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Show HOW MME. COFE B FOUND RADIUM H Jtrugged Many Months With Rof. H Use of Pitchblende Mines. GAVE IT ALL TO SCIENCE HrU' New It Is Proposed to Present a $100,- BBT 0C0 Thimbleful to Her When She BBf Visits This Country In the Spring BBT Women of America Are Gathering BB the Neceatary Funds Mme, Curie BB Has Found New Startling Qualities BB In Bftf When Madame .Mm rlc Curie ni-rlie Bft) l'ic I roin I 'nil ncxi Muj. says n New B' Vink dispatch, -hi' niii, be presented BBJ M. by tile women of Atnrriiii us has itl- 'J ready I, ecu announced, ufili a lulie K en ihililiig inic giiimmo nf nullum BBJ till I'llllllKII'llM' Cll'IIU'llt MllHllllIC I'lll'U' BBJj , til emcteil mill gttc li i In- world In BY 1 BBJ i I'lif reason for tills glfl Is 1 1 diet BBJ i( II, mi ulthniigli Madame 'iirli knows BBJ i fin'iv fimiiMtiliiK radium nnd Km o- BBJ A toitlalltlcs t f in ts nii.v living soul, she BBJ V? i'. not, because ii r her geiicroslly, B, J Riii' grain wllh which li conduct ex- BBJ j pertinents mid ri"-cnrrli wmk, which BBJ ' trill wean so iimcli to ( lie wot hi nt BBJ lures 'I'll'1 gramme, which will cost BBJ flOO.tKMi. enn he contained hi n small BBJ ( Ihlmhlc, nml tlicrc wilt he consider- BBJ '; able room spare. BBJ Dr. Robert Abbe, the noted surgeon BBJ t fif New York, Ih aiding the Mine. Curia BBJ ' ttiiilhim Committee In ItH effort to BBJi gather tin' necessary fund, lie was BBJ tin' pioneer In (lie use of radium In BBS ,( Hits cniiiitry, nml Is one of the few BBL- iclentlsls wlio hiiKMvort;iMl sldc'liy side BBjT rIiIi Mine. Curie In I'ifrls, She has B? frequently expressed the highest re- BB writ for li tm. BBJ j Dr. Abbe hns-written for nlcdlcal BBt' history n hook entitled "Mme. Curie," BBJ ific manuscript of which was recently BBJ oinplctol. Tho surgeon has gUen BBJ hi (Die New York Times nn excerpt BBJ ' fruln one nf ttu chapters of thin Work. BBJ tvhlch throw inucli 'liitcicstlng lluht h (Mi- .Him.'. turn's discovery oi milium. HBc Important '.Discovery. BBV "No woiniui I'liciiKod In purely set BBJ (ntlllc wurk," mii.vm Dr. A hi io, "Iiiih ever BBJ ' 'ncn nrcorili'il lioimr for nccoinpllsh- BBJ . nii u discovery ho huporlmit to the BBJ . Ivurld nml to science ns Mine. Curie BBJ (dim ticuii for her d'heiuery of nullum. BBJ k "Other women have lieen creillteil BBJ villi deeper nml wider scleiitllla knowl- BBJ i nlpu; other women 'Imv'e Vnt ii)on. BBJ tin ones, unit, ultliroyul iirlVlK'gi, BBJ liuvc iimilc tdstory, hut no other worn- BBJ 1 in, liy slieer force of energy mid tiniln BBJ I niwer, luii pursued a trail Into nn BBJ unknown Jungle,, unit hroiiKlit to llRht BBJ f such, nn urnusieited new f.ictor in the BBJ I iMirld'K make up? which has liml such BBJ ' rcvoluilonnry Iniluencc In science. BBJ ft "No one enn say that ohe sliuuhlcd BBJ f Mi (IiIk hy chance. Thuru es:lsted, BBJ '' Irst of nil, n cnuiitptc education In BBJ tliemlHlry mid pliyHJen, without vihh:h BBJ ;( the llret utep could not have heen BBJ t taken. .Secondly, the energy, the doin- BBJ 1 Inntlni will, the real In pursuit, the BBJ I (mlcfatliinhle working power, the self- BBk& .j-Micrlllclii linivcry the xnme forces BBJ j k5'r tvhlch inndi' It ponMilt for l'enry to BBJ receh the .N'or'lh l'ole carried this ex- BBJ i t'lorer Into mi unknown wilderness. I11 "Wo