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Show 3 Billion Butterfli. A2,OOO.MileM5; J . I 1: 1 j SECRECY PREVAILS Ships Regrouped for Second Atomic Test By WALTER A. SIIEAD WNU Cerrsspeaieat. HONOLULU, OPERATIONS CROSSROADS With 4nuch attendant secrecy the target fleet in Bikini lagoon has been regrouped for the second atom bomb test scheduled for July 25. Although most of the correspondents have returned to the States, several made application to remain in Bikini during the interim so they could cover the arrangements being made for the second test. This request was refused by the navy, however, and all newspaper men were ordered to proceed to Kwajalein, where they were either transported immediately by air to the States or to Honolulu, or were housed aboard the press ship Appalachian. A In the meantime the Appalachian made a leisurely trip to Pearl Harbor Har-bor where she underwent some minor mi-nor repairs, and now is proceeding back to Bikini, where she is scheduled sched-uled to arrive on B-Day minus 1, or July 24. Nearest Center. It has been announced that ships Dearest the bulls-eye of the second test will include the battleship Arkansas, Ar-kansas, the heavy cruiser Pensa-eola, Pensa-eola, the Jap battleship Nagato, the aircraft carrier Saratoga, the destroyer Mayrant, the submarine Pilotflsh, the transport Fallow and tank landing ship. It may be that the PUotfish Will be nearest the bomb bunt, which, as baa been announced, will be aa underwater detonation. detona-tion. Other ships of the target fleet have beea placed In various positions ranging op to 1,800 yards away from the blast. The Arkansas, the Pensacola and the Nagato all were severely damaged dam-aged aa to superstructure in the first blast. The Pensacola particularly suffered heavy damage to her Are control; her stacks were blown off and her deck plates buckled. This correspondent went aboard the Pensacola Pen-sacola after the first test and noted that her decks amidship were driven driv-en downward about 12 inches and with such force that steel supports beneath were driven through the steel deck plating like toothpicks through paper. Await Report. There Is considerable speculation s to the coming report of the Military Mili-tary Evaluation board as to the efficacy ef-ficacy of the atom bomb as an offensive of-fensive weapon In naval warfare. If the board decides that future naval na-val construction must meet the dangers dan-gers of atomic blasts, then we may expect an entirely different warship of the future. The experience of the first blast Indicates that firepower exposed upon high superstructure Is particularly partic-ularly susceptible to the heat and blast of atomic power. The speculation specu-lation is that to meet this threat, future construction will see streamlined stream-lined warships with low superstructures, superstruc-tures, enclosed as much as possible, looking something like a modern delsel locomotive with curved surfaces sur-faces to deflect blast Installation of ventilation systems also will be given close scrutiny since it was learned that the blast In some cases, particularly aboard the Pensacola, entered the venula- TERRIFIC BRILLIANCE . . . Camera catches terrlflo brilliance of atemlo blast In this photo taken Just mi time of detonation of the atomio bomb. tion openings and followed the ducts below decks, breaking out at the weakest points, shoving through a bulkhead and smashing other ob- itacles in its way deep in the ship, Tola wsa particularly noticeable notice-able fa a comparison with the German ship Print Eugen. which has no ventilation syatem and depends upon row upon row of portholes tor ventilation for its crew; Not a porthole waa smashed and ae damage done below deck, but she was admittedly admit-tedly much farther from the center of the blast than the Pensacola. In reflecting upon the damage done to the ships In the first blast. the remarkable thing to this writer is that not a single live mine, bomb. shell, bag of powder or any other ammunition aboard any ship was exploded ex-ploded either by the heat or blast force of the bomb. Torpedoes on the Independence exploded due to a fire which Anally exploded her powder magazine and her aviation Rats Born in Defiance of Atomic Death Despite deaths from radioactivity radioactiv-ity among animals aboard target ships In the Bikini atomic bomb test the animal population remains almost al-most stationary, reports from the USS Burleson, animal ship of Joint Task Force 1. reveal To offset the deaths from rsdio-activity, rsdio-activity, a litter of White rats was bom aboard the USS