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Show the Latin American countries around the Caribbean sea, and Interest in his doings was maintained through li2S. On February 29 he was awarded award-ed the Woodr.nv Wilson medal and S25.iH.KJ, and three weeks later President Presi-dent Coolldge pinned on his breast the Congressional Medal of Uonor. In May he became connected with an air transport company. Late In the year he tlew to Mexico and was the guest there of Ambassador Morrow, which gave rise to the report that he was to marry Miss Morrow. The year saw some great events In aeronautics. First of these was Bert Uinkler's solo flight from England to Australia In 15 days. Then in April Koehl and von Huenefeld of Germany and Fitzmaurloe of Ireland, starting fiom Dublin, made the first westbound west-bound nonstop light across the Atlantic, At-lantic, landing on Greenly island in the Straits of Belle Isle. Capt. G. H. Wilkins and Carl I?. Eilson made a remarkable flight across the Arctic regions from Point Harrow to Spitsbergen Spits-bergen In April. The monoplane Southern South-ern Cross with a crew of four flew from Oakland, Calif., to Australia with stops at Hawaii and the Fiji Islands; and two Italian aviators flew from Rome to Brazil. In June Amelia Earhart and two pilots flew from New Foundland to Wales. Art Goebel flew from Los Angeles to New York without with-out stop In 18 hours 58 minutes, and Tucker and Collyer made the same flight In the other direction in 24 hours SI minutes. Soon afterwards these two airmen were killed when their plane crashed in Arizona. Another An-other great achievement was the flight of the huge German dirigible Graf Zeppelin from Friedrlchschafen, Germany, Ger-many, to Lakehurst, N. J., carrying of New York and T. S. Butler of Pennsylvania; Sir Edmund Gosse of England and Bessie Van Vorst of America, authors; Allan Dale, dramatic dra-matic critic; Prof. Hideyo Noguchl and Dr. W. A. Young of the Rockefeller Rocke-feller institute; Ilerschel Jones of Minneapolis Min-neapolis and K. B. Piper of Portland, Ore., journalists; Dr. Edgar F. Smith of Philadelphia, eminent chemist; ; Federal Judge W. H. Sanborn of St. Paul ; William D. Haywood, former L V. W. chief, In Moscow. In June: Holbrook Blinn, Robert B. Mantell, Leo Ditriehstein and John Donley, actors, and Avery Hopwood, playwright ; John D. Work, former senator sen-ator from California; Federal Judge Adam C. Cliffe of Sycamore, 111.; E. T. Meredith, former secretary of agriculture; agricul-ture; Senator Frank R. Gooding of j Idaho; Donn Byrne, Irish American novelist; Dr. Otto Nordenskjold, Swed- , Ish explorer; J. R. Bone, editor To- ' ronto Daily Star; Mrs. Emeline Pank-hurst, Pank-hurst, English suffragist; Marshal Chang Tso-lin. Manchurian leader; General Swinehart, American soldier of fortune. In July: Capt. Alfred Lowensteln, Belgian capitalist; Howard Elliot, railroad executive; G. E. Chamberlain, former senator from Oregon ; Congressman Congress-man U. R. Rathbone of Illinois; Ellen Terry, English actress; D. 0. Davies, t director of Field museum, Chicago; Giovanni GiolittI, Italian statesman; Dr. George Colvin, president University Univer-sity of Louisville; Rear Admiral W. M. Fo'lger, retired; Federal Judge D. C. Westerhaver of Cleveland; T. B. Walker, Walk-er, wealthy Minneapolis lumberman and art patron. In August: George E. Brennan, Illinois Illi-nois Democratic leader; George K. Morris. New York Republican leader; committee, and the campaign work was promptly organized. The Democrats met In national convention con-vention In Houston, Texas, ou June 20. and from that moment there was no doubt of Smith's victory. The southern south-ern Democrats, however, being nearly all dry and Protestant, made such fight as they could, and on June 2S accepted the nomination of Smiih on the first ballot with wry faces. The enthusiasm of the governor's support ers was 6ueh that there were many assertions that the party would stand solidly behind him. How wrong the prediction was Is knowu to all. It took only one ballot for the convention conven-tion to choose Senator Joe Robinson o( Arkansas as Smith's running male. He was the first resident below the Mason and Dixon line since the Civil war to be named on a Presidential ticket by either of the major parties, and his selection was regarded as a wise, strategic move. Governor Smith, on receiving word of his nomination, rather rath-er upset the convention by a telegram in which he declared he had not changed his opposition to the present prohibition laws and methods of their enforcement. John J. Raskob. chairman chair-man of the finance committee of the General Motors corporation, was made Democratic national chairman, and under un-der his leadership the party, for the first