wltiiesifi, In Mine. Curlu's re-fiircli, re-fiircli, oiiu of the uiost complete plecci of detective work that ever un- BBJ Mirthed n hidden mystery. BBJ . ".She who Iiiih elreti It ,-twny freely BBJ J loin' none, and cnu get none to puraue BBJ tuilher illscorery. Kvery year a new BBJ ' thniier hai to he written ahout It.. BBJ "A Mill more wonderful cbnptcr li BBJ mueu'tilcd. and It la the prlvllcso of BBJ (he women of thlx country to choo." BBJ tli' time to lay thli trlhute nt her BBJ feel a Hlft of raUluui, Instead of a BBJ tt i vn Hi of laurel with which hIic can, BBJ and, will, utvo hack to them n thou- BBJ "and fold more In value, n hoped-for BBJ revelniloii of lis medical power, when BBJ (ts forces can he tamed mid used In BBJ "aiirer- thnt dniid seourge. She has BBJ fiow'turned her thoiiKhtN to that line BBJ of lei'iircli. BBJ Led Simple Life. H "The -lory of Mine. Curie's lire Is BBJ fliople ns that of thoiiminiLs of BBJ oilier workers In the hiiiiih Held. Nev- BBJ erilielu.ss. we will ev that e.s&eutlal BBJ fi ii ' i'es were a preliminary trululuy BBJ In i'if-ileii.lnu' home life. Idcnlly Klin- BBJ . "i'. her fnllier lieliiH the l'l-ufeusor of BBJ I ovslcs nml Cliemlsto Io (he Unl- BBJ versliy of Warsaw. BBJ 'The magnetic pull of the renowned BBJ t'urls scIhsiIs, wlieie science had Its BBJ l'i.i'et ntuto.iphei'e of research, brought BBJ I'lT, w tl. score! of others, from ninny BBJ ' ( ,i.:, v?. .i I'-e l.'iUerslt) of l'urli. BBJL Uherii she was welcome, us nn ardent BBJ 'iideiii mid for two jears ohe lived BBJ its of students do. on the merest ne- BBJ rc-sltle-i of life In the Latin Quar- BBj lee plied hy the spirit of work, she BBt i . vM'leniued hy I'rofessor Ilecquerel BB li. 'It iciarimcui or I'liysles, und by BBJ I'riosoy Curie In chemistry, us a BBJf1 .m- i.Jnd itiit.: .. f.cd luJcnl. The BBJ fo rt'0 iiermltti'd I er as.iMance In BBjl il jiioldeni of uranium research to 8 m if tint nieiol iwuid shine when BBjr IiIoiikIiI into u ilurk imnu, mid, If It BBjf 't uiT:l(l tint lli-in aci like l):e BBJ iicui.i discovered X-ia. which hud BBjl I. . ;o,M'l' tO pilIM through Itllel. Hllt- Bf pi1'-' ' pnper? Bf-' 'Mil e-. perl men I W(s prepared with BJ1 a photographic phite enclosed In a B.' hiiK'k enveloie ou which u plex' of B iiriiiiiuio wns laid. While waiting for BK m sunny day this pinto wnfi laid In a BB dark dniwer, A .ortnlidit of doll BK I'arti. days passed. It xtus thousbt , v.iac in lost the freshness! of the plate I l. lieveiopln;,-It. To ihe. surprise of I ill, it dark spot appeared on It he 1 'ii'iuh where the mineral lud rested. "In a word, some unsuspected rays 'ad (,'ohe through Ihe hluck paper. This was the startling tiegl'iinlnK of Ihe discovery, llecljnerel rays hccnine the new wonder. Ity delicate tests ihi'A wore proved to he electrical. "Then begun Ihe pursuit. All Joined In It. Kvery form of uranium in laboratories labo-ratories was tested. '.Mine. Curie took ihe next great vep Hie deciding step. .She went to the mines near Carlsbad, where the mineral pitchblende bad been mined for a century for the extraction of j .iraiiluin. She examined the refusu, of which llfiy tons bud accutmiluted lu -nr.H past. "I'ltiliblende hud always been I known in laboratories of Kuropo as a I coiiipo'.lie ore containing a mixture I of n dosien different mylals beside