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Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS. RANDOLPH, UTAH TO PREVENT REGULATION ('Ik Lumber--; INTERSTATE SHIPMENT OF TUBERCULAR CATTLE Hustle Lumbermen Must Turn Out Ten Billion More Feet a Year to Meet Demand for Home Buildino V. fibotoi by MaeRWOODKUttDEWOajf VI cJ t It Is Impossible to Tell the Tubercular From the Healthy Cows by ternal Appearance. R. LUMBERJACK will have to hus-- I tie! That Is the publicly expressed opinion among the experts in every line of business connected with building. They say among other things: That the demand for homes in the United States is nation-widThat 800,000 homes should have been built at the normal rate in the last two years and that only 50,000 were actually built, leaving a shortage that- is estimated at fully 750,000 homes. That from 500,000 to 550,000 homes must be now built yearly to make up the shortage and to get . back to the normal rate. That 50,000,000 feet of lumber, board measure, will have to be cut yearly, instead of 40,000,000 feet, which is the normal rate. That an increase in the lumber output of 10, 000,000 feet a year will certainly make the lumberjack hustle. The experts do not agree ns to figures in all cases. But it is evident that the shortage in homes is very large. At the recent real estate convention in Atlantic City inadequate housing facilities were reported from all parts of the country and the shortage in homes was put at e. . 1,000,000. Again, it should be remembered that the ordinary demands of manufacturers for lumber are also to be met. 11 uit the demand of devastated Europe for lnmoer will undoubtedly stimulate export from this country. While all the lumberjacks of the country will have to hustle, it looks as if the biggest activity will be demanded from the lumberjacks of the Pacific coast, where most of the lumber comes from nowadays. The pictures show scenes in Idaho and Washington. The mountain lumber camp is 4,000 feet up In northern Idaho and there Is still snow on the ground in June. The trainload of logs Is on a narrow-gaug- e road in the Idaho pine forests near Fern wood.. The three magnificent yellow pines are in a logging region near Spokane. Yellow pine is the principal source of lumber in eastern Washington. The normal production of yellow pine is about 16,000,000,000 feet (board measure) a year. It Is figured that this output will have to be increased to about 20,000,000,000 feet. Some of the white pine trees near Spokane are five feet in diameter and 175 feet high. The largest white pine belt left in the United States is- in northern Idaho. Some of the largest and sawmills in the country are in this Washington-Idahdistrict. This housing problem is a big one so big that It may lead to action by the federal government. The department of labor, in announcing in January that 500,000 new dwelling houses were needed, had this to say: Two billion dollars, available for loans to home builders, would go far in providing the necessary capital for the building of these dwellings. Securities of a value approximating are held by the constitutent organizations In the United States League of Building and Loan Associations. Labor conditions, manufacturing, and social needs clearly indicate the desirability of an immediate acceleration of building activities through'out the country. By making available capital necessary to building, a tentative plan may materialize in a national system of home loan banks. The plan contemplates the creation of a bank in each federal reserve district, similar to the land banks created under' the federal farm loan act, with which a local building and loan association could deposit collateral, receiving in exchange home loan bonds." The announcement has been made in Washington by Louis K. Sherman, president of the United States Housing corporation, that the land in various cities which was to have been utilized by the government in its war emergency building program is to be sold to home seekers for the erection of private houses. The conditions governing the sale of such property are that there is a real demand for houses in the community and that the construction of homes will be started immediately following the sale. The lots are to be sold publicly. Complete sets of plans, prepared by architects for the housing corporation, will be furnished with the various lots. ' Grosvenor Atterbury has some Interesting things to say on this problem. He is known as an architect of international reputation. He is a member of the board of directors of the Housing association, chairman of the wartime housing committee, member of the National City Planning institute, member of the French Council of Architects and Engineers on the problem of reconstruction in the devastated regions and a member of the New York tenement house commission. For 15 years, under various appro-- . priations, beginning with the Henry Phipps enterprises and then with the Russell Sage foundation, he has spent a large part of his time in research work and experiments in the possibilities of quantity production