time in many long years, obtained ample funds for the campaign. Both candidates made several speaking speak-ing tours, and for the first time radio was used extensively in the campaign. The people were thoroughly aroused, and the religious issue, though deprecated depre-cated by the leaders of both parties, would not down. It and also the prohibition pro-hibition issue cut both ways. In the middle western and western states United States and France, the two nations signed a new arbitration pact, binding each party not to go to war with the other. The American government gov-ernment at the time suggested that a bitter way would be to unite the efforts of the two powers to obtain the adhesion of all the principal powers pow-ers of the world to a declaration denouncing de-nouncing war as an Instrument of their national policy. This was the Inception of the multilateral treaty which Secretary of State Kellogg later lat-er proposed to the chief powers. One by one the nations accepted the plan In principle, some of them with reservations, res-ervations, and finally the pact was drawn up to suit all. France thereupon there-upon invited fourteen other nations to send representatives to Paris to sign the treaty. All responded, and on August 27 the ceremony was performed. per-formed. The pact was left open for the adhesion of other nations and within a few weeks most of the governments gov-ernments of the civilized world had accepted It. Promising as this movement move-ment toward general peace seemed. It was regarded by certain elements In some countries, especially the United States and Italy, with cynical cyni-cal derision. Approval by the American Amer-ican senate Is necessary to give It effect, and some of the senators were known to be opposed to It. Senator Borah, chairman of the foreign relations rela-tions committee, however, gave the treaty his warm Indorsement. Evacuation of the Rhlneland and the fixing of the total of the reparations repara-tions obligations was still insisted on by Germany. P.y the terms of the Dawes agreement she was paying large sums regularly on account, but the time when the payments should end was coming no nearer. The allies al-lies at last recognized this intolerable intoler-able situation and In November It was agreed that a congress of experts ex-perts should be convened to revise the Dawes plan and try to fix the total reparations. France persisted In the Idea that the question of reparations rep-arations should be tied up with that of her war debt to the United States but Washington made It plain that this could not be. John Bassett Moore, American, resigned re-signed on April 28 as a member of the permanent court of international justice, commonly known as the world court. Most of the national groups nominated Charles Evans Hughes to succeed him,' and the assembly as-sembly and council of the League of Nations overwhelmingly confirmed the choice on September 8. NEWS RECORD OF THEJfEAR 1928 Summary of the Notable Events of the Twelve Months in America and Abroad. HOOVER'S BIG VICTORY Republican Sweep the Country In the Presidential Election Kellogg Treaty to Outlaw War Signed by Nearly All Nations China Won by the Nationalists Nation-alists Germany and the Reparations. By EDWARD W. PICKARD Herbert Hoover was the domlnat lng figure of the year l'J28 In the United States. This by reason of bis sweeping victory In the Presidential election at the close of the most In terestlng campaign the country had had In many years, and his "good will" tour of the Latin American republics. re-publics. Until the verdict of the polls was rendered, Mr. Hoover's rival for the Presidency, Gov. Al Smith of New York, was almost equally In the public eye and the pub lie mind. Economically and financial-ly financial-ly the country enjoyed a prosperity that has seldom been equalled, not withstanding the fact that the problem prob-lem of relieving the troubles of the agriculturists remained unsolved Internationally, the outstanding event of the year was the putting for ward of the so-called Kellogg multilateral multi-lateral treaty to outlaw war and Its signature In Paris by nearly all the civilized nations of the world Efforts Ef-forts to accomplish a reduction of armaments, made by the League of Nations and by various statesmen, had no definite results, but the Kel logg pact was looked on by most peo pie as a real step toward world peace The tenth anniversary of the armis tlce found the questions of German reparations still unsettled but the governments most concerned were about to open a conference for the purpose of determining finally what and bow the Germans must pay. The close of the year also saw steps being be-ing taken by President Coolidge's ad ministration for the reopening of the question of