the 'uranium for which It seemed alone north mining, such as lead, silver tin, bismuth, etc. ! "To her surpilse. Mine. Curie found I the lefuse was mm b stronger In Itiiuiueri'l rays than the uranium 'which 1 in it been extracted. This start-jlmg start-jlmg fact then stared her lu the face, '(bat something unknown existed In J the refuse. I "Ity chemical processes she proceed-ied proceed-ied to dissolve out ilrst the lend, then 'the tin, then sliver, and no on until ins the residual mass became purer It 'became stronger und stronger, sixty ' times stronger than uranium. "ThU small remnant glowed In the. dark. All hut two metals bad henn eliminated. Theso were kn'own not to hflto the slightest radioactivity. Therefore there could be but one con cluilon she was facing n mysterious new force. The excitement ran high u the months went by. "Flnnl!, after two years, she wns tblo hy ultra-chemical resoutcos, with the help of her teachers mid 1'iofei-or 1'iofei-or Curie (who, meanwhile, bad offered of-fered himself nnd been accepted In marriage), to announce to tliu world (18!)S) the discovery of u new element radium. "It was her beautiful tribute to science thnt nn Impersonal name radium wus glvo'n, becnuse It gave out rays. Knowledge,' and not fame, was her pursuit. Ineontrast to her, tinselllsb r.isiL the,' Austrian bwnes of the mine 'wopld give lnr only one-fifth one-fifth of the refuse which she deqlred for further . sludy. The rest, they found, had a new commercial vulue. owing to her research, and they kept It for profit nnd study. She, on the other hand, Industriously extracted nil the radium from her small store, und after a year, believing the physical qualities were. now understood, offered It to. tin! medical v-wor!d, not only In Paris'1, hut to 'us j Supply Soon Exhausted. "lu 100.'! she released It und we were able to purchase the first morsel for 'New Vork. It Is Interesting to record that, when u second order was cabled tb her for more It -was withheld with-held for two months, until she had finished some calorlmetrle tests. Then she released, nil she hud for sclen lists to use.' A quarter or more of that historic bit, which proved that radium gives out bent continuously, came quickly to New Vork. "Her small store of Austrian refuse, however, wus quickly exhausted nnd all the nullum to be tiad In the world was for somu time made lu llerniany That, alsu, we could buy, but at much Jnrger price. I "Miners everywhere lu the world then searched for this new pieclous . metal. It wus not dllllcult to discover for by placing photographic plates In black puper envelopes nnd leaving them In nay mine, If the pinto de-Tfloped de-Tfloped black, It meant radium. Some Hnall quantities went found In Portugal, Portu-gal, In Colorado. In Utah, and In one ir two other places. The quantity available In the world Is Insltjnlilcuut. its extraction Is by elaborate and dellcnte chemical refinement, consuming at least six months liefore tho utorns ran be separated sepa-rated In more than &00 tons of rough ore ono cannot get mort than n quarter of u thimbleful hence Its cost. Meantime Mme. Curie und her collnborntdrs have found new and startling qualities In this precious metal. "The credit for this discovery .wn settled Incnntestably by a commission giving Mine. Curie the Nobel l'rl-,e In IMS." |