of the small house These practical studies able for workingmen. and demonstrations have involved the expenditure of two or three hundred thousand dollars. He says among other things : We will make no substantial progress toward the solution of the Industrial housing problem until we apply to the production of the small CA&PZir d o 0 Na-tion- al The United States, standing second among the countries of tile world m forest area and producing more than half of the sawed lumber, should play a more important part in the export trade of the world than it does now. With proper safeguards in the way of maintaining the raw materials, a strong export trade should be encouraged. But the gains which we may make in the markets of the world can be kept only in so far as they are based on a permanent supply of timber. are to be based merely on a cut southern pine, which, as in the case of will not supply even our domestic needs for more than the next ten or fifteen years, we shall soon be crowded out of the foreign markets by countries which base their export trade on a continuous resource. Europes emergency need for lumber, above its consumption In normal times, is put at about 7,000,000,000 feet of lumber a year for the near future, a conservative estimate; and her own forests have been depleted by the war. Europe, however, needs cheap lumber above all, and our product will not be attractive for the principal needs of reconstruction, according to Colonel Graves. Nevertheless, the world situation in lumber, he says, offers an undoubted opportunity for a permanent export trade from this country of proportions that would seem to be limited only by our. own powers to sustain the production of saw material. Senator Sherman presented to the senate the other day a memorial from the Illinois legislature, which was In part as follows: ' industries not deWhereas the. wood-usin- g pending upon uncertain local forest supplies have become centered to a very large extent in the thickly populated districts east of the Mississippi river and are drawing' their supplies from the remaining forests in the eastern states, the gulf states and the states adjacent to the Great Lakes. A large number of such industries are located in the state of Illinois, with the city of Chicago the center of a very large and important group. Chicago has for many years been the chief lumber distribution point of t! United States and the greatest point of lumber distribution in the world. These important industries, including the manufacture of railway cars, boxes, sashes and doors, farm machinery, furniture, pianos, vehicles, and many other articles, are now threatened by the exhaustion of the forests from which their supnecesplies have been drawn. They now face the const sity of bringing timber from the Pacific with heavy freight charges added to the cost. To the same Pacific coast supply the country must look for lumber for general construction purposes. The transportation system of the country must add to Its present burdens the transcontinental shipment of very large quantities of lumber, a bulky product upon which a high freight rate greatly increases the cost to the consumer. general assembly Resolved, That the Fifty-firs- t of the state of Illinois urges the attention of the president and the congress of the United States to the present timber situation and recommends that, without delay, there be formulated such a national program of forestry as will Insure the future timber supplies required by the industries of the country. As an example of what should he done, this general assembly points to the wise course of the republic of France in so managing its forests for more than a century that they contributed substantially to the winning of the great war. It is further urged that the federal government, acting Independently or In with the states, Inaugurate action looking toward such measure of public control of the remaining bodies of original timber as will make sure that as needed by the their supplies will be .available " Industries. It Is furthermore urged that comprehensive plans he put into effect for restoring the forest lands which are nonagricultnral in on character In the eastern states. In the states bordering the Great Lakes, and In the South, in order that timber supplies from these regions may be available to the established Industries of the central and eastern states." If"'-the- ' $2,000,-000,00- Dy the United States Department of Agriculture.) The regulation prohibiting, after July 1, 1919, the interstate movement of cattle for breeding or dairy purposes unless they are properly tuberculin-tested, will prove to be a long step toward the control of tuberculosis and Its eventual eradication in this country, according to officials of the United States department of agriculture. It supplements and strengthens state regulations on this subject. The object of the regulation is specifically to prevent the interstate shipment of diseased animals to cattle breeders or dairymen who are trying to drive out or keep tuberculosis from their herds. Cattle consigned to a public