Pennsylvania and the new arrivals were unaffected unaffect-ed by the bomb. Originally there "V, W -f K MUSHROOM CLOUD ... The huge mushroom cloud rlsea over Bikini shortly after the atom bomb was dropped. This picture was made by a photographer flying In a B-29. gasoline. But on most all the ships were placed live mines, bombs, shells were in guns or on loading apparatus, and each ship had a full load of ammunition. None of it was exploded and the safety crews which boarded the ships following the blast were careful In their examination. ex-amination. Then the speculation goes to the use of lead lining against X-rays, rock wool or some other protection against heat, and concrete or some substitute against neutrons and outer out-er radioactivity. Opinions Vary. There are two schools of thought as to the damage likely to occur to ship hulls from the underwater blast Having in mind the fact that depth charges of presently used ex plosives have sunk or damaged submarines sub-marines and heavily damaged destroyers de-stroyers and other lighter craft one school declares that the atomic bomb will play havoc with the tar get fleet and predicts that even capital cap-ital ships closest to the blast will be capsized and sunk. Others, however, predict that much of the force of the blast will be absorbed by the water and that although there is danger of light ships capsizing, the larger ships will merely roll with the water and their heavier underwater armor will not be damaged. They predict the heavily armored ships will not suffer suf-fer as much underwater damage as could be inflicted with a torpedo. This is all in the realm of speculation, specula-tion, however, and the navy remains mum about its own expectations. In discussions aboard the Appalachian Ap-palachian among scientists and off-the-record comment by naval na-val officers, there la some reason rea-son to presume that the atomio bomb aa aa 1 (Tensive weapon against ships at aea la not aa effective ef-fective as ether weapons. However, How-ever, Its effectiveness against naval bases would be devastating devastat-ing and a fleet without naval bases would be rendered Impotent. Im-potent. Atoll to Remain. This writer believes that Bikini atoll and its cocoanut groves will be there after the second test Is over and even after the third bomb scheduled sched-uled for November or later Is detonated in hundreds of fathoms of water In the ocean outside Bikini la goon. We do not expect any 100-foot 100-foot waves nor 1,000-mile-an-hour wind although some wave may wash over the Island. A 15-foot wave could do that But the test which has changed from a Joint army-navy operation, about which so much stress was put into strictly a navy show and which Is probably costing about a half million dollars a day, likely will give our military men all the knowledge they will need to prepare for or against the atomic bomb In the fu ture ... if Indeed there Is any way of preparing against it were 130 goats, 150 pigs and 3,100 white rata placed aboard 22 ships 01 tne target fleet. Deaths from radioactivity are continuing, according accord-ing to reports from the Burleson. uo$ 01 me among the animals already al-ready has exceeded the 10 per cent figure originally announced. The little pig, found swimming vigorously toward land after sinking of the Sakawa, is presumed to be still alive. mm Wenave By EDWARD wnu reaturta. HERE we have Idaho fabulous sunsets, lakes of gold and dreamy, purple mountains; million stars in the dark blue sky and moonlight on the sagebrush; canyons and gorges, sand dunes and crystal lakes; stunted desert brush and towering pines; waterfalls higher than Niagara and gorges deeper than the Grand Canyon; snow 20 feet deep among the pines and spruce; farms and cities amidst nature's unsooiled loveliness; natural caves full of ice in the hot desert. From the Canadian border on the north to the temperate temper-ate Cache valley on the south, and from the frozen Teton peaks on the east to the warm Pacific winds in Boise valley, Idaho offers a variety of climate, topography topog-raphy and scenic wonder. It has miles of desert snd formidable table lands, but it also has more lakes than man has ever counted. It has alpine peaks where the ice and snow never melt and homes heated by water from natural hot springs. No more interesting, romantic and pleasant area may be found on earth than Idaho. Yet from an automobile or train window it may often appear to be a rolling waste, lonely and cruel. Unfortunately the main highways high-ways and railroad tracks wander too far from rich and beautiful spots in Idaho, and