Show the vr r rosti fosti BAKERS al ERIS DISCOVER DISCO VERY I 1 OF THE NILE SOURCES 1 the explorations of bruce livingston speke and grant have thrown much light upon the topography of africa u and now mr samuel white baker gold medallist Medal list of the royal geographical society tells tella us of his own discoveries in a the latest and most successful eff wort effort to trace the sources of the nile his account of his remarkable remark akle expedition has just ap appeared eared in london in two volumes mer men under the title of the albert nyanza great basin of the nile and explorations of the nile sources mr baker says that he has been permitted to succeed in completing the nile sources by the discovery of the greatest reservoir of the equatorial waters the albert Nl nyanza from which the river issues as the entire white whito nile speke and grant started from zanzibar pierced the african continent from the cast and went due west for a time turning northward to the victoria lake the object of their labors and thence home through abyssinia and egypt mr baker started from cairo and traveled against the stream of the river taking its own channel for a guide gulde as far as Gond at this point he met speke and grant on their return mr baker was naturally dis heartened of the idea that the great work was accomplished and that nothing remained for exploration 11 he asked speke spoke if there was not a leaf of laurel left for him a question frankly au answered and in words which at once restored hope and opened a new area of investigation from Gond mr baker struck southeast through ellaria El lyria described as a rich and powerful country in which however he could get no provisions for the natives refused to sell and were indeed atrocious rascals mr baker and his wife who bravely accompanied him during the whole journey were cr compelled 0 m V to select a new path they went e n east a s t cassed passed through the country w where whore ore ere more trouble was caused by the superstitions of the natives and then made mace made a sharp turn to the southwest and thence to obbo where air an elevated plateau was found fourteen hundred feet above the general level of the country on the east of the mountain rane rante the people of this region are thus described i THE OBBO PEOPLE although h the men of obbo wear a skin slung across their shoulders and loins the women are almost naked and instead of wearing the leather apron and tail tall of the La they are contented with a slight fringe of leather shreds about four inches long by two broad suspended from abelt a belt beit the unmarried girls are entirely naked or if they are sufficiently rich in finery they wear three or four strings string of small white beads about three inches in length as a covering the old ladies are antibu antiquated abed eves whose dress consists of a st string ring round the waist in which is stu stuck ek a bunch of green leaves the stalks uppermost I 1 have seen a few of the you young arg girls that were prudes brudes j indulge adu ige in tn such garments but they did lid not appear to be fashionable and were adopted jaum de one great advantage was possessed by this custom it was always clean and fresh and the nearest bush if not thorny provided a clean petticoat when in the society of thes overy every ery simple and in demeanor always modest eves I 1 could not help reflecting upon the cal cai description of our first parents and they sewed fig leaves td to gether 11 the olibo obbo country is not only desolate but the climate is lis unhealthy mr baker suffered four tour months of misery and mrs baker was wag prostrated ayag by a gastric fever the journey was then resumed in a southwesterly direction towards shoos which Is described as a lovely place the country forming a natural park remarkably well watered by hanu nu merou meroux rivulets ornamented with fine timber arid interspersed with numerous high rocks of granite which from a distance produced the tho effect of ruined castles the government is patriarchal al 1 mr arr bal bai baker speaks of the district as flowing with milk and honey lioney 01 the people precisely the same as at obbo in language and appearance 1 ipp epp darance garance exceedingly mild in their manner and anxious to be on good terms continuing their coil coll course 0 tile tire travel I 1 ers era passed kassep through immense immense prairies hindered and delayed by dangerous dan croiss swam pi ald aid again troubled by sickness soon aft afterwards arn ards however success rewarded mr I 1 bakers perseverance he tie reached haruma falls on the white nile the point to which speke tracked i tile the riv riar from victoria ria laic lake e from its ex exit atit it ii takes a kes a northern course at ka ruma it turns suddenly and directly west and when speke and grant anthe on tho the northward course left it in latitude two degrees seventeen minutes not hot to meet with it again until they arrived in latitude three degrees