Show FOODS EATING AND NUTRITION since the closing of Dr Halls series of lectures in the brigham young academy a desire has been widely expressed for their publication in a more unabridged form than was given in the brief synopsis during the institute week commencing with today there fo rethe news will present one in each saturday evenings issue until the series has all been published it will perhaps strike my hearers unpleasantly that my first lecture bears the prosaic title foods eating and nutrition it is necessary however to dwell upon it as a background to the lectures which follow this subject is the new link or newly understood link between the school and the home one of the most attracting if not attractive sights in the kensington museum london is a series of vessels graduating from a large jar to a small phial they are marked respectively oxygen 92 lbs ibs carbon 31 lbs hydrogen 14 lbs ibs nitrogen 4 lbs ibs calcium I 1 th ib phosphorus 14 lbs ibs and eight other minerals in fractions of an ounce all of which make up john doe who died in the hospital not a grain of his original weight being lost such is man minus something which physical science cannot touch the analysis might have been made by another series of chemicals as proteins fats carbohydrates carbo hydrates and various minerals but suffice to draw the conclusion that man Is of the earth earthy six lbs ibs of food and drink dally daily are required to compensate the waste during active life the work of digesting and issimil assimilating abing means merely that so many pounds of a lower compound are torn apart and recombined in a higher this requires the expenditure of much energy it is easily demonstrable that every element of our bodies is directly or indirectly traceable to solar forces scientifically therefore we are from a physical point of view at least children of the sun BODIES wonderfully MADE consider the living body from another point of view fourteen thousand billion cells make up the body and million cells the brain each cell call presents under the microscope 16 well defined parts each of these parts contains millions of molecules molecule Sr and each molecule a myriad of hypothetical atoms man to Is wonderfully made I 1 two million seven hundred thousand heat units a heat unit to is the amount of heat necessary to raise a pound of water one degree fahrenheit Faren heit are required daily to keep up the chemical action which we call life enough heat to cook the flesh off our bones were we covered for thirty hours withhold with gold toil foil one fifth of this energy goes to produce muscular action uie the rest to is used in digestion keeping in mind that digestion includes every process of the body not expended in muscular activity our bodies are machines tor for distributing energy we live mainly to digest and digestion is life it is the kind of digestion that determines the kind of life digestion on a low plane produces dull eyes doughy features coarse tissues and a stupid brain higher and more elaborate digestion produces all that contrasts with this coarseness the flashing eye the beautiful countenance te nance the silken hair the elastic carriage the marvelous powers of body and mind the old adage it is not what we eat that gives us power but what we digest should have this qualification what we digest on a high plane food lies therefore at the bottom of all human achievement much attention has haa been given to different kinds of food and their effects in muscle producing bone producing and brain producing and d lets diets based on the kinds of work to be done axe are common in medical doctrine students often go to ridiculous extremes on a fish diet owing to the notion as the german proverb puts it without phosphorous pho there can be no thought it if excessive phosphorus were the cure for dullness I 1 should often feel like prescribing whale tor for certain students in my classes the will to live the desire to push upward is the primal or fundamental force force in nature it is a movement which the child illustrates by mouth and arms almost at its first breath it is the necessary law of existence the law of the cell is divide or die that is when the cell has grown to a certain size it loses the power of get ting nutrition for further growth without becoming two cells out of this necessity has grown the multiplicity of animated forms the law of existence is eat or be eaten you shall be my food otherwise I 1 cannot escape becoming yours all wings legs fins tails or other means of locomotion have been evolved in obedience to this law evolved either to get food or escape being made food all teeth bills claws or other means of attack or defense are also the result of this law the reason they differ is that animals have singled out under necessity different kinds of food the following of exclusive lines of living is sufficient to explain the di ference in the bill of the duck and the woodpecker or the jaws of the wolf and the hare certain animals have developed the power to hibernate which is likewise connected with the law of food or rather the absence of food others ha or sink into the mud when the season of food scarcity cornea comes around the area of animate life fluctuates according to this same law where food is plentiful and danger to life small animals swarm as the case with rabbits in australia the coun ter check which nature furnishes is ali ways some other form of life which begins to prey upon the dominant race food even from the point of view or of political economy is the first form of ty with every race if a man has nothing else he seeks to provide himself with the immediate means of prolonging life it to is likewise a a striking fact that almost everything in the world serves somebody or something for food the scale oi of nutrition Is so wide even with human beings that one is astonished at natures power of accommodation clays of various kinds even serve this purpose and the immunity of children from foreign substances taken into the stomach is no less surprising one nurse who was watching the experiment of what a child may eat wit without hoit inconvenience reported that her baby during one day swallowed one