Show Drugs and Goo ra h r f fv v eAT S H a Loading Lighters Lighter at Zanzibar b by the National Society Washington D D. C. C BUSINESS nUSI SS reaches out Into Into into In In- NO to so many remote places of the world as does dots that of ot the pharmacist a ft fact which It will be remembered was demonstrated ed graphically during the World war when the commerce of ot the world was disrupted Con Consider lder as a typical case asafoetida tida gain J Much of or It comes from froia the city Ity of or Herat In Afghanistan Numerous citizens of Ir Herat snake Finke their living by going down yearly midway ny between the mountains and ond the Persian desert after otter the rains clothe the te plains with verdure there with much bending buck to Incise the root From rom the Incisions comes a R milky gum which dried forms torms the asafoetida of or commerce commerCE- Throughout history man mon hns has combed the way the places for tor hi his drugs It was the trade In dr drugs gs and spices which made Venice from the Thirteenth to the Sixteenth century the most t Important com commercially and ond the richest city In EuropE and It was the lo loss of ot this commerce which caused nu ld her rapid and the passing of or her riches and her glory glorya The story of ot Venice Is so essential essentially a ly Iy romantic that to mention commerce In connection with U It seems sms out of drawing ln Iru Yet It was as merchants that the Venetians were famed The traffic truffle In spices and aromatic drugs began bean to assume vast proportions In Inthe inthe i I the Middle nI ages as us the people of or Europe became educated to 10 a hunger I i for the spicy flavors of ot the last Tast n t rom Prom India and China Chino and Persia ln came not only silks and laces Inel tint but butmore more Important spices and oils inri drugs and ond Venice was quick to 10 realize real rN le ize the Importance of or having this commerce liS through her port The knowledge of or medicines used by hy the Moors and ond Arabs which was brought back by the Crusaders helped to educate the people of ninny lands land to the uses UlIS of ot balsams and spices of ot the Ihl oriental markets The embarkation point for tor Palestine was wn Venice The Venetian merchant marine marine ma ma- rine profited well wel by furnishing transport transport trans trans- port service and during durIn the Fourth Crusade finding the Crusaders unable to pay their passage money morey the Venetians Ve Ve- forthwith enlisted them as soldiers In a war against their Christian Chris tian neighbors the Dalmatians and the Infidels got ot oft off free sent I Columbus Columbu Was Wat After Spices The monopoly of or Venice was 9 resented resented re re- as Is Inevitable her prosperity prosper prosper- It ity was envied This Is why all al the explorers of ot that period sou sought ht a 11 short ocean route to India Columbus Colum hu bus bin It will he be remembered sought FOU the spines spices of or the Indies rather than a anew anew anew new land So from the tile hour when on May IllY 20 H 1493 Vasco do Garno fulfilled fill tul filled the ambition of or his Portuguese uee sovereign blazed a R new trail In to the uncharted deep and sailed Into Inlo Ca Calicut Callcut Call Cali II cut ut after lifter round rounding In Cape of ot Goodhope Good Hope the commercial greatness of or the Italian port was doomed When the news reached Venice that Portuguese laden Inden with spices e had come COin I Into the harbor at ot Lisbon without the necessity of or touching at ot Venice tire the whole city was WI disturbed and find astounded trays says the ancient chronicler In to his hili diary They had hod ample cause raulp for worry for they altey faced the tile Inevitable I How flow Venice warred on Portugal of ot the later wars between Portuguese Spanish Dutch and English to tn assert supremacy In the spice spIre and dru drug trade of ot the long voyages with decimation del deci nation mation of or the crews b by pirates by mutineers and by the time often fatal and always horrible scourge of or scurvy scurvy- these tales toIls belong to the heroic age oje of fit the seas sens and have furnished Inspiration Inspiration In In- to many a 8 poet and novelist Well may inDY poets pots sing of ot Drake O and Hawkins and G Greenville II and Oxen Oxen- ham meeting with their little ton I chips ships the great galleys of or Spain