| Show t tt rr t t t 4 H t tf H HH 4 tH H t tt H Ht f HOW SOW THE T JAPE JAPS J DEFY MANCHURIAN COLD J LL L x 3 m Hi 1 T N t t 1 November tho cold weather W er or r b In Manchuria M Man and andis In is I Increasingly east Intense Around Mukden the thermometer does doe not usually u full fall below zero Jero Fate Fatir Fa until the middle of ot December when night utter liner right night It may sink to G 10 und even oven 20 degrees below zero and during January to III 30 3 below In III the frequent or northwesterly blizzards no human hUl belm be lm ge can cnn live wider under r canvas Homo Home limy be bc quartered In III nativo houses hut but I share 1 h lc even cven that tine the owners ono should shull bo b ruthlessly turned out will willa willu a u t i bo ho found for tor men e e ethe 11 the if answer In is Tho Japanese pa eo nfl are already masking making use uie u of ot underground dwellings dwelling such HI as the natives soles noire times use ties UI end and which wh h were used lined by bythe II bythe the IIII the winter lifter after tin the pokers led had destroyed their railway building The fhe soil loll of ot excepting In certain place pieces U b I dry at lit thin season eu on especially In the tile districts between Muk Mukden Mukden Mukden den old and a here alter It Is I largely lows loses 10 and sand q The J ho who hold the low hUll with gentle slopes are On In the better betler position lion The lime method Is II to 10 dig n a 1 trench french about 10 to 10 IS 12 feet deep And TT T TT T T T varying In width but generally about nino feet wide 1110 A narrow Y stairway is I I cut learning leading down to the time south end I At the base 1 It IH is widened and n 1 door doorframe framo frame sot set up with n a native door turn turnIng turnIng Ing leg on wooden piVots pivot e e Tho rho upper tipper half halt of or the door IB la open openwork openwork work which bolus being covered with tho the opaque native window paper admits light The sun shines at al midday down dove the HII steps t p und when the tear door Is l opened freshens and warms warm tho limo room loom Immediately I within on une one side aide U is I a n cooking cocking stove oven ovell or holler In Ina Inn a n 1 simple le and primitive style to which both nU and III SO RIO are tamed tomed the length of ot the trench tench Is IH u n platform some lome two and one half feet teet high and antl six Inches wide wille mado malo of ot hammered earth and rough lough unburned bricks this lira are Ill e 0 Ill I 1111 liu pie pit Hues lIue up un and down which the smoke and heat from forum the cooking cooling place find Its II way Issuing ut lit the time end snots remote from the entrance by Ii a 11 crash chimney cut aut In III Intha n the tha solid ground Found S i On this platform which resembles resemble r the tine theold theold old style of ot greenhouse rr hue and Is II culled by till the n a 1 keng mommy many men can sleep In warmth and comfort on a rough mat met or dried grass 1108 This wade ilO of ut heating Is I not only economical A I but hut the flues consume and amid carry off or orthe the earth damp dump or carbonic acid gas lIaM which always generates rlue In underground dwellings Across the tho top of or the tho trench rough pieces of ot timber or poles are arc laid and andon on these tho kan stalks or straw up imp upon on Oil which Is ls heaped cd the earth excavated from the trench This covering keeps out tho the cold and Is la practically shell shellproof proof No rain falls and but little snow now and the latter can It If desired be swept off or the Iho roofs or mounds over or ortho the tho dwelling d n 11 The Tho Japanese have havo access to a n largo large number of or the tho native surface coalmines coal coni coalmines mines where a n dust coal Is 19 readily excavated and con cnn be when whon mixed with a l little wet loose looss lon s earth burned in III tho the rough cooking ploren referred r to In which grass rubbish and almost anything can rail alro also be ho eon con consumed as all fuel While the first 12 to 20 fo feet t of ot the tho plain and nd low hills now occupied OCl by thu Ihl armies are aN dry Itry In winter good goodwater goodwater water wilIer can CM be bo found almost anywhere I at al t 26 to 30 60 feet teel below the Ih surface |
