| Show Rus Task of Feeding and Provisioning Her Troops Irli ill T Is l the opinion or oC mil ml military Itar experts that real tug of war In tho Iho far cast caRt will come In III tho feed feeding ing provisioning of her Immense armies her base baso of supplies over I lle IS away and only ono overtaxed line il II railroad between the tho seriousness if the problem Is nt al apparent 81 t is practically barren barrell so far as Applying any surplus products Is con BUll and to forcibly levy loyy on whoso foodstuffs scarcely t equate for tor her own teeming population lion tion would be Le to stir up Ul n II rebellion thus Ih 1 adding an additional element of l Irl Tho feeding f of nn nil army even wi un de dr the nv st favorable circumstances 18 i not nol a simple matter Wars urs have MM lost Josl through lack of ot proper Ions for lor soldiers Napoleon recognized M Importance of keeping u tho vital Ity r ol 01 his hl men by b properly feeding them To thlu fact he ho utter after ar much of his success U Is not no FO much glory tho q I s department perhaps tI proper administration or his of ree contributes very WI materially to the cf If victories Tho very real Ical Hint tha confronts tho r t IM e TRANSPORTING TROOPS IN MANCHURIA I not to ho I Wil 1 J la i fortunately situated I dr to Iu lh theater of or i Oli i Nn roan I It 1 can retain com I In Kr III always nil I I n of lf l r Ir in Then her or l HI thai to tho resource open opell to he tha use of or tho Jap soldiers In the Iho matter of ot sim simplicity Illicit of ot diet Japan too lon has the tho ad 1111 advantage vantage Her men aro 1110 accustomed to torice torice rice which Is IH the staple pIe rood or of all the east while the Iho Russians are used to 10 vegetables and meats that not so 80 readily procurable In Mongolian coun countries tries Tho Iho quartermasters department which Includes the commissariat of an has to do with supplying food clothing cloth InS tents menus of transportation and In general looking after the busi business ness end of ot the tho affairs In the III American army alm there aro four depart departments ments subsistence hiving having to do with the food supply medical having to do with the hospital and Cross work ordnance having to do clo with the tho supply of ot ammunition ami arms tho qUill quartermasters department proper having to do with nil all matters mattel not Included In Intha tha tho other departments All 11 of ut these while not exactly subordinate to tho quartermasters department ure yet et connected with It and In a 1 way depend dependent ent upon It The rho quartermaster has more directly to do with looking after transportation stores tents headquarters telA and he like In the English t and American armies armley the quartermasters department and the depart department ment or commissariat have havo been sepa separated rated This seemingly works very cry well In time of ponce hut but In war It Is fre frequently by b serious Inconvenience lonce lor Ibis reason Die thO Japanese army combined tho two ono head no 10 that thal the quartermaster or the tho Jail Jap corresponding c thereto reto has to charge ot or the tho subsistence and nil all other supplies outside ot the Iho ordnance and hospital departments This very cr much simplifies the tho work ark or of provisioning an on army In the Hold and avoids any possible ble conflict or of authority In tho army which follows the tho German model In this regard re ard the quartermasters department com om commissariat aro separate The theory theOl on which this division n Is made Is that tho commissary has to do with dally sup SUI Ruch as 1111 food and tho Immediate needs of the soldiers willie while tho quarter quartermaster II 11 tel master mils supplies those things which are aro needed upon occasion such Ruch as means of transportation clothing and taking care CillO of 01 tun tho stores The fhe provisioning of an army In of pence can be reduced to n a perfect system There Is no lack of 01 funds the tho lOUICO of supply aro certain reg regular regular ular and nil administrative depart menu mente may lie 10 o work with the tho of a perfect machine i True there thero IH Iff liable to bo ho more or less peculation nt any allY time but a n close clone scrutiny and system of checking reduce red lief this to n 1 minimum nut Hut In times of ot war all this Is 18 changed Then tho con stant and rapid movements of the tho tho unforeseen seen emergencies the tho destruction or loss of stores tho uncertainty of the source of supply all these render the quartermasters and other kindred departments tho most difficult to properly handle of any nn connected with u II military organization T C I the tho of ot the charged with duties Is thankless devoid of glory No o men 1110 so 60 constantly cursed by hy the tho soldiers sold lei so submitted to by Jy thieving contractors and camp followers follower on whose resource resourcefulness and Ingenuity moro more constant are made An army lIT y lu In nn active campaign must depend In tho Iho very ver nature of ot the tho case on the Iho Bur ur i rounding country for or most of III Its lis food supply Under lie tho rules or at modern warfare It Il Is necessary to tn buy provi provisions nt It the tho current curlent market price It the tho Inhabitants are unwilling to nell then It 1118 Is necessary to force them lo to do dogo doso I go so This course not only has bag tho tend tendency ency of the people from the tho country and thus cutting oft Ire tho supply n altogether but hul has the additional dill dis disadvantage advantage of raising up nil new enemies A peasantry In arms a oven oell though not actually can harass make It very elY disagreeable for lor an army arm In the Held All military experts alfrea hat t U II Is III desirable to establish food and supply depots In III of ot u 11 campaign so that when the march malch Is actually begun those stores may 1111 become available The danger of these supplies falling Into the tho hands of ut the enemy IH III a peril that cnn can cannot not bit bl avoided but bUl Is III ono or Iho haz hnz hazards ards or ot war wor One of or the tho objects of 01 ev every O ery 01 general en Is 11 to 10 cut ort off tho opposing army from Its 1111 hallo base or to capture Its 1111 stores rin n a Kle o the tho method most rno t de depended pendell on to 10 force the tho gar garrison rison to capitulate Is III to starve It Into Int submission slon While foraging upon the tho country Is perfectly permissible to for ngo upon a neutral or friendly fr country countr Is not recognized by uy tho Iho rules s of civi Ihl civilized warfare nor liar Is III It Il good policy I Thus Thull for or tho to on which Is III nominally a II part parI of tho Chinese empire a 1 country with which Is III supposedly nt III ponce would not only bo to offend orend China hut but nil all other nations as 1111 well As s long as 1111 the tho commanders can buy of 01 tho nil well and good hut but to force torce such solo sale Is to go RO beyond civilized However Will war Is II so 10 much n I matter mailer of might each nation Is III to 10 some somo extent n 1 law hI unto The chief with both armies In the tho far cast ellIt at this lime Is III the tho con cun condition of 01 the Iho will These fh HO are poor nt III any all time hut lit In tho spring Clr almost Impassable Here Is III where and commissary departments oro most mOHl affected Men 1 ell can nn march Ich over almost 1 any sort of country but to lutil II Is a differ different ent matter mattor Tho J have hll C overcome this obstacle to nome om extent e by II their stores hauled by h hll men rather than by hy horses horle The carts uro KO 10 constructed Hint In the worst places on the tho raids tile the Unlit wheels may bo ho taken oft tho loads carts and nil oro strapped on the backs of ot these thelle hu human man horses to be carried to a point where they can be hauled In III the ordinary nary lIat wa There Is Ig little question that In tha tho Important matter of ot handling sup supplies iU plies thu Ih oo better beler organized than their ther foes fOCK The Th needs of tho Jap Japuro Japuro uro simpler he Is II nearer his hil huso hlo or supplies and he was Wil more fully ull pre prepared pared for the struggle Things like these must lust tell powerfully pO I In III a n lone Ion 1 drawn out campaign for the quarter quartermasters i masters commissary departments ant i of nn ni army 1111 arc III the arteries that supply Its blood P 1 I J I IJ I |
