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Show - 0'" iy f np 0 9 9 (J i U m w p w 0 t1 p p if p Soviet Slump: Kremlin Has Economic Problems By JOHN DORNBERG Newsweek Feature Service said Josef Socialism, MOSCOW Stalin, can succeed only on the basis of a high productivity of labor, on the basis of an abundance of products and of articles of consumption of all kinds . . If Stalin, were alive today, he would be forced to jump to one of two ugly conclusions: either he was wrong (unthinkable), or else (and more likely) his successors have made such a botch of things that 52 years after the Great Revolution, Russian society is still leagues from becoming a socialist utopia. Russias economy is bogged down in a morass of confused priorities, muddled goals and dithering leadership that is producing several curious paradoxes: At a time when workers wages are higher than ever (about $125 a month on the average), the government isnt of- y p DESERET NEWS buy better, cheaper, mote efticiont and better designed front any other industrialized country in the world." One of the factors most ditectly responsible for Russias economic doldrums is deeply looted in Communist the centralization of all ecoideology nomic power in the hands of a small band of bureaucrats in the Kremlin. The goods that are made available, and the prices charged for them, are determined arbitrarily, with no eye for maiket needs. For the past several years, there has been an effort to remove some of the economic power from Moscow and to instill the profit motive as a criterion of success in local areas instead of, as has always been the measur of excellence in Russia, the blind fulfillment of (often unneeded) quotas. But most observers feel that the Ktemlin will not stand for loo much decentralization. After all, it is their tight control of the massive bureaucracy that keeps the leaders in power. Perhaps the most pressing problem facing the Brezhnev Kosygin axis concerns priorities. As the gross national product of the Soviet Union has grown, demands have come from all sectors for increased budgets. The military, citing the need for tight control over Czechoslovakia and a nuclear weapons gap with the U.S., has so far won out. The Kremlins greatest dilemma, says one Western diplomat, is that it is fying to burn the candle at both ends. To improve its economy, military posture and standard of living, it needs more technology and more efficiency, which means more people who think for themselves. But on the other side of the coin, the regime is doing everything in its power to suppress and intimidate in, fering its citizens enough goods on which to spend their cash. Russians are hoarding their money; personal savings have risen 221 per cent in the last seven years. At a time when the Soviet government desperately needs foreign currency, all its citizens can find to buy, of any quality, are foreign goods. At a time when the cry is out for efficiency in the labor force, the Soviets still maintain a system that is widely in regai dcd as the most the world, employing at least two workers for every job that could be done by one. And at a time when socialism seems to be creeping into Western society, the only rational solution for Russias economic woes appears to be a modified form of capitalism. To some extent, the countrys current plight is a symptom of health, not illness. The long industrial and agricultural revolutions in the U.S.S.R. have transformed the nation from a hungry society to a sufficient society and, now, to an -- A Soviet windowshopper ot GUM, labor-wastef- the big a 1 Moscow department aspiring society. No longer so desperate to fill their bellies, Soviet citizens are of the creature comforts seeking happens to have tomatoes, or just in case Shoe Store No. 79 has size 10s, or in case Hat Store No. 21 has hats, period. affluence faster than the government can Consumers pay dearly for the privilege of standing for hours in endless lines. During one recent shopping tour, the following were representative prices: 39 cents each ; eggs lemons 17 cents bar of chocolate each; a $1.40; and tomatoes $6.66 a pound. provide them. Nowhere is this more evident than in the consumer marketplace, where demand far outstrips supply and the customer is always wrong. A Russian shopper wouldn't think of leaving his apartment without a net bag called an avoska, which, translated means just in case. It comes in handy just in case Vegetable Store No. 66. $ .Despite the astronomical prices, Moscow consumers clean the shelves of the GUM and ZUM department stores of foreign goods as soon as they are filled, for store. quality and style are not hallmarks of Russian goods. Even the heavy industrial products which the Soviets peddle to the rest of the Communist bloc nations are markedfishing trawlers that ly inferior require twice the crew of a Polish ship with the same capacity; tractors too heavy' for anything but frozen soil; airplanes so crudely outfitted that purchasers have them restyled in Western Europe. There is nothing they produce," says a Latin American diplomat posted in Moscow, "which our industrialists cannot lT1Tt,lrfVt ; dependent thinkers. So for the foreseeable future, at least, Russian housewives