because be chuse lie he tile the artist had act actually u ally see seen nAlie alie sul his ten year old son on oil tile the head I 1 during a century past ilie tha turkish dominion has been wasting slowly away greece became free egypt gained a partial independence and later passed under the control of england the balkan provinces gained a part partial dependence pen dence and after the war with russia 1877 78 their ilice r complete independence had to be conceded russia and austria lal helped themselves to slices of turkey greece gained additional territory tunis ivas was ta taken ken by france arid and cypress Cypres sz b by england crete and aird other provinces have been protected by the powers and heavier restrictions have been bee 11 put jup 64 turkish opar oppression essio nand and finally in the present year a sudden revolt of the turkish arny threw the control of the ille nation into the hands of the reforming party asid aeed hw geow mi As assassin sassine as he he was named by gladstone to grift grant a constitution which promises rep representative resen tati ve government g equality for alp all races and creeds and a general reform of abuses |