Show PURITY OF WATER AND ICE the question of obe analysts analyse as ae a definite test of abe purity of ice or water having baring been raised in we action 0 city inspector greenwald wald la in oon con demuling joe ioe from the ponds of mr john A hip hill six ix miles south of the city upon a bare chemical obe mical ol of the ibe water the following letter by prof kingsbury Kingi bury instructor in try at the university of utah to mr hill 1111 in IB loter lAte eRting resting and timely reading on OD the subject university or OF UTAH march 16 1897 mr job D A alil dear sir sin no one can always positively state accor according dlug to my judgment whether water la in Is jurious to health or not from the results of a chemical analysis ana lysle the same earne la Is true with respect r to a examination and also alao a bacteriological examination it is possible that there may be dia disease germs germa in water and the be chemical analysis fall fail to show ebow any appreciable amount of organic matter again we be chemical analysis may show considerable organic matter and there may not be a single disease germ present in toe the water the cher aleal analysts analysis will determine many times time whether the organic matter lo in the water to la of vegetable or animal origin but not always when there is no chlorine or only a trace of the substance present the organic matter discovered is in with all probability of plant origin who antho on the other hand considerable loe ins and even nitrates ates are found animal matter mailer way may be ba in the water or it may not the formation through which the watter waiter runs way may be highly impregnated with common malt aalt or other ol cl oridea orides and also alao with citrate alair les accumulated frum other sources than animal batterso mat terso that bat ti ese substances chlorine and nitrates buy have oo no bearing on the organic purity parity of water whatever if however there here to is a large jarge quantity of chlor chlorine loe and nitra nitrates tee in the water under consideration and none or merely traces in water from adjacent surround surroundings loge theme theae substances would then be an evidence of the organic matter being of animal origin animal matter to in 4 atwater water even le is not positive evidence of the water being bad much boa baa been done dona to in retard to ascertaining the hygienic condition 0 water the amouak of organic matter in water that might prove detrimental to health has baa been carefully considered and to my mind with not perfectly satisfactory results even up to we the present time notwithstanding ahls a decision has been reached which to is generally recognized and upon which chemists today partly or wholly interpret the result remits of their chemical examinations ami nations the rho organic matter to is determined generally by what to Is called the ammonia prove ess sod and the results interpreted as follows by Wan Wank blyn lyD who is recognized by bj many as authority on this subject when the water yields no albumin old ammonia it to Is considered organically pure if the water gives less than 06 05 part of ammonia in parts it Is way may be regarded as quite pure it the water gives 06 05 parts of ammonia in together with a considerable amount of free ammonia it to Is more or of less ion suspicious pi cious clous if water yields more than 1 part of ammonia in 1000 parts it is very suspicious abd it ii the albumin old reaches more wan ban 16 15 part in the water should be conde condemned mosA professor mallet claim wat that tt it to Is not possible to decide absolutely upon the wholesomeness or unwholesomeness of a drinking water by the th mote use of sidy any of the processes of analyses ao alysea for the estimation of organic matter master or its constituents 00 he goes still farther and states that in judging we the sanitary condition of the water not only must such processes be used iu in connection with the investigation vesti gation of other evidences of a more general sort as to we the source and history of the water but should even be deemed of secondary importance in weighing the reasons for accepting or rejecting reacting a water not manifestly unfit tor for ar drinking laking on othar grounds there are no do sound grounds grou rids on which to establish such snob general standards of purity as have bove been proposed looking to exact amounts of organic carbon or at afir aimeb ammonia aib oxy lm madof 61 permanganate consumed etc set i immiscible or not distinctions drawn by the application of suen a dard are arbitrary and mey easy be two entirely legitimate eem to be open for the useful examination by chemical moans meane of we U constituents of drinking water namely first the detection 0 aft 7 ghose pollution such an aa the abe con L b ad nation of abts t tro water of a well bursting bu or crushing of 01 I 1 exter eive leakage ot of I 1 attas isic etc glad and secondly the period of a water supply as of areat city in order that goo nor character ot of the water motor baul crual jtb ag been ascertained ate auspicious changes from tea to time may occur shall be