will still have to rely the just in heavily on that old faithful case bag. Friday, A15, August 29, 1969 OUR MAN JONES Grandpa's Lucrative I 5 Mud Puddlei '(Editor's Note: Harry Jones t$ on vacation, and whit he's away we have exhumed several of h' delightful old "Grandpa Jackson" stories.) Bv HARRY JONES One of the best summers we ever spent was the one we spent when a kid over at Grandpa Jacksons place in Strawberry Flats. O n e morning Grandpa was going to the Penney general store to pick up some coal oil, a sack of sugar, a hat that G r andnia Jackson li a d ordered and a set of horse shoes Gove rnraen for t, Grandpas old horse. Mr. Jones The store was a mile south and theji you made a right angle turn west. The general store was run by a young niJn named J. C. Penney. ( lie and Grandpa would haggle over prices for about 15 minutes, but always' came to an agreement in the end. Grand'-"- ' pa often said J. C. was too easy never would be successful. Anyway, this particular day, one the first Fords we ever saw passed juXO, as we climbed up on the surrey. The cars engine backfired and old "Government,,.. shied and took off on the dead run . . which was unusual for him. He didn take off down the road, but through tlTe'M' fence, across the corn field, and wouldn't?1-stono matter how Grandpa pulled on-the reins and no matter what Grandpa called him. t Goal Of Higher Education : E Pluribus Unum' By LAVOR K. CHAFFIN THEY'RE YOUR SCHOOLS Deseret News Education Editor The great challenge in the governance of Utah's colleges and universities, succinctly stated by the state's new Commissioner of Higher Education, is reaching the goal of e pluribus unum. cation. Dr. Durham emphasized, in accepting his new position earlier this week, that it is not only necessary to create a unified system, it also is imperative to preserve institutional diversity. The task will be as difficult as al- tering tradition and history. Utahs higher education heritage is one of individual institutions, not that of a system. In some respects the colleges and universities have been either vigorously or subtly resisting efforts at coordi- The Latin phrase, as most school children do and all American c i t izens should know, means one out of many or one composed of anti-syste- many. The leadership task facing the new commissioner, Dr. G. Homer Durham, is to take Utahs state colleges and weld them into a single system of higher edu- - , nation. The creation of a single board of higher education to govern all the schools has not and will not automatically change the institution even though former members of institutional boards now sit on the single board. This weeks meeting of the board, one YOUR HEALTH of the first public sessions it has held, presented clear evidence that old loyalties still are strong. The various schools still have their partisans their advocates in court, if you will. Before Dr. Durham can get the schools together hell first have to bring members together some of their who now are the State Board of Higher Education. While he is doing this, Dr. Durham also will have to encourage the public to make even greater efforts toward the support of higher education. His use of the phrase e pluribus unum may have been subtle as well as succinct. The phrase appears on many U.S. coins. Despite tradition and the size of the task, Utahns have sound reason for optimism over higher educations future. By HAROLD LUNDSTROM MUSICAL WHIRL Deseret News Music Editor Be Done For Stroke Victim J. STEINCROHN, M.D. Dear Dr. Steincrohn: I recall when my grandfather had a sLoke not too many years ago. Our family doctor, one of the best, said: Theres nothing anyone can do for him except keep him at rest in bed. After a few weeks, he got as a complication and died. r Things have changed. My neighbors father had a stroke a few months ago, pneu-tnon- ia with one whole side paralyzed. He was unable to talk. Its fantastic how many things are being done to make him recover the use of his arm, leg and speech. Mrs. U. What a difference. COMMENT: Not only has there been a change but an actual in the management of stroke. Even before it happens we try to take preventive measures. To delay or prevent the obstructive clot in a brain artery or an actual hemorrhage in the brain, we tell patients to keep their freight normal; keep their cholesterol within normal bounds; treat their diabetes or hypertension; try to live in lessened tension. In some who give early evidence of trouble in the brains circulation we even prescribe blood thinners to prevent clots from forming. But suppose it has already happened. Circulation has been cut off in a poition of the brain, and as in your friends fathers case, has caused disability in movement and speech. As you can see, these days the doctor does not commit the patient to bed and just wait to see what else will happen. We get the patient out of bed as soon as possible so he wont lie there immobile. inviting extensive bedsores or pneumonia. We do not allow idleness to cause wasting of muscles. To promote muscle tone shortly after a stroke we use various types of physical therapy such as massage, electrical stimulation. Ilis will power and cooperation often spell the difference