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Show THE FOURTEEN S'. PRINCIPLES I OF PEACE mi; ii . - k SET FORTH BY WOODROW WB SON AND ACCEPTED BY , THE WORLD ' 1. Open covenants of peace, openly op-enly arrived at, after which there hall be no private International un- dertaklngs ot any kind, but diplomacy diplo-macy shall proceed always frankly and In the public view. 2. Absolute freedm of navigation upon the seas outside territorial waters wa-ters alike In peace and In war, except ex-cept as"the seas may be closed In whole or In part by International action ac-tion for the enforcement ot international interna-tional covenants. 3. The removal, so far as possible, possi-ble, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade Iconditins among all nations consenting consent-ing to the peace and, associating -'- , - f- -. -U -N ' I ' themselvos for Its maintenance. 4. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced 'to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety. 5. Free, open minder, and abso-iutely abso-iutely Impartial adjustment ot all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining such questions of sovereignty sov-ereignty the Interests ot population concerned must have equal weight with 'the equitable claims of government gov-ernment whose title Is to be determined. deter-mined. '6tv3 evacuation of all Russian territory, and such settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation coopera-tion of' the other nations of the world In obtaining for her an un hampered and unembarrassed opv portunlty for the Independent determination deter-mination ot her own political development devel-opment end national policy, and assure as-sure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under Institutions In-stitutions of her own choosing; and more than a welcome assistance also ot every, kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations na-tions will be the acid test of their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from, their own Interests, and of their Intelligent In-telligent and unselfish sympathy. ' 7. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacauted and restored re-stored without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. I No othir single act will serve as this .will serve to restore confidence among the nations In the laws which they themselves set and determined for the government of their rela-1 tlons with 'on another. Without this I healing act the whole structure and validity of International law Is forever for-ever Impaired. I 8. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, re-stored, and the wrong dono to France by Prussia In 1871 In the matter of Alsace Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace or the woria for nearly fifty years, should bo righted In order that peace may once more be made secure In tho Interest 'of all. I 9. A readjustment of tho fron- .tiers of Italy should bn effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality. 10. The .peoples of Austria Hungary, Hun-gary, wnofio placo among tho nations wo wish to see safeguarded- and assured, as-sured, should bo accorded the freest opportunity of autonomous development develop-ment ' ' 11. Rouuianla, Servia, and Mon- tencgro should bo evacuated, occupied occu-pied territories restored: Sorvla accorded ac-corded free and securo access to the J seas, and tho relations of tho bov-eral bov-eral Dilkan States to one another determined by friendly counsel along al-ong historically established lines of alleglanco and nationality; tho International In-ternational guaranties of tho political politi-cal and economic Independence and territorial Integrity of tho several Balkan States should bo entered Into. 12. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman Empire should b assured a securo sovereignty, but tlio other nationalities which are ' bow under Turkish rule should bo assured assur-ed an undoubted security of life and an absolutely, unmolested opportunity opportun-ity of autonomous development; ana the Dardanelles should be permanently perman-ently opened as a free passage tt the ships and commerce of all nations na-tions under International guaranties. 13. An Independent Polish state should be erected which should Include- the territories inhabited by Indisputably Polish population which should be assured a free and nssut-ed nssut-ed access to the sea, aud whose political pol-itical and economic Independence and territorial integrity should bo guaranteed by international covenant. coven-ant. I 14. A general association ot nations na-tions must be formed under specific 'covenants for the purpose of affording afford-ing mutual guaranties of political independence and territorial Integrity Integri-ty to great and small states alike. |