ago jy detected and their cause in with this able latter of water analysis there a to be oo 00 objection object loo to the of ef local standards ol of 1 2 jor for drinking water based on oin awk 4 antly thorough examination ol of th water r supply io in its usual condi I 1 E bweni byg VOL I 1 page P 1 I 1 that 1 I ID a view of the I 1 what la Is and what 1 6 harmful barm fai any considerable des from the normal character ol oi hr in a given locality should 1 with suspicion it 11 la is true AM vicious students judenf of 01 the matter 0 t jamr supply apply nave formulated stand 1 a water may not overpass over paia y are however only of relative Tt Vt pr of the massachusetts of boob technology b olds boldi that an 0 standard tan daid lor for wholesome and lissome water as ai maintained by bolm impracticable anu W jig exclude many water matere which are arb to be free from baa lo 10 0 o be perfectly aly well salted for af e abc dr smart of the U BOT C nia maio loggins tatna that water may daw ammonia as aa high ar in parts and till still be carded Kar ded harmless provided the or fale imparity rity is of vage vegetable table origin US ja tar IM imga been on loon found that mou mountain have yielded to an Ys As aa mamma so aj 5 part of am noak BW I 1 ID a PA parta ra of water w with ith 00 ot belac with animal fetter to which sanitary tary are llanot UK opposed I 1 have no doubt that abe of our mountain streams before adamus tili oc down over rooke rocks through the ins would bow a still greater labaton laBat of t tan t an that riven givon q vivo from we tact fact that there Is ag vegetation in the vr which the water runs runa undergo now owl Is ii this vegetable matter detrimental to health iole loi bold bolar that thai it mut most not be that abe e presence of an X ot at vegetable matter 18 absolute IN a mattor matter of water chwa m charged may be the cause of allot me digestive organs with Ott doubt whether they WAY may alao affe ligia say any of the so called or give rise to diseases of et type la in doubtful ift kle calon of chemical bell 1001 examination of potable ir arua s abe journal of the A morlean american aemil soolefai aoe lety wa W P F mason states batea that bat sewage as a it ocean occurs in practice contains alna an immense deal of material other than that productive of disease and it Is ie upon just uit this comparatively harmless harm leaB but constantly present ma aerial that the chemist relies for the indication upon which he be bases his bie opinions he to la unable to may ay whether or not a sewage ee wage jaden lad en water to la dis ease bearing on any particular da to him all sewage is alike but be con idemne the water for we the reason that although it may be harmle cd today it is ie impossible to predict what way may b its if condition tomorrow toe the idea herein conveyed in ie not that the animal organic matter Is of itself productive of disease taut but that its if presence to in the water waier indicates that hat were im seepage from animal refuse of some characters character and hence the water may become contaminated at any time with digesse germs therme animal life the source of this animal refuse may become at any time infected with contagious diseases it II it be determined without doubt that there is ie no disease germs to in water in which there is vegetable organic matter then it to la doubtful indeed as to whether such organic matter will produce contagious diseases and there wu would old have to be considerable more organic matter present than wank lyn gives an a the limit to render water unwholesome applying all that has been thus far stated regarding water to ice the conclusion way may safely be drawn that ice containing considerable vegetable matter may be used for refrigerating purposes ae where it Is 18 not dot melted and mixed with food without the mt danger of producing digestive disturbance let alone contagious diseases dlee aee according to my judgment so BO one should condemn water on the results of a chemical examination alone the water should be collected by a competent and the surrounding si should be carefully core fully inspected titie tn mation loir loi nation and the soil uil through which the water runs should be examined and nd the me normal state of the water ad jacent determined ice to Is somewhat different from the water mineral matter in the water is 1 more or leua less removed during the tree freezing zing of the water decease germs germe it if present may be destroy id td and the use of the ice may be perfectly safe to 0 o use when the water from which it is ie frozen maybe may be more or less le dangerous to use in my opinion to avoid losses to men engaged in the ice fee bual uses the ponds surrounding should be inspected in the tall fall and the water to be used be examined and pronoun oso gool before it la Is turned into the ponds ponde investigations should be made in the proper time and in the proper baj wat both the producer aud and the he pur chaser may have justice an ae faaoi as aa it to la possible to meet out along with chemical examinations examination and examination i should be made J T |