between a lifetime of invalidism and return to restricted activity. Speech tiierapy is important. . you or any member of your family would Itka bookiet, "22 Wavs to Prevent and Treat Coronary Disease," send 25 cents in coin and a slamned, envelope to Dr. Steincrohn, In care of tne Deseret News, P. O. Box 1257, Self Lake City, Utah fo If 54110. In Dr. Durham, the college board has an exceptionally able, experienced and sensitive leader. Although reared and largely educated in Utah, he has both studied, taught and held top administrative positions outside the state. This background gives him great sensitivity to Utah strengths and weaknesses along with the experience and perception necessary to put the Utah picture in proper perspective. The college board is to be commended for its choice. But the board itself, despite its early reluctance for public exposure, ir a reason for optimism. Its 14 men and one woman are persons of unquestioned stature and ability. As individuals they may sometimes vote as partisans and advocates, but as they work together with Dr. Durham and his staff their loyalties will shift to a wider area the entire state and Utahs properly diverse institutions will become one system. 'You Were There For Graff man Debut Much Can Now Bv PETER MERRY-GO-ROUN- D Gary Graffman has done some very remarkable playing hereabout such as playing the Tchaikovsky B Flat Minor, and the Beethoven Emperor concertos with the Utah Symphony Orchestra and Maurice Abravanel, to be specific. But he has done nothing quite so remarkable and exciting as his introduction of the Brahms Variations on a Theme by Paganini to the Salt Lake Civic Music Association-Universit- y Artist Series audience that seemingly filled Kingsbury Hall Wednesday evening. It w'as remarkable because this was his first public performance of the Variations an event that was actually scheduled for much later this season. Mr. Graffman only recently was engaged to play In the place of Leon Fleischer, who has cancelled all his concerts this year because of a serious back ailment. Mr. Graffmans recital season during which he was going to introduce the Variations does not come until spring. And since he received his notice to Artist play the Salt Lake Series recital, he has been swamped with playing concertos. For example, he has played 10 different concertos with 10 different symphony orchestras in the past 14 days! Any day that he was not playing a concerto, he was, for sure, at least rehearsing concertos with the orchestras. So! With only short periods of rehearsal available to him, Mr. Graffman went to work and brought the Variations up to concert pitch for last night's recital. few, if any, listeners were aware that they were hearing him And though o ;; c f .J' Vv aI Grant Johannesm Gary GraHinan been of the opinion that any pianist is entitled to become an immortal for an exhilarating performance of these Variations. The above is part of a review published January 20, 1966. And why repeat it? This week there came from Mr. Graffman his new Columbia album (MS 7276) of the Brahms Variations on a Theme by Paganini, and the Brahms Variations and Fugue on a Theme by with a short note attached: Handel, Remember the first time I played the Paganini? . . The recorded performance, just as exciting as his own debut performance in Kingsbury Hall, is even more crisp, more assured, more breathtaking. make his debut with the 'Variations, they were enjoying an opportunity to hear the rarely played number . . . This is not to indicate that Mr. Graffman is foolhardy and runs where other artists fear to tread. lie enjoys a fantastic technique which, to a large degree, eliminates the formidable challenge of even hitting the correct keys. APPOGGIATURAS - Utahs own Mr. Graffman also has a musical insight and dedication going for him that are in full accord v'ith how he believes the Variations should be interpreted. internationally celebrated pianist, Grant Johannesen, has been engaged to replace Byron Janis as soloist with the New York Philharmonic in performances of Beethovens Concerto for Piano and Orchestra No. 3 in the New York Parks Concerts, and at New Haven, Ottawa, and in Detroit at the Meadowbrook Festival. No reason has been given for the change, but a week ago the New York Times published a very negative review of Mr. Janis performance of the Beethoven All these qualities backed him up excitingly with a worthily dynamic and disciplined performance. His elasticity of tempo and dynamics from start to finish would certainly defeat a less skillful pianist and musician. This elasticity of tempo and dynamics, which is always dangerous, is also fantastically exciting when it comes off and it did! Mr. Graffman is, indeed, a pianist who takes chances and succeeds because of his artistry and musicianship. This department has long a Central Park performance. Anyway, whatever the reason, who better to play the Beethoven Third than Grant? . . . The distinguished cellist, Gabor Rejto, who teaches at the University of Southern California (USC) during the winter and each summer at the Music Academy of the West in Santa Barbara that Maurice Abravanel directs, Is embarking on a world concert tour next month. Several of