thirty t two vo minutes they attached great importance to au an exploration of its unknown channel the natives and the king of had assured them that the nile from victoria nyanza r which they had crossed at haruma flowed westward for several days journet journey and at length fell into a large lake cal cai called ed the luta neige 1 that this lake came the south and that the nile on entering the extremity almost immediately made its exit and as a navigable river continued its course to the north through the tile kosau and madl madi countries such in the main proved to be the truth and the exploration of this channel with the discovery of the lake lahe and the new exit of the nile ni e form the distinguishing 1 features jofs of mr r bakers memorable labors thus cheke e was right in supposing that this la lake lako k e was a second source odthe of the nile and in revealing it mr baker earned the laurel leaf he despaired of winning the route then lay jay parallel with the river and the goal pal was lake neige during this portion of the journey a terrible catastrophe occurred nd net less than the prostration of mrs baker by sunstroke and the of fosi positive tivo tive madness this scene is described by mr ur baker with great power his wl wife fe happily recovered and in due timothey tim ethey reached the lake the story of its discovery is told as follows THE annert ALBERT nyanza nyan ZA the zigzag path to descend to was so sree steep dand jand and dangerous that w e were forced to leave our oxen with X guide gulde who was to take them to magungo and wait for our arrival we commenced the descent of the steep pass on foot I 1 led the way grasping a stout bamboo my wife in extreme weakness tottered down the pass supporting herself upon my ray shoulder and stopping to rest every twenty paces after a toilsome descent of about two hours weak with years of 1 fever but for the moment strengthened by success I 1 we gained the level plain below the cliff A about a mile through flat sandy meadows of fine turf interspersed with tree sand bush brought us to the waters edge the tile waves wates were rolling upon a white pebbly beach I 1 rushed into the lake and thirsty with heat and fatigue and and with a heart full of gratitude I 1 adank drank deeply from the sources of the tho nile within a quarter of a mile of the lake was a fishing village la lage e named Va ta covia in which we ve now established ourselves everything smelt of fish and in everything looked III lii like ilke a fishing not the gentle art of england with rod and fly but harpoons were leaning against the tle the tho huts and arid lineral lines iines almost as thick as the little finger were hanging liang ilaug ingup up to arv to which were attached iron hooks of a size that said much for the tho monsters of tile the albert lake on enteric entering t the hut I 1 found a prodigious quantity of tackle the tile lines were beautifully made of the of the plantain stem and were exceedingly elastic clastic and well adapted to withstand the first rush of a heavy fish the hooks were very coarse but well barbed and varied in size from two to six inches 4 A number of harpoons and floats for hippopotami were arranged in good order and the tout ensemble of tile the hut showed that the owner was a sportsman the exit of thenice the nile from the north ern end odthe of the lake was plainly visible and mr baker designed to navigate it straight back to Gond but this purpose was finally defeated by the thu unwillingness of his escort and of residents at magungo to pass through a district where they would all be killed nothing was left therefore but to retrace his steps and after a northerly course to strike the river at the earliest point this was done at apuado tile the junction of the un uti y ame with the nile in latitude three degree degrees sand and thirty two Awo minla utes north the lake laue was named in honor lionor of tho the late prince consort tile the natives on the march were wore by turns either frightened with gifts of copper bracelet bracelets and sand beads beada A 1 but one oie chief chef asked for spirit and mr baker bakery giving him a bottle of spirits of wine was amazed tto see him drink the tile whole off coflin in one douht draught with no inore inora i perce derce perceptible off eff effect act thal than if it had been water tile tilo La are described sig sis afina loching men averaging sive five fket fret eleven andrione half inches in height with neat anit anif ant W wearing r in ca a liel helmet helmot diot diet growitz upon on tile tiie head liei this tin s curious eunious ornament tsa isa work work of f art a rt A european ladies ladles would bek hek be ta 0 1 at the fact that to perfect the a man require requires 1 s a period of from eight to ten years however tedious the operation the tile result is extraordinary the La wear most exquisite heI hel helmets metta metka all of which are formed of their own hair anulare of course fixtures at