stockyard, and steers and strictly range cattle may be moved interstate without restriction under the new regulation. Copies of the regulation, which has ueen issued by the secretary of agriculture and is known as regulation seven of bureau of animal industry order 263, are being printed, and will be available soon for cattle owners, dealers, veterinarians and 'others who may desire them. The regulation of Interstate movement of cattle follows the same principle used successfully In the control of other animal diseases, and has been recommended to the department of agriculture by many cattle owners as an essential part of the campaign against tuberculosis, which Is now getting well underway, and In which the federal government and 42 states are (.Prepared . house the same principles of standardization, machine, factory and quantity production that are employed by all other great Industries. Most experts agree that the real crux of the industrial housing problem lies not In land cost, taxes or Interest rates, but In the house itself the cost of construction. The investment in building is anywhere from three to ten times the cost of the land, And is therefore the dominant item and the most potent factor in the entire It is all very well to eliminate the problem. waste !d the other factors waste of time, labor or material but if the productivity of human labor and capital .in construction can be increased the result would be a real step toward the solu-- . tion of the difficulty and the benefits of such an economy would accrue to all parties Involved. That the ready-mad- e house will come eventually Is evident from the progress made. The first experimental building designed to demonstrate the principle of standardization and factory production was successfully erected in 1909. Since then the work of demonstration and development has proceeded, with the general result always pointing, in my judgment, to the soundness of the principles and tludr ultimate success. The help we need ought to come from a government research department established for that have to bear purpose. This department the same relation to housing, which is commodity, that the department of agriculture bears to wheat or the bureau of mines to minerals. In other words, the housing of the industrial army is as important in peace as that of the munition workers In war times or the fighting units themselves. And for these purposes the government spent hundreds of millions of dollars and established a special department. It is a fair question whether the Importance of the problem today does not justify the establishment of a permanent bureau of housing. What effect will this Increased activity of the' lumberjack have on our lumber supply? is an important question. The exportation of ' American lumber on the scale likely to result from the European demand for material will, unless accompanied by provision for regrowth, seriously deplete the supplies needed by'home industries and Impose hardships on the consuming public here, is the view of Henry S. Graves, chief of the United States forest service. . The. department of agriculture has issued a pamphlet by Colonel Graves warning the woodusing industries, the lumbermen and all interested in home supplies of forest products or foreign trade in them, that the question of lumber exports cannot safely be left to the care of Itself. The situation is especially critical, he points out, with certain of our highest grade woods, such as ash, oak, hickory, yellow poplar and black walnut, which are the support of important industries, and with southern yellow pine, of which the main bulk of supply is approaching exhaustion and which Is likely to be exported in large quanr demands. tities to meet The situation, Colonel Graves holds, is one of Most of the leading inominous possibilities. dustrial nations of the world, he says, whether lightly wooded and dependent upon imports or heavily wooded and exporters, are taking steps to safeguard and develop their timber resources. The United States alone appears to be content to build up a great export trade without considering ,,the ultimate effect upon domestic timber resources and their capacity In the future to supply the home market." Sound public policy does not, however, necessarily demand the discouragement of export. after-the-wa- h cut-ov- What Cattle May Be Moved. Cattle known to be tubercular may be moved Interstate for immediate slaughter under federal Inspection. They must be marked for Identification; must be accompanied by a certificate showing their condition, that they may be shipped interstate, and the purpose for whfch they are companies shipped ; transportation must Identify the cattle as tubercular Ex- other papers ; cars or boat compartments in which they are moved must be cleaned and disinfected under bureau regulations; and the cattle must not be transported in cars or boat compartments containing healthy cattle or hogs unless the latter are for immediate slaughter. Pure-brecattle which have been shipped interstate for breeding or feeding purposes, and which have reacted to the