American adherence to the world court in the hope that the European nations might accept the American reservations. In the Far East China provided much of the interest and to the relief of the world its internecine warfare was ended with the victory of the Nationalists. Japan furnished a spectacular spec-tacular Incident in the formal coronation coro-nation of Emperor Hirohilo. Latin America was rather more peaceful than usual, with the exception excep-tion of Nicaragua, and in that republic re-public the American marines and diplomats dip-lomats succeeded In bringing an end to the civil warfare and in giving the little republic a real election of a President. reforms In the procedure of those tribunals. Germany, laboring under the burden of the reparations payments, was said by her ambassador to Washington to be distinctly on the upgrade. This notwithstanding rather unfavorable business conditions and an Increase In the numbct of unemployed. With Premier Mussolini still its dictator, dic-tator, Italy seemed to be making steady progress, and the supremacy of the Fascist party was continued and strengthened. The duce put into full effect his plan for reorganization of the government to put practically all power in the hands of the grand council, coun-cil, accomplished monetary reform and put through a law for his pet scheme of laud reclamation and utilization. Rumania was torn by dissension, the Peasant party demanding a share in the government. Finally the revolt grew so serious that Premier Bratiano was forced by the regency ..o resign and Juliu Maniu, leader of the peasants, peas-ants, came into power as head of a coalition government. Ahmed Zogu, the handsome young dictator of Albania, decided that his country should have a king and promoted pro-moted himself to that position, taking the title of Scanderbeg IIL Soviet Russia's rulers have not yet solved the great Issue of how to reconcile rec-oncile the conflicting Interests of the Industrial and the agrarian sections of the population, and during the year there were sporadic revolts of the peasants, without result. The government continued Its earnest efforts ef-forts to enlist financial aid from abroad, and one of its successes was the completion of a contract with the International General Electric company com-pany of New York for the purchase of $25,000,000 worth of electric equipment equip-ment in this- country. The exploitation exploita-tion of the country's rich oil resources was carried on energetically. The rules governing concessions to foreign business interests were radically modified In September. Generally speaking, Russia was in a healthier condition than at any time since the' revolution. Victory of the Chinese Nationalists was won after long and hard fighting and despite the opposition of Japan. Marshal Chang Tso-lin, Manchurian war lord, was forced to abandon Peking Pe-king on June 3, and on his way to Mukden his train was bombed and he was fatally injured. The Nationalists National-ists established a complete government govern-ment and constituted Nanking the capital of the republic. Chiang Kai-Shek, Kai-Shek, their generalissimo, was elected president of the council. The name of Peking was changed to Peiping. meaning' "Northern Peace." The United Unit-ed States took the first step toward recognition of the new government by negotiating a treaty granting China tariff' autonomy. Great Britain, ' Germany. Ger-many. France and Italy all began negotiations with the Nanking government, gov-ernment, Japan alone holding aloof because of her claim that her old treaty with China was still in effect. Gen. Alvaro Obregon, being the only surviving candidate for the Presidency of Mexico after the recalcitrants had been suppressed, was elected on July 1, to take office on December 1. But on July 17, as he was attending a banquet in his honor, he was assassinated assassi-nated by a young native named Toral. The crime created a great sensation and the trial of the murderer and his alleged accomplices was watched with immense interest. In November Toral was convicted and condemned to death, and a nun, Mother Concepcion, who, was accused of being the "intellectual "intel-lectual author" of the crime, was condemned con-demned to twenty years in prison. It was up to the national assembly to choose a Provisional President to serve fourteen months from December I, and, President Calles refusing the job, it was given to Emilio Portes Gil. While American marines were trying try-ing quite successfully to pacify Nicaragua Nica-ragua and quite unsuccessfully to catch Sandino, the rebel chieftain, Brig. Gen. Frank McCoy as the head of an American electoral commission was arranging for an honest and impartial im-partial Presidential election. This was authorized by a