first sight it appears incredible but a min minute ute examination shows the wonderful perseverance of years in in pi producing cing eing what must be highly inconvenient tile the thick crisp bool wool wooi is woven with fine twine formed from the bar bark of a tree until it presents a thick network of felt As the hair grows through this matted substance it is submitted to the same sam e process until in the course of years a compact substance is formed like a strong felt about an inch a half thick that has lihs been trained into the shape of or a helmet A stroll strong rim of about two inches deep is formed by sewing it to gether with wilh thread and the front part of tile the helmet is protected by a piece of polished copper while a piece of the same game metal metai shaped like t the to half hilf of a bash 0 Is mitre and about a foot in langk length forms the crest the framework of the helmet being at length completed it must be perfected by an arrall arrangement ement of beads should the owner of th the head be s sufficiently rich to indulge in the coveted distinction tile the beads most in fashion are the red and the blue porcelain about the size of small peas these are sewn on the surface of the felt and so beautifully fully rully arranged in sections of blue and red thab that the entire helmet appears to be forn formed led of beads and the handsome crest of polished copper surmounted by ostrich plumes pl unies gives a most dignified and martial appearance to this tw cia cla elaborate borato borate head dress no helmet is supposed to be complete without a row of shells sheils stitched atit ched around the rim irim so as to form a EL solid edge with a chief of this tribe named commodo Com moro mr baker had bad an interesting conversation the englishman tn had a gd noticed that the deadware dead were always exhumed and suspected the existence of some same inchoate idea of the resurrection commodo Com moro however declared that he held man to be a weak sort of beast much weaker than an ox and often less sensible the ox getting food without sowing and gave tile the following sketch of his system of ethics and idea of the resurrection AFRICAN THEOLOGY do you see fee no dlf dif difference feren ce in good and bad tad actions com commodo in oro yes there are good and bad in men and beas beasts ts do you think that a good man and a bad must share the same fate and alike die and end commodo yes what else can they do how can they help dying good and bad allele all ali die dle their bodies perish but their spirits remain the good in happiness the bad in misery if you have no belief in a future state wily should a man be good why should h he not be bad if he can prosper by wickedness commodo most people aie ale are bad if they are 1 strong tron thod they tale take taie from front the weak the good people popie are all alt weak they are good because they are iipp strong enough to be bad ad some 0 o in e corn ii hini hint A been taken out ant of a sack for the tile horses and a few grains lying scattered zeatter ed on the ground round I 1 tried the beautiful of st paul as an example orn ora future state making aking a small hole with my nin 1 finger in the tho ground I 1 placed a grain within it itt that I 1 said represents you N 4 I 1 u when you oil die covering atwith it earth I 1 continued that grain will decay iut int lut but nion fion it will rise the plant t that baff wilt pro produce due a reappearance of the tiie original form eom Com commodo om moro exactly aey so that I 1 under underhand and but the original grain does ewt in rise again I 1 it t rots like the dead dedd inan roan and Is ended the not the same grain that we buried but the production of that grain grat in so it 1 s wili with maui manri mauri mau man rl I die and decay and am ended but my children arc grow IV up I 1 like ilke ike file tile he fruit of the grain some olno olne men inen ha haveis veno velo vono children and some gra grains ins perish without fruit then all ail are ended baided 0 ASTUNO FOR tuh TUB BALLOTIN mr john stuart has bas presented in the tile house of comm ans a Ieti pet tion ilion in favor odthe of the bf tf the suffrage sui sul frago Frage 11 to t was signed lie be showed 1 belevan ba be I 1 eleven leven hundred and fifty ladies beio belo n to 0 the upper and 1 niddie classsen class ses e s a all ali F 0 of whom thel address hd dress FAILING cf OF or CHILD libua I 1 t x I 1 co A curious fact is ts stated in it t tilo the report of the board of education D id is also ulo ul alo o noticed in irk the report of tb ente li on birulis birt lis nar alae antl anil 1 nd deatris de it atlis to the tile deflect aliat at the tile relative nitter af children eh ildren lidren in las lag has las I 1 cm ven sfa sta sr dily diminished ti pins puns piny pa furty years yearb yarb tile the per ostace i 1 en to the populate pop util has fallen ft 1 TW HI 1 in n 1820 to 0 o 2292 in ISM mot a relative lo 10 loss t nf af eight per petr cent |