Show f The Herald Journal Logan Utah Sunday December 2 1990-P- age 29 Researcher sees hope for humanity in chimps By Jm Dawson MinneapoBe-S- Paul Sty Tribune L In a decade in which peace has become the single most important public issue it is essential to introduce the accumulated evidence that for humans making peace is as natural as making Whit do politicians and chimpanzees have in common? Both kiss babies when running office It may sound like a joke but it isn’t Long-terobservations of die behavior of chimps are uncovering startlingly humanlike social structures that include an inordinate morn of fawning over babies by male chimps trying to gain dominance 1 over a group ' si' The social similarities of primates — a group that includes monkeys apes and Humana — many :and can make die nedcs that considers itself vastly ' superior human beings feel vexy uncomfortable Frans de Waal a reaearcher at die Universily of Wisconsin’s primate research center has been obsenring primates for years and recently began to publish papers discussing the complex primate social life he has discovered He does not shy away from comparing humans with die other primates especially when it comes to aggression “It’s not that we’re so different (from other primates)” De Waal said “Many of die basic ’social mechanisms we have are not that much different What we have is a layer of culture and language that other primates don’t have” Rather than being dismayed by the rimilaridee between humans and die “savage beasts” be finds v hope lor humanity in those comparisons hope based on how adept many primates are at resolving ? to ' m m “ - 'war animals exchanging favors with cohorts that are nice and retaliating against those that ire not Chimps typically share food with one another De Waal said but if one of die animals is stingy with food die others remember and won’t shire with him at a later feediog Primates ire concerned with upward mobility and in some species mothers will allow thdr children to play only with children from higher-clas- s members of thdr group This phenomenon common in rhesus and macaque monkeys is called “double holding” A lower-statu- s monkey will monkey and bold It grab the infont of a high-stattogether with her own child apparentiy trying to bold a bond between the two Conversely a mother will punish her child for playing with lowerdass kids Chimps and other primates regularly trade iex for food and other favors Frequent sexual actiyity is 'very common among primates and in bonobo chimps it is rampant “Sex is male to male male to female female to juvenile incest all aorta of combinations" De Waal said “Three-fourtof all sex has no reprodnctkxi functiods L and sex for food is an important part of the trading” Most revealing to DeWaal and key to his " is how primates make optimism about V peace after violent encounters v Primates live in long-tercooperative he said and it is critical for survival of the group to keep competition under controL la 1975 after tong periods of observation De Waal noticed that chimps have an elaborate system for making up after fights “It is very conspicuous with kissfag and embracing” he said The same behavior exists in other primates but is more subtle Indeed peacemaking is so important to chimps that there is a ritual involved be said If two males fight to a stalemate he said they will sit down a few yards quit facing each other us humans maHnj peace is as u wanwai war”' imHbj De Wail recently outlined his work on primates by asking a group of science writers gathered at a woricshop in Philadelphia die following questions: Do primates offer sex in exchange for favors? Do they groom each other for political reasons? Do they intentionally deceive each other? Do they anticipate die actions of other members of their - vy y group? - - - The answer to all of these questions seems to be yea De Weal said Those actions ere indications of die intricate and humanlike social behavior found in primate species Tinging from surly rhesus monkeys to gentle booobo dumps In his talk to the science writers De Waal detailed same of the findings shout primates fluff ' have emerged far recent years: conflict Male chimpanzees form coalition with other i In a recent book FracmuskingAmoag Prinuttes De Waal wrote that his main purpose is to “correct chimps to gain power Hie coalitions are based on jnwiyi cnnilitiyi “deal making" among the animals "inasmuch as ')logyll In a decade in which peace has become die single support is conditional upon what is in it for the most important public issue it is essential to partner” intnviiiM fti accumulated evidence fear for ' Reciprocity is common among chimp with die social-climbi- ng hs rela-tiomfa- m ’ ipt : There is little movement and die chimps seem to ignore each other Eventually a female will approach one of the chimps and start grooming him Then she trill go to die other and groom him Within few minutes all three are together grooming one another Then die female walks away leaving die two former adversaries to groom a friendship other and “Females have an interest in this ' because frustrated males take it out on the female” be said ' De Waal has also noticed tint when mile chimps attack female they rarely use their sharp canine teeth' It seems to be more s matter of domination than actually doing harm "When males fight each other however die consequences can be deadly In 1988 De Waal witnessed what amounted to a murder Two male chimps attacked and killed another male then castrated him W “Until that I 'had a romantic idea about reconciliation” he said “Since then I’ve realized feat reconciliation better happen” He also noted that while males fight 20 times as often as females they are much more likely to reconcile their differences than females And when females do fight it is often much more vicious than the typical fight Do Waal’s findings as well as similar primate research by other scientists are beginning to change long-hel- d