and defeating them I But nut the prizes they IhlY captured were galleons laden with cloves and Dud ginger anI and pepper r and fm frankincense and ami dragons dragon's blood tail cinnamon and when lip these e cargoes were found they IhlY asked not nol for dou Motley In his hIli History of ot the United Netherlands I emphasizes this point nl y tery well 1 The world Imi hail 11 lived Id I'd In la former be hI ages says hays very Iry i without ut clives But In InI r I the bl beginning of the Se ent tury that odoriferous pistil hai balk the thI cause of or so many pl ba and obstinate wars of so negotiation and In that the worlds world's destiny t have become almost dependent the growth of ot a Q er Out of or Its sweetness had TIlt 1 such bitterness s among nation uM torrents of ot blood could Gash I Aleppo a Shipping Point When Venice Venire was wal drugs and spices to the West Syria was the most Dost Important t ay point for the tin ism goods and It still helps to IU lit druggists druggist's shelves Guru Cum USI used used ns as a source of or h medicine and nd the arts arts Is Is one ODe of fc 4 I principal products sent from 11 today Concerning Aleppo there thel t U II lit Interesting correspondence Is In 11 this of or the old English ea puny Edwards Edword one of ot their tat writing In triGO said Them Therm h I many Venetians who Rho hc y 11 gall tallow saffron skIns sUns wt rein I wool and also will tern tent I a 11 of ot nil all kinds of or spices we ilea sufficient warning to fetch It II III I tob III Indies and will d deliver lher It to uh k And us ns there Is 18 nothing new nel I Ithe the sun SlIn another factor actor tells a athe it I Ithe the light Russian oil which w s when It Is refined we prize so 10 map ns as a R medicine There Is la i s pa am rl river he wrote a which falleth tat the tile Caspian sea sla by a town ivyl Bachu nachu whereunto which Is s II thing to b behold hohl For there thereS S ted I out of ot the ground a large i. i i oil which oil Ihl they fetch elch from frontal bounds of or oil Persia It II wn III fill etla all the country to burn bum in III Into td and ii 11 l hou houses es This Tills oil Is black There here Is also by the Ibe i al town of or Bachu another kind el of 01 1 which Is white and very Iery I Is supposed to be he the same that hit I k here called petroleum Tod Today jw ss oil II Ii as n are re competing for that day they fought for cloves Camphor which Is I Important Id only In medicine but tut In the arU erua III j old tH- manufactures was an Rn example example production and control ci of a put After the Japanese famosa r. r Japan obtained control ot of of the camphor Industry Alth mosa inosa the Formosa forests are forestry Inexhaustible tall cart replanting and for tor In Instituted trees 2000 police e were r workers and large protect Jere pd pda built plants were distribution of f Ik III a fixed sum The JJ let by ww oath product was entire awarded of ot sale Eule and the right English firm the latter contra I In camphor conduct the sale of or ID sod b London York Ja SP I from lOn kung and anel to 10 accept of camphor earl lir definite amount cans cain or of the Today II a growing part used d In the IIII e 1 Is being belDI western laboratories Days Day of 01 Glo Gloy of old is II lUll I S Batavia as tee to d tc spIce the he sp for tur export center ll It w. w It was II when ben JJ trade as ns of or the SpIce i as the tile capital p of III and nd was WI known B as the III East ast In those da days voyage ge was os a perl perilous low that s ws It was wa only natural assemble th In tha pa p community should Id Idof d a pI place are And AmI so SI picturesque troll trod rI of or fortune aliI and Ild a d gathered parts of ot the world white canals lonal and In Its G Japanese many manias and Dutch French Portuguese r I a v. v or of course Moors for Intersected by city It was It 11 and being a rich fortified and Bd With Ith Its u I Iel its 1111 q quaInt rr ou ous el 81 echeme and Its outstanding oun ramparts 1 while whitt 10 n h cameo finely finlly chiseled tuN tuM t the tropical sun dream pity rilY of oc ocean Olean It was a 8 an and parted days of or piracy thoU t nd a aing Ing A on of If I a atoll In the tk there 10 II equal JJ and nul an III monody M n. n Dutch Th I the P nth I In l' l IlIn ibe Ibe trade I M II 1 1111 have Bare 00 no more u Is III city etty per raper r. r r J |