button a piece of rag a taste from the paint brush and she believed a small bullet suggestive of the law of eat or be eaten is the childs instinctive fears of an open mouth with a grinning row of teeth or of bf widely straining eyes it points to a time when our ancestors had to face ugly brutes in the forest and battle for their lives the childs instinctive fear of the touch of fur points to a similar origin even our smile which is now so spiritualized spi ritualized and responds mainly to emotions of beauty first began with a tendency to open the mouth preparatory to swallowing an unusual lly tempting morsel while the primal purpose of food the purpose illustrated by the anima creation is to prolong life man has added another the desire to work and accomplish results that he can leave behind him this leads to the question how can he economize the energy needed for digestion so as to have more for muscular activity such a need led to cooking our food and fire became therefore not only the emblem of the home but it may tie be named as one of the primal forces of civilization cooking conserves energy the better the cooking the more is energy conserved coa served it is maintained bv some chemists that processes may in the future be so perfected that we shall be able to pour out of a flask into the jugular vein the elixir of life as it now enters the heart from the digestive organ sand thus do away with about thirty feet of intestinal canal I 1 am gratified that I 1 shall ashall not live to see that day I 1 prefer too well the idle pleasures of the palate to a flask and stopcock stop cock originally all digestion was by the skin then by the skin in folded so as to make of the animal an elongated tube with apertures aper tures at each end for the reception of food then the necessity of choosing between foods led to one orifice being specialized for in egress the other for egress the quest for foods led to the sense of touch and from touch by future specialization grew and smell appetite may be called the physical physic iLl conscience and taste its pre casor smell la Is but a spiritualized spi ritualized form of kasteas tas teas when we say anything tastes like a bedbug we mean as a bedbug smells from so primitive a condition has animal life risen to the complexity of our organs the most marvelous mechanism known to man the heart alone lifts dally pounds no other mechanical contrivance can compare with it for amount of work save perhaps the muscle which holds up the upper eyelid all forms of death and disease are starvation Whenever When for any reason the blood cannot reach any cell it dies of starvation we call it disease when life can go on in spite of it death when it touches a vital organ digestion and an d life therefore are ed it if not as cause and effect yet as C but there Is a higher form of digestion wt not yet spoken of 01 it goes on in the langsand lun lungs gsand and the product is oxygen lung digestion is at the basis of all higher mental work and other things I 1 equal the mind varies in power and clearness according to the quality of air furnished the lungs abw it may be well now from this fragmentary exposition to draw attention to some specific phases that affect education 1 the muscles are digestive organs it is not possible to live a complete healthful life and neglect this fact young ladies should bear it in mind when they pause to take a street car to their homes only two or three blocks away the muscles will not do their part of digestion unless they be exercised the science of biology emphasizes therefore the edict placed upon adam there is no complete life without work of both hand and brain 2 the brain is a digestive organ it consumes relatively more blood and better blood than any other organ of the body nay out of the red blood it refines for its own internal circulation and nutrition a superior colorless fluid which flows from cell to cell neglect of brain culture is detrimental to the entire physical life stupidity stands for incomplete brain digestion which leaves the tissues coarse grained the impression is abroad that unusually active brains are in danger of paralysis nothing can be further from the truth it is the unused brain or the brain used only in certain grooves that is likely to break down tanking is essential to health 3 conversely beautiful complex tons ions shapely features graceful vigor our bodies and brilliant minds though dependent upon completeness and thoroughness of digestion are equally dependent upon what is digested you cannot make a silk purse out of a sows bows ear no matter how elaborate th method nine children out of ten who are set down as stupid and dull are merely starved starved either as to the amount or the variety of food every cell in the body has a separate appetite and if the blood does not carry what it wants it starves or lives a dwarfed life and a collection of dwarfed particles make a dwarfed body do you see that in education we e cannot escape from the physical basis of life it conditions all the rest where a child cannot have both it is better to have much wholesome food and little schooling than poor food and much schooling the cook is therefore intimately related to the teacher no better safeguard against evil temptations can be iriven ff ven a yount man than s P well balanced alced pov por j of nutron tn poor cooking and excessive fatigue are the two thing which more than anything else lead to intemperance the foundation of education lies therefore on these cornerstones corner stones 1 there must be plenty of wholesome food 2 it must be well cooked 3 children must be encouraged to eat generously of it 4 complete nutrition on the highest plane must be Insl insisted sted upon which is possible only by vigorous exercise of body and mind knights of old spent their lives during the crusades under the motto defenders of the faith let every teacher and every parent enlist first of all under the banner defenders of health dr hall closed his lecture amid prolonged applause in to the lecturer I 1 will say that the composition of the foregoing to is the reporters dr halls ideas being given as faithfully as notes taken in long hand would permit N L N |