decree of President Diaz. The voters were properly registered reg-istered in advance, and when they went to the polls on November 4 each man was required to dip his thumb in a stain to prevent repeating. The election was carried off peaceably and resulted in the choice of Gen. Jose Maria Moncada, the Liberal candidate. His majority over Adolfo Benard, Conservative, Con-servative, was about 20,000. mails, freight and paying passengers, and her safe return. Tragedies of the air were numerous, numer-ous, the most spectacular being the loss of the airship Italia on which Commander Nobile of Italy and a large party were exploring the Arctic regions re-gions from Spitzbergen. The dirigible fell on the ice floes and some of the men were carried away with the balloon bal-loon part and never found. Others, with Nobile, were rescued after many attempts by airplanes and icebreaking steamers. Capt. Roald Amundsen, the famous polar explorer, was among those who attempted to reach the survivors by airplane, and he and his five companions perished in the icy wastes. In March Capt. Waller Hinch-cliffe Hinch-cliffe and Miss Elsie Mackay of England Eng-land attempted the western flight across the Atlantic and were lost at sea. Captain Carranza of Mexico, who had made a nonstop flight from Mexico City to New York, was caught in an electric storm as he started home and perished in New Jersey. Capt. C. T. Courtney and three companions, com-panions, flying from the Azores to America, were forced down in mid-ocean mid-ocean hut were picked up by a steamship, steam-ship, and the same thing happened to two Polish aviators who started from Paris. Hassell and Cramer of Rockford, III., flew to Cochrane, Out., and thence started for Stockholm via Greenland. They reached their first stopping place, Mount Evans, but their plane was too crippled to continue. In October Com. H. C. MacDonald, English Eng-lish aviator, undertook to fly from Newfoundland to England alone in a small plane and -was lost at sea. A novelty that may be promising was the gyroscope plane, invented by a Spaniard, In which he flew across the English channel, rising and descending des-cending almost vertically. Marking the twenty-fifth anniversary anni-versary of the first flight of the Wright brothers, an international civ II aviation conference opened in Washington on December 12 with 40 nations represented. Orville Wright was the guest of honor and Charles Lindbergh was presented with the Harmon medal awarded by the In ternational League of Aviators. the question of farm relief was played up, but in the end it was overshadowed overshad-owed by the fact that the country In general was exceedingly prosperous, and tlie voters did not care to make an experimental change. The American people, men and women, wom-en, went to the polls ou November 6 in unprecedented numbers, and when their ballots had been cast Hoover and Curtis carried forty states with a total to-tal of 444 electoral votes, and Smith and Robinson had carried eight states, with 87 votes in tlie electoral college. Hoover's majority exceeded even that of Wilson in 1912. Moreover, he smashed the solid South, winning Florida, Maryland, New Mexico, North Carolina and Texas. Smith's states were Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi. Rhode Island and South Carolina. He failed to carry New York, though Franklin Roosevelt (Dem.) was elected elect-ed governor of that state. When the popular vote was considered, tlie defeat de-feat of Smith did not seem so humiliating. humili-ating. The total vote cast was approximately ap-proximately 35,000,000, and of these Smith received about 15,000.000. Two weeks after the election Mr. Hoover sailed from San Pedro, Calif., on a good will tour of the republics of Central and South America that was to last about two months, and he announced an-nounced that he would not select his cabinet until after his return. On his trip he was received everywhere with enthusiasm by the officials and people peo-ple of the countries visited, and it was believed the tour would do much to cement the friendly relations between the Latin American nations and the United States. Legislation for naval construction, flood control and farm relief occupied much time In congress from the first of the year. The first, as finally passed, provided for the construction of fifteen cruisers and one plane carrier car-rier and carried $364,000,000. In the matter of flood control President Coolldge Cool-ldge insisted that the states especially interested must share the cost, and the measure adopted recognized this principle and appropriated $325,000,000 for the work. The President was Col. George B. Harvey, publicist; Congressman Con-gressman L. A. Frothingham of Massachusetts; Massa-chusetts; Gov. A. R. Sorlie