ideas about die closest human relatives In die past scientists had no objection to describing chimps as rivals — it fit die “survival of the fittest” notion of evolution But scientist? did object to a lime too describing chimps as “friends” It humanlike tn he cnmfnrtahlfl What was missed by that view De Waal said was that while violence is commonplace among primates so is peacemaking frh - male-igainst-m- ale Sa - “King die troops home” the morality of a sacha war But die administration won a Naser said 'The administration victory at die United Nations and die media have ignored dial when die Security Council voted there is a red opposition on die overwhelmingly Thursday to street to die war The media have authorize die United States and been miking it sound like all die its allies to expel Iraq by force if lie are behind George President saMim does One-thinot withdraw bis forces by Jan of voten surveyed 15 ? ‘v on election day Nov 6 opposed At an Aug 22 news confer American military action that ence in Santa Monica CaliL would produce heavy casualties violent upheaval against American involvement in the Vietnam veteran Vietnam War protesters according to The New York demanded tiiat die United States Times “a level of opposition ’War withdraw its forces from Saudi readied during die Vietnam War The anti-wdud protests Arabia only after several years of fighbegan in the 1960a were credited! ' included die Rev by some and blamed by others' They 1972 DemocraticPhilip ting” The newspaper reported dut for the 1972 withdrawal of UA Benigan candidate George its survey “also found die dear forces from die only McGovern comedian Dick beginnings of die sort of partisan v America ever tost me division tint tore the country That missive movement beam Gre8?7 edcWotmd author whoee durfog Vietnam: of as smaU re titecunent notests were re--I thoae opposing American action against UA Fenian Gulf policy VMtomxpwencre in the Quit led by black which already hasrwwltW t voted Democratic btft'fooro cans of deployment nearly OOjOOT'0 than half of thoae wbo say the have Amencangfebqps itysgiAaud nation should persevere even in £ Arabian desert y’ turned’ to ne University face of many casualties voted the Peace have activists California at grandiose Berkeley epicenter I their demand die to student of fee of Republican” plans publicize upheaval But opposition to military inthat die United States refrain ’ still can make for tervention from launching an offensive pne bedfellows which invaded and ranging from against Iraq - Sproul Plaza an dut campus was strange Schles-ing-er liberal historian Arthur Kuwait &ik Larsen a Marine reaerviat Jr on die left to thoae on say they are organizing a and one of a growing number of nationwide teach-i- n it colleges UA military personnel who have die right whom Vice Resident i the Dsn Omnde bis for Dec 6 and a national student refined to serve in Saudi Arabia ’“isolationists” of die Republican rally for Jan 26 “We have a dear President Bush reportedly was Stem die war before it starts” Party ' irked by strong statements by die said Imam Naser In tarns of mmibers of prospokesman for testers the Persian Gulf anti-wNational Council of Churches die Boston-baae- d Emergency opposing a UA offensive into Coalition for Peace Justice and movement still is small but it is a in die Middle disparate and potentially powerIraq and the National Conference ful force of Catholic Bishops questioning East Pifio rd - ’ ar pres-tidend- al ““ Two-thir- W - ds - AifprotM 1 19s C Junes Akins a former UA ambassador to Saudi Arabia told 700 people who attended a recent teach-i-n on die Gulf crisis at die University of Michigan in Am ’Arbor tint a war to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation would MU tens of thouaanda of Americana and hundreds of thousands of Aral The War Resistors League in New Yorit City estimate dut about 1000 enlisted personnel in die UA miliiaiy services have applied for ' conscientious ob-jector status since the gulf crisis began A Pentagon spokesmen said die Amy approved 82 requests for conscientious objector status in 1988 74 last year and mother 74 through Nov 14 tills year a typical case four Marine reservists armounoed Monday'fo New Yodc City that tiiey 'were ‘Omacientiom objectors andiref-nse- d to report for active duty in Saudi Arams ' j" ? This is not a political decision said Keith Jones son of a 20- - year Air Force veteran who served in Vietnam "It is a matter of my own conscious moral and ethical Santas protests anti-w-ar : Howard News reaerviat The four men baaed at Fort Schuyler to die Bronx appeared at a news by “Hands Off” a student group at die New School for Social Research which supports military objectors In the Vietnam era hawks tended to dismiss the anti-wmovement until it grew so powerful it ended Lyndon Johnson’s presidency Some say it also ended die war I cannot beliefs ’optional’ for a war was pvtknpite in war in any form Jones said be “never thought” - about fighting when he signed up three years ago Colin Bootman 24 said a recutita told him: “You’re a reservist you don’t go to war” He said he was told serving in a ar ' Get set for the HOLIDAYS s) Cam ta sad aut yaumH into a ftow fiabar arlptoTof nrfe Wig pf tot ana of orofanibnal ttyliiti stgla your pratam ’ wtgyow1i ba amatad at whert thay son da wifliawigendeliiltnawewlJ Wa ora baratha fint and third Monday el tvtry i r'VSnmtaOvaemb I I 563-370- I 7 Rsf-ft- l $34BB 400sqfLmax Motel Baugh MONDAY WIG SHOPPE 3 ROOMS & HALLWAY i aqwoayw ' y ’ DEC 3rd SOMWadringtonUad Ogian Exp3rt90j : ISafc 10am-6p- m ‘ ar on iianniEi7iH:-- Mnicai © ALL F A B R I C ALL PATTERNS BULK RIBBON as available Free gift with perm! n Shampoo Spray Gel and styling brush $14 value Free with Nova Perm $42 Pro-Fusio- Walk-in- s RGIS Cache OFF yd Simplicity Vogue Butterick McCall Reg to 100 yd Welcome HAIRSTYLISTS Valley Mall Assorted widths and colors n 753-441- 1 CP d (IzM5EBI559G25 grrrr gBgyfJL t : |