Utahs top cellists have studied with Professor Rejto . . . Third ic in with the New York Philharmon- by Brickman the small society 1 ET14NI HAVING HIS HAl PFeNPP ifii VTVs. AMERICAN UNIO- N- y 0-2- 4 Russ Letting U.S. Olive Branch Wilt By JACK ANDERSON - The olive "branch WASHINGTON that President Nixon has offered to Rus- sia is showing signs of wilt. Soviet leaders have been careful not to spurn the drooping peace sprig, but neither have they grasped it. The diplomats of both countries still pay lip service to Soviet - American cooperation. They continue to meet informally and to sound out one another about settling our differences. In Bucharest earlier this month, President Nixon told Soviet Ambassador Alexander Basov: I hope my next journey will be to Moscow. But the President has received no invitation to Moscow, and the Kremlin has shown no eagerness to open negotiations. Party boss Leonid Brezhnev, for example, sent written assurances to Egypts President Nasser that Russia would be faithful to the Arab cause at the same time that Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko talked to Assistant Secretary of State Joseph Sisco in Moscow about restraining the Arabs and easing the Middle East crisis. The Kremlin has held back, too, from the disarmament table where Russian and American negotiators were supposed to talk about controlling strategic arms. Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin has also extended his stay in, Moscow. This has delayed any resumption of the friendly, informal exchanges between the Soviet ambassador and Secretary of State Bill Rogers. Soviet ardor for President Nixon has been cooled by two American moves: 1. Soviet leaders were annoyed with Nixon for visiting Romania at a time when the Kremlin is trying to tighten its hold on the satellites. The annoyance changed to alarm when Nixon received the warmest welcome ever accorded a foreign visitor since the Communist takeover. This was a signal to all satellite leaders that they could gain popularity with their people by taking a more line. To dampen the effect of the Nixon visit, the Kremlin sent Konstantin Katushev, a master of the veiled tnreat, to Bucharest to attend the Romanian Party Congress. This same Katushev was a key figure in the Soviet crackdow-- on Czechoslovakia when Czech leaders became We went through the corn field, across the first cutting of hay. We t. thinned 30 acres of beets and then burst through the raspberries right in front oim-- . Mr. Penneys store. All Grandpa said was, Dont tellr! your Grandmother and remember that the shortest distance between two points We never forgot'"' is a straight line. Even when Mr. Einstein tried to say ft wasnt, we believed Grandpa. a Grandpa didnt even quibble with Mr Penney. He didnt speak to anyone dinner that night. But about 10 p.m.,J Grandpa Jackson put down his paper and stomped outside. We didnt know where Grandpa hdcK v gone until Aunt Millie came in asking what was wrong with Grandpa. He js,fV I plowing in the dark and cutting furrow across the road, she told Grandma. ' Grandpa never said a word to anyone,, , ,; But when his watering turn came tlyt. r ,, next day, he flooded the furrows he had cut across the road with irrigation water. We had more mud than a political paign. We didnt know what Grandpa had fh1'1' mind until about 11 oclock the nexf'f morning. A car, an Overland, got bogged'11' down. Grandpa hitched up old Govern-a- n ment and pulled the car out of the mud.iy Proved you always need a horse around. He must have pulled about 50 cars out of his mud puddle that summer for, a. small fee. . After that, when spinning a few yarns down at the store, Grandpa always said that Henry Ford put one of the boys.v. through school. In later years, people thought Grandpa was talking about the Fprd FoundavV. tion. . Wit's End Lets hope that the candidates fot thev' city commission give us more of a choice than voting for tweedledum or tweedlc-dee. , li!!illll!!!lllllllllllllll!lllli:il!ll!llllll!llllllllll!llilllllllllllllllllll BIG TALK 'ia;' : 0 ' V too independent. In two long huddles with Romanian leader Nieolae Ceausescu, Katushev warned him against any more direct dealings with the United States. 2. The Kremlin was perturbed over President Nixons friendly overtures to Peking at the same time that Russians and Chinese were clashing along the Sinkiang border. No problem is more sensitive inside the Kremlin right now than the Chinese question. The American gestures to Red China, therefore, are considered unfriendly to Russia. Soviet leaders are understandably nervous over the possibility that China and the U.S. some day might join forces against Russia. On the government level, the Soviets have bepn careful not to show; any outward hostility toward the U.S. Such government leaders as Premier Alexei Kosygin and Foreign Minister Gromyko have continued to encourage friendly relations w ith the United States, I'szv; v One guy in Northern Ireland has solved the violence problem. He wears a little arm band that.f, savs 'atheist.'" From photo taken for tho Deseret daily Birthday feature. Nowt popular lllllllllllllillllllllllllHIIIIIINIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlltlllllir v" |