of North Dakota; Maude Granger, actress; Gil Robinson, circus man; D. M. Delmas, noted San Francisco attorney; J. B. Laughlin, steel magnate; Viscount Hal-dane, Hal-dane, British statesman ; Marshal Emile Fayolle, noted French strategist; Mary Garrett Hay, suffragist. In September: Maurice Bokanowskl, French cabinet member; Rear Admiral G. F. Winslow, retired; Bishop J. 0. Hartzell of Cincinnati ; Urban Shocker, baseball pitcher; Lincoln Eyre, American Ameri-can war correspondent ; Roy K. Moui-ton, Moui-ton, humorist ; R. F. Outcault, comic artist; Brig. Gen. W. N. Bixby; E. A. Stilwell, railroad man; Sir Horace Darwin, Dar-win, scientist. In October: C. W. Barron, editor of Wall Street Journal; George Beban and Larry Semon, motion picture stars; A. F. Seested, publisher of Kansas Kan-sas City Star; W. J. Flynu, former chief of U. S. secret service ; Benjamin Ben-jamin Strong, governor of New York Federal Reserve bank ; Robert Lansing, Lan-sing, former secretary of state; George Barr McCutcbeon and Frances Newman, New-man, novelists; Rev. R. A. Torrey, evangelist; Sir Frank Dicksee, English artist; Dowager Empress Marie of Russia; Brig. Gen. F. R. McQuigg, former for-mer commander of American Legion. In November: Dr. Frank Crane and Eliza Scidmore, American writers; Prof. T. C. Chamberlin of University of Chicago, noted geologist; Dr. John Hardiug, father of late President Harding; Hard-ing; Cougressman W. A. Oldfield of Arkansas; G. H. Jones, chairman of Standard Oil of New Jersey; Thomas F. Ryan, New York financier ; Rear Admiral F. F. Fletcher, retired; Gen. Baron Jacques, Belgian commander in World war; Admiral Scheer, commander com-mander of German fleet in battle of Jutland. In December: Henry A. Haugen, Chicago banker; Lord Tennyson, son of the poet ; Ezra Meeker, last of the i Oregon Trail pioneers; Miss Alice Longfellow, daughter of the American Ameri-can poet ; James A. Patten, Chicago financier; Jacob M. Dickinson, former secretary of war. Theodore Roberts, FOREIGN Great Britain pursued the even tenor of its way, but was not in good economic condition. The great number num-ber of the unemployed, especially in the mining districts, led the govern ment to try the experiment of help ing many men to migrate to Canada and Australia to engage In agricul tural work. This was successful to a limited extent but did not especially please the dominions. Early ' in the year parliament passed the women's franchise measure, known as the "flappers' bill," and thus about five million more women were given the vote. During the session of parliament parlia-ment the house rejected the prayer book revision proposed by the authorities author-ities of the Church of England ; and Churchill introduced ' a spectacular budgetary scheme for reforming local government and relieving industrial depression. J. H. Whitley resigned as speaker and Capt. E. A. Fitzroy was elected to succeed him. Attacks on the metropolitan police led to a parliamentary Investigation and to the appointment of Lord Byng as commissioner. King George contracted inflammation inflamma-tion of the lungs late in November and his condition became so alarming alarm-ing that the prince of Wales and his brother, the duke of Gloucester, hurriedly hur-riedly returned from a hunting trip In Africa. His majesty appointed a royal commission, headed by tlie queen, to act for him during his illness. ill-ness. Dr. Randall Thomas Davidson, archbishop of Canterbury and primate of England, created a precedent by resigning, in July, and Dr. Cosmo Lang, archbishop of York, was appointed ap-pointed to the place. The earl of Birkenhead resigned as secretary of state for India and was succeeded by Viscount Peel. On February 1 James McNeill was installed as governor general of the Irish Free State. Perhaps Per-haps the most interesting event in the empire, outside of Great Britain was the decisive defeat of prohibition in New South Wales and Canberra, the federal district of Australia. In November the South African cabinet of Premier Hertzog resigned and he formed a new government. France, as always, devoted an enormous amount of attention to politics. pol-itics. Premier Poincare held power throughout the year. In the elections on April 22 he won a decided victory, and when he resigned in November he was persuaded to retain office and form a new ministry. The radical socialists were recalcitrant and Poin care left them out of his government The tenth anniversary found France in a gratifying state of rehabilitation. rehabilita-tion. Most of the farm homes and buildings had been rebuilt, the flooded coal mines had been restored to pro dnction anil factories had been re stored and all were busy. The franc had been stabilized and the foreign trade showed a large increase