Show Army Prepares to Rule Occupied Countries Officers Taught Characteristics of Beaten Nations to Assure Efficient Administration I I Specialists in Law Lav Finance and Communication Recruited for Service Training Aim Is to Win Tin Conquered Foes Foe's Friendship Looking ahead to the time when land now under Axis domination domination domination dom- dom will win be wrested from them the army is operating a school of military government under general supervision of the provost marshal general at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville Designed to train officers for future duties in military government government government gov gov- and liaison work the school provides a highly intensified intensified intensified 16 weeks' weeks course for qualified commissioned officers inthe in inthe inthe the army of the United States and to a small number of civilians with specialized training The members of this latter latter latter lat lat- lat lat- ter group are commissioned in the specialist reserve section Officers Reserve corps prior to their attendance at the school When the United States army captures territory from the enemy it is the responsibility of the commanding general of that particular theater of operations to set up a military government government gov gov- I gov-I over the occupied land He becomes military governor and Is in supreme control until such time as asIt asit asit it is possible to re establish a civil government It is extremely difficult for the commanding generals general's regular staff to handle the V countless details V involved in the adI administration ad ad- I ministration of ot a military government govern covern V e v I ment due to the 1 press of their other oth oth- V I er duties and the specialize specialized knowledge knowledge knowl knowl- edge required inmany in inmany many cases Thus C. C W. W V. V the war depart depart- Wickersham meat ment through the school of military government and other special schools is training officer personnel to act as top administrative officers and ond as junior officers in military governments under the direction of ofa a theaters theater's commanding general A pool of technical talent has also been established the members of which are called upon to fill technical technical technical tech tech- and advisory posts Military Government Designed Deigned To Win Conquered People The experience gained in odd 20 occupations during our history is valuable as is that gained by other of the United Nations whose experience experience experience ence is available to us The policy of the United States army in regard recard to military government and the one on which the teachings of the school are based is as follows The military government should be just humane and mild as practicable practicable practicable and the welfare of the people governed go should always he be the aim of every person engaged therein The school of ot military government obtains its students from recommendations recommendations recommendations of the 10 service commands various supply and administrative divisions of the war department the commanding generals of the various armies from rom personal applications of officers between the grades of captain and colonel and from a selected selected se se- se few of the specially qualified civilians commissioned in the Specialist Specialist Reserve section Officers Reserve Reserve Re Re- serve corps who are members of the reserve pool of technical and professional specialists cre created ted by bythe bythe bythe the provost marshal general Those with experience and training train train- ing log in the fields of public works transportation gas electric and water systems finance taxation monetary systems etc public health sanitation medicine disease control education supervision of school systems public safety maintenance of order prevention of crime legal lecal supervision of military mili tary tory and civil courts g postal service telegraph telephone tele telephone phone etc public welfare care of infants children the needy and aged and economics supervision of agriculture manufacture and trade are selected for further detailed detailed de de- de tailed instruction at the school Teach Principle Principles of Government Character of Enemy Countries Instruction at the school of military mill mili tary government is of two types a lecture program and a program of ot practical problems Under the first students are taught the principles of military government government gov gov- military courts proclamations ordinances state and municipal municipal municipal governments international law lawand lawand lawand and public administration They are also given detailed information regarding regarding re re- re garding the conditions and characteristics characteristics characteristics charac charac- of ot the countr countries es and regions which may be occupied Under the second the class divIded divided divided divid divId- ed first into small committees actually actually actu actu- ally conceives plans for the setting up of military governments in irs tain tairi selected cities countries and regions This affords students pr practical c. c experience in applying the principles principles prin prin- and methods they have studied in the lecture program Many factors must be taken into consideration before determining the particular type of military government government government govern govern- ment to be set up in each territory Location is important whether Important whether it lies in the combat zone in the zone of oi communications or Is an occupied country after the armistice This TIll condition greatly affects the procedure procedure procedure dure on questions having to do with protection of food and water supplies supplies sup sup- plies rationing of or food and clothing guarding of banks and public buildings buildings build build- ings lags establishment of blackouts etc ete The final exercise in the course given civen at the school consists of drawing draw ing lag up plans for military government govern covern ment of the principal enemy coun coun- tries These final plans are put to practical use by the army They are studied by the proper authorities for any valuable suggestions they may contain as regards to actual methods of operation when enemy countries are occupied Students' Students solutions are studied by research groups n at t the school for the purpose of perfecting and refining them for future consideration and employ employ- ment mente The commandant of the school of military government is BrigGen C. C W. W Wickersham a prominent lawyer lawyer lawyer law law- yer in civilian life General Wickersham Wickersham Wickersham Wicker- Wicker sham is a veteran of the last World war var in which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal and the Legion of Honor Prior to his appointment appointment ap ap- as commandant of the school h he served as assistant chief of staff 2 G first army In addition to the school of mili mill tory tary government courses In military government are offered at the provost pro I yost marshal generals general's training center cen cen- ter Fort Custer Mich to selected Junior officers and enlisted men of the corps of military police These courses are designed to train men for future assignment to occupational occupation al police units in areas taken over overby overby overby by our armed forces Washington Determines Determine Policy Army Administers Such Policy Since the army's mission Insofar as military government Is concerned Is 15 primarily an administrative one many underlying policies of such a government cannot be determined by the war department The politIcal politIcal political ical policy will be set by the state department the thc fiscal policy by the treasur treasury department the thc Federal I Reserve board etc Because of this limitation the thc army selects a certain certain tain lain number of technicians for military military mili mill tary government go work from the nominations nominations nom nom- of certain government agencies agencies agen agen- cies such as state treasury and I commerce departments Board of Economic Warfare etc These technically qualified civilians civil lans ians are formed into a pool They rue ire commissioned in the specialist reserve section Officers Reserve corps but kept on an inactive status until needed They may be called caned to active duty for a training period not to exceed four months during which time they will receive army indoctrination courses and special instruction at selected colleges and universities on the areas to which they may subsequently be assigned as required In addition certain civilian agencies have been asked to tomake tomake tomake make special studies in the field of I international law and economics the results to be incorporated with existing ex ex- information on military gov gov- I Besides training officers for military mill mili tary government the provost marshal mar general also trains liaison of With American troops stationed stationed sta sin In many United Nations countries countries coun coun- tries and territories all over the world friendly contact between our soldiers and civil governments and civilian populations Is of prime Im Ira- To further this rela relationship relationship relation relation- tion- tion ship and to promote a bett better r understanding understanding under under- standing between these groups Is the important duty of our of-our our army's liaison officers |