tuberculin test subsequent to such shipment, may be resliipped interstate upon proper certificate for purposes other than slaughter, provided they are consigned to the original owner at the same point of origin; the reshipment must be made within four months of the original shipment ; they shall not be shipped to any state or territory that does not provide for quarantine of tubercular cattle; they cannot again be shipped interstate except for immediate slaughter under government inspection; requirements of identification and disinfection must be observed. Briefly, heifers may be moved interstate for feeding or grazing on certification that they will not be used for other purposes, and cows may be shipped interstate from public stock yards on affidavit to the same effect. Bulls may be shipped from public stock yards for feeding provided the owner or shipper makes affidavit that they are for feeding only, and the state to which they are shipped provides for quarantine. Certificate With Accredited Cattle. Cattle from a herd officially accredited as free from tuberculosis may be shipped interstate if accompanied by official certificates showing they are from such a herd. Tuberculin tests for the detection of tuberculosis may be made by veterinary inspectors of the bureau of animal industry at public stock yards or regular bureau stations or by a veterinarian of the state of origin, authorized by the state and approved by the bureau of animal industry. on waybills and d MANURE IN CROP ROTATIONS GIVE ALFALFA Increased Yields Secured in Experiments at West Virginia and Ohio Experiment Stations. Too Much Is Expected of Seed and Not Enough Preparation Has Been Given to Soil. The agricultural value of manure usually is greater than the plant-foo- d value. For example, the application of 12 tons of manure a year for 15 years at the West Virginia experiment station gave increased crop yields valued at $40 an acre a year, or $3.12 a ton for the manure used. During a period of ten years the Ohio experiment station has obtained an increase of crops valued at $4.69 a ton for the manure used. The application was made at the rate of eight tons of romanure an acre during a five-yetation of corn, wheat, oats, clover and timothy. Two applications of four tons each were made, one for corn and one for clover. Manure used in connection with continuous grain cropping did not maintain the yields, hut when used in With crop rotation the connection yields of all crops were increased. Failures in growing alfalfa occur in a majority of cases at planting time. Too much is expected of the seed. Not enough preparation has been given to the soil, and the conditions which contribute to a healthy, thrifty, quick growth are entirely lacking. Too many beginners with alfalfa seem to have the idea that because alfalfa gathers and appropriates to its own use the nitrogen from the air, that it is not necessary to have available nitrogen in the soil. This is not d true. About of the nitrogen used by legumes is taken from the soil of it from the direct, and ar FOR CATTLE FLY REPELLANT A GOOD START one-thir- two-thir- air. KEEP HOGS COOL IN SUMMER Animals Get Hot Very Easily and Care Should Be Taken to Keep Their Quarters Shaded. (Prepared by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture.) North Dakota Station Recommends Mixture of Soap, Crude Oil, NaphEvery time a hog gets too hot, he thaline and Water. pants away an appreciable portion of meat. And hogs get hot very easily. The North Dakota experiment sta- During the summer, especial care tion recommends the following repel-la- j should be taken to have the hog quarfor flies of all kinds; Dissolve ters well shaded. If no, natural shade one cake of laundry soap In four gal- is available, a very good shelter may lons of soft water, while boiling hot, be made of straw or boughs placed and one gallon of crude oil, slowly, about four feet above the pen or waland stir vigorously for ten minutes, low. Clean water In which the hogs then add four ounces of naphthaline and can lie should always be provided, shake or agitate for fifteen minutes. says the United States department of This repellant can be used most effec- agriculture. tively in a sprayer or it may be put on animals with a moist new cloth, GOOD MATERIAL FOR LITTER care being taken not to rub the skin. It should be applied to the hair only. Straw Gathers Moisture and When It Becomes Limp It Is Practically FRESH WATER FOR CHICKENS Useless for Hens. nt One of Most Keeping Important Factors in Young Fowls Growing Keep Supply Clean. One of the most Important factors In keeping young chicks growing Is good, clean, fresh water in vessels. A the days get, warmer care should be taken to change the water as often as required to keep- It clean and fresh. - (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) Straw and similar material gathers moisture, and when the litter becomes damp enough to be limp It Is practical-- , ly useless for fowls to scratch fn for their grain feed. Scratching llttei the poultry house is essential, bn should be cleaned out and frequently. |