Unemployment Un-employment was almost nonexistent Tlie communists created disturb ances during the summer in Limoges Troyes and Ivry but were effectually suppressed. Several Alsatian auton omists were convicted in .May and sentenced to prison, but President Donniergue pardoned them. Scandals attending the granting of divorces by the Paris courts to Americans led to INTERNATIONAL Early In January President Coolldge Cool-ldge created a precedent by journeying journey-ing to Havana, Cuba, to attend the opening of the Pan-American confer ence and to deliver an address before that body. He returned at once, leaving leav-ing the Interests of the United States in the able hands of Charles Evans Hughes and his fellow delegates. At the instance of Mexico it was decided that the union should not have power to conisder political questions, though some of the delegates tried earnestly to make it virtually an American league of nations. Honorio Pueyrre-don, Pueyrre-don, head of the Argentina delegation, delega-tion, insisted that the union adopt a declaration against the maintenance of tariff walls between the American republics, and when Mr. Hughes would not listen to this and it was turned down by the conference. Pueyrredon resigned both from his i delegation and as ambassador to Washington. Before this occurred he and many others found occasion to denounce Intervention by one nation in the internal affairs of another, the attack of course being aimed at the policy of the United States In the case of Nicaragua. As It was evident that a resolution embodying these views could not be carried unanimously, unanimous-ly, further discussion of the subject was referred to the seventh conference. confer-ence. Definite results of .the session were: The acceptance by twenty states of a code of private International Interna-tional law; adoption of resolutions that disputes of a juridical nature be submitted to arbitration, that aggressive ag-gressive war be outlawed and the republics of America committed 'to the use of peaceable means for the settlement of all disputes between them; the beginning of the codifica tlon of International law; the signing of a convention on commercial avla tion, and the putting into full effect of the Pan-American sanitary code In December there was a serious threat of warfare between Bolivia and Paraguay over the disputed Grnn Chaco region. At the same time a Pan-American conference on conci'ia tion and arbitration opened in Wash ington. and its first efforts were di reeled toward averting this outbreak ot hostilities. The council of the League ot Nations also urged the two republics to settle their quarrel with out resort to arms. On February 6. the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the sign Ji'K of the first treaty between the NECROLOGY Among the well-known persons taken tak-en by death were the following: In January: Loie Fuller, dancer; Emily Stevens and Dorothy Donnelly, actresses; Marvin Hughitt, railroad builder; Thomas Hardy and Vicente Blasco Ibanez, novelists; Louis Post, l'aleott Williams and Arthur Clarke, journalists; F. H. Stead, English editor; edi-tor; Earl Haig. commander in chief of British armies in the World war, and Admiral J. M. de Robeck of the British Brit-ish navy; Maj. Gen. G. W. Goethals, builder of the Panama canal; Rear Admiral Victor Blue, U. S. N. ; Andrew MacLeish, E. L. Ryerson and William Du Pont, commercial magnates; Count Hugo Hamilton, Swedish statesman, and the earl of Warwick. In February: Herbert Asquith, earl of Oxford, former British premier; Prince Charles Llchnowsky, German diplomat ; Marshal Armando Diaz, Italian commander in chief in World war; Eddie Foy, veteran comedian; E. B. Butler, Chicago millionaire merchant; mer-chant; James L. Ford, author. In March: William H. Crane and Nora Bayes, actors; Rodman Wana-maker, Wana-maker, merchant prince, and J. v. Packard, automobile pioneer; Senators Sena-tors W. N. Ferris of Michigan and Frank B. Willis of Ohio; W. C. Sproul, former governor of Pennsylvania ; Viscount Vis-count Cave, British statesman, and Gustav Ador, ex-President of Switzerland. Switzer-land. In April : Chauncey M. Depew ; Congressman Con-gressman J. A. Gallivan of Boston and Martin B. Madden of Chicago; Stun-ley Stun-ley J. Weyman, novelist, R. C. Carton, dramatist, and Charles Sims, artist, all of England; Dr. Sanger Brown, noted nlienist ; John A. Dix. former governor gover-nor of New York; E. M. Stntler, hotel owner; Floyd Bennett, famous aviator; avi-ator; Archbishop Mora y del Kin of .Mexico; Baron Peter Wraitgel. leader of "White" Russians. lu May: Congressmen T. C. Sweet equally insistent against the McNary-Haugen McNary-Haugen farm relief measure and when both bouses passed It he vetoed It. Another major piece of legislation