Show II i Problems for the Aeronauts I Berlin Borlin October 12 The Thc Tho science of aerial navigation na at I In Germany has reached a 0 point where man many of or orthe the mo most t prominent investigators arA art are A asking them themselves ehe in which direction the they shall pursue Up their experiments The problem of steering is fly ily solved hut but there remains the Important Important Im Ira- question of ot time the conquest of the tho contrary currents of ot time tho air all and anti I this raises the issues between the ad advocates advocates ad- ad i of or lighter than th the tho all all' air and heavier than the air nir Balloons inflated with KB gas M arc generally gen gen- crall orally regarded regard ell here 3 as having ha nearly if IC not quite attained the thA final Onal stage of their possibilities which as I la Is contended contended contended con con- tended although marvelous in comparison com corn parison with the position of only f five years ago still RUB leaves much to bl be achieved before the tho n air nir Ir ran can be said to tobe tobe tobe be ma mastered All three the systems systems the rigid the semi rigid and the flexible represent flexible represent represented ed respectively by the bD balloons hal bal 1 I loons loans of Count Zeppelin the tho German I arm army aeronauts and Major Von Yon Parse Parse- val val have have boon ben and still are art being tested All AU have hn given evidence e of tho the fact that in lI light ht winds and otherwise fa favorable fa- fa a- a weather th they y ma may bo ho steered and amid maneuvered with great groat facility Not ot one of or them however has on nn any occasion ventured into the air when a strong wind was Va blowing for the good reason that their steersmen are nrc aware that their weak eak motive mot power would not permit progression lon Speed Record The Tho greatest speed attained by an any of them and this applies nl also alpo o to French balloons has not exceeded exceed ell in round figures 28 S miles an nn hour and antI at that rate rale in such a wind the they would bo be driven en backward Even en the Zeppelin Zeppelin Zep Zep- which Is Js credited with a speed of or 33 or 34 miles mile an nn hour would do eto little moro more than hold its own As to form Corm th the tho cigar shape maintains main maln- its favor hut but the material of or con construction on which It Is argued depends the capacity of the balloon to remain In the all all' air Is IH varied In Zen- Zen phIn's balloon the tho envelope I Is entirely of or aluminum covered with silk an and in the tho military airship tho the thoon lower on or portion of ot the thc main body of or the tho envelope Is of metal covered with silk and rubber the tho ends and the upper portions being balig of ordinary balloon inn mn- erial while balloon is mn I en- en compo composed crl of or flexible material similar to lo that u used 1 in spherical bal bal- loomis loom Th The voa voyages es of or the and military balloons as well as of the French airships all of which are arc either cither semi-rigid semi or flexible have been boen limited limited limit limit- ed to slightly slight over three hours owing to o the tho ward forward end of the tho envelope gradually collapsing through the escape es- es capo cape of gas as thus presenting a conca concave con- con ca' ca cave cavo surface to the tho direction in which the he balloon is steered tl and preventing urther progress Zeppelins Zeppelin's Trial Trial- On the other hand tho the Zeppelin even after the escape of a considerable ble bie quantity t It of gas retains Its shape and is able to proceed Count I un in asserts that ho tie can attain a n. velocity of about 34 miles an hour with time the I motor working at full Cull pressure Ills further trials arc nrc awaited with the greatest interest for with such a speed according to meteorological averages n which show that on 00 thO days out of or ever every tho the wind does no nor exceed 30 miles an hour hom he lie would be bc able abio to ascend and navigate ato n against lit It successfully successful Ij although on some iI no lie would bo ie able to In mal make but slow blow progress A At a n high altitude hov however howe evor the balloon would bo be abb- abb to pass pits over nn an enemy's camp without running much r o as owing to its It construction In 12 or 14 compartment each ach entirely separate 1 from Crom th thi r oth-r even ever should several compartments bo be pierced by shot and collapse p e the tho metal envelope would not change chang lt its shape shapo and the voyage oage could be continued I I The other dirigibles do not possess c- c I this advantage TIme Tho military balloon Is built bum on the lie lines linos of oC the P Patrio lattie the I envelope being composed of only ono one compartment Th rh Time balloon at present I In use which contains contain 1800 cubic Cuble metres of gas gns ns Is Intended on only I as a amodel amodol model for larger airships In case e the tho authorities decide to adopt th tho system tm Similar l S Tho The balloon which ha has shown such wonderful powers of navigation nay navi gation gatton in lii calm weather has ha the same disadvantages as aR tho the military balloon It Is constructed somewhat differently In the envelope containing containing- the ga gas ga- gabe be being being bf be- In ing fixed two one In front the other r in iii the rear which wh when n on ono one or 01 the tho other oilier Is 19 pumped tl full Cull of ot air by bythe bythe bythe I the motor changes change the thc equilibrium I and permits the balloon to ascend or descend In oblique direction The Thc en envelope envelope en- en n- n contains 2800 cubic s metres of JOE gas Th The Tho only onh serious Gc Gorman German experimenter rJ- rJ menter mantel until now with flying machines heavier than tItan air Is li Herr Karl Jatho I of Hanover He lie has constructed a re remarkable rc cc- aeroplane compo composed of or si Ix sails a n horizontal steering sail all a a. I horizontal ma mainsail two vertical fixed ll sails and two vertical steering sails a win wind propeller and a basket or or platform platform platform plat plat- form carrying ri ii a horsepower 12 motor I The equilibrium of the thc aeroplane Is Iq maintained b by the horizontal steering sail fl w w controls the time raising or lowering low low- ering of the forepart of or the tho machine machino Should the motor cease cense working from ac accident or or other ca cause me th the tho vail mainsail is largo large anui strong trong enough to Ort not asa is as isa a parachute I |