was the finance hill which reduced taxes more than $200,000,000. The Boulder Canyon dam project, so dear to California, Cali-fornia, was the subject of a long and bitter fight. T'.ie house passed the bill, but when congress adjourned on May 29 It was left as unfinished business in the senate. Congress assembled for the short term on December 3 with small prospect of passing any important measures except tlie necessary supply bills. The Republicans decided I bat the matter of tariff revision should he taken up early in January, but it was virtually agreed upon that this and farm relief should be passed on to a special session v:hich Mr. Hoover had said he would call. President Coolidge in his message gave an account of his stewardship for five and a half years and pictured the state of tlie nation as most favorable, with peace, prosperity pros-perity and good ."ill unprecedented. The senate passed the Boulder dam bill amended to meet objections. President and Mrs. Coolidge spent their summer vacation at a fishing lodge in northern Wisconsin. Their son John went to work in the offices of an eastern railroad, and in November Novem-ber his engagement to Miss Florence Trumbull, daughter of the governor of Connecticut, was announced Tlie convention of the American Legion was held in San Antonio, Texas., Tex-as., in October and Paul V. McNutt was elected national commander. At the same time tlie United Spanish War Veterans met in Havana. Cuba, n September the Grand Army of the Republic Re-public held its encampment in Den vcr and chose John Reese for its com mander-in-ehief. AERONAUTICS Col. Charles Lindbergh carried over into the new year with his tour of actor. DISASTERS No disasters comparable to the Mississippi Mis-sissippi floods afflicted tlie United States in 1928, but 'southern Florida was swept by another tropical storm in September that killed 2,200 persons per-sons and did vast property damage. The same storm already had ravaged the Antilles, the losses in Porto Rico being especially heavy. A sensationa! event in November was the sinking of tlie steamship Vestris off the Virginia Vir-ginia capes with the loss ol 111 lives. Of other disasters tlie worst were: In January: Russian stealer foundered foun-dered In the Black sea, 200 being drowned ; mine explosion at West Frankfort, Tenn., killed 21. In February: Feb-ruary: Twelve killed by oil refinery' explosion In Everett, Mass.; fire in Hollinger gold mine at Timmins, Out., killed 39 In March: Landslide In Santos, Brazil, killed 200; San Fran-clsquito Fran-clsquito dam near Los Angeles broke and 436 were drowned ; destructive earthquakes In Italy and at Smyrna with many deaths. In April : Earthquakes Earth-quakes In the Balkans, In Greece and in Peru fatal to many. In May: Mine explosion at Mather, Penn., killed 198. In June: One hundred perished In a tornado in Oklahoma. In July: Three hundred drowned when a Chilean transport sank; Libog, In the Philippines, Philip-pines, destroyed by volcanic eruption. In August: Italian submarine was sunk in collision, 27 men drowning. In September: Sep-tember: Theater fire In Madrid, Spain, was fatal to about 120. In October: French submarine was sunk by a steamer and 43 were lost. In November: Novem-ber: Destructive floods In Missouri and K'-msas; terrible storms on the Atlantic coast of Europe and on the Black sea. rostiliing In the loss of many lives. In December: An earthquake earth-quake in southern Peru wrecked several sev-eral towns and killed about 200 persons. per-sons. l: to Wi-.-tci n Nrvvyinpi,i UuUm.) DOMESTIC Nothing else was so interesting to the people of the United States as the business of selecting their next President. Presi-dent. The campaigning started early, and from the beginning it was tolerably toler-ably apparent that Secretary of Commerce Com-merce Herbert Hoover would win the Republican nomination, and that Gov. Al Smith of New York would head the Democratic ticket. Tlie G. O. P. national na-tional convention met on June 12 in Kansas City with the Hoover delegates strongly entrenched, the only , other prominent candidates being Frank O. Lowden of Illinois and Senator Charles Curiis of Kansas. Lowden w.-fs supported by the leaders of farm or ionizations who wanted tlie Mc-Nary Haugen agricultural relief bill, and they promised that there wuld he u tremendous demonstration by farmeis if the convention did not at least adopt a platform plank to their lik ing. This turned out to i,v a false alarm, and Hoover went over easik on tlie first ballot after the resolutions committvre had fixed up a platform to conform to his policies. Senator Cur tis was consoled with the noniinatioo for Vice President. Mr. Hoover selected select-ed Secretary of the Interior Robert (' Work for chairman of tlie uatioual |