those who would know the "Gem of the Mountains" must take the sideroads and great will be their reward. Idaho Is s young state, with young and energetic people. peo-ple. They are not hampered by the heavy hand of tradition, tradi-tion, nor restrained by the ghosts of their ancestors. Whether Basque sheepherders. Mormon descendants, farmers from Nebraska, or recruits from the West coast states, the people of Idaho are living proof of Western friendliness and hospitality, Western progres-siveness, progres-siveness, and Western determination to harness nature's resources for the good of all. The early history of Idaho is bound up with that of the states of Oregon and Washington, but its tradition and lore has borrowed much from the Mormons of Utah, the cattlemen of Wyoming, and the miners of Montana. It drew from all its surrounding states and became the great melting pot of the Northwest Following the Lewis and Clark expedition, Idaho was the hunting and trapping paradise of early adventurers. adven-turers. Later thousands of persons crossed Idaho by way of the Oregon trail, following the Snake river through the desert The ruts of thousands of wagons still remain, but the Oregon trail and one of America's Amer-ica's greatest migrations added little to Idaho's development. In 1859 gold was discovered in the Pierce City region and by the autumn of 1862 there were 30.000 persons near Lewlston. A greater discovery followed in the Boise basin, and within a year Idaho City had a population estimated at near 40,000. At the census of 1870, only 15,000 remained of the swarm of miners of the early '60s; but 200 million dollars in gold had been taken out of Idaho the greatest record in history for a similar pe riod of time. It was the Mormons who founded Idaho's first permanent settlement la 1860. They believed they were In Utah when they called their village Franklin and made Irrigation a fact In Idaho by building a canal three and a half miles long. They also established that year the first school for white children within the present boundaries of the state. Agriculture made little headway, however, tor the feverish industry indus-try of thousands exploring the earth tor mineral treasures continued. Al though the Idaho Territory was created in 1863, more lusty years were to follow. Rich gold strikes were made in .the Salmon River and Florence areas, in Boise basin, In the Owyhee terrain, in the Coeur d'Alenes, and elsewhere. Boom towns were erected overnight and the days were rich in murders and hangings, feuds and melodramatic A 1 DESERTT . . . Sagebrush cleared away and the magic of Irrigation applied, the deaert produces Idaho's famous potatoes and ether crops. deaths. The turbulence of Idaho City's former life, and the violence of its waya, may be inferred from the statement of old-timers that only 28 of the 200 persons buried in its cemetery in 1863 died from natural causes! But the development of Idaho was to follow the decline of gold fever. Cattlemen pushed their herds into the territory from Wyoming, and sheepmen soon followed. More Mormon farmers moved northward and irrigation was expanded. The DAM r I IrULl rV4JI L f!At I 1 VI III II EMERINE Northern Pacific railroad laid its rails across the Panhandle in 1880-82, 1880-82, and the Union Pacific Oregon Short Line crossed the southern part of the state in 1882-84. Its mines and forest were opened commercially, com-mercially, and Idaho was no longer a wild frontier. When Idaho became a state in 1890 its. valleys were soon home-steaded home-steaded by sturdy stock from the Middle West For each mining SALMON RIVER . . . Highway along the canyon. The Salmon Is known aa "The River of No Return." Re-turn." camp that became a ghost town, a new community appeared, built solidly sol-idly on the development of Idaho's great natural resources. Idaho settled set-tled down, at last to build its kingdom. king-dom. The northern part of Idaho reclaimed re-claimed logged-off land, to become one of the most productive areas in the West "Idaho white pine and plenty of it" is the slogan of its lumbermen, and yellow pine grows broad and tall. Idaho's mines yield countless minerals, with more being be-ing discovered each year. The Snake River valley and its drainage area has prospered under irrigation and reclamation, while lands beyond the irrigation ditches have been utilized tor wheat and other grains. New irrigation projects proj-ects are being opened, and Idaho's agriculture and livestock industries are thriving. Idaho potatoes, famous all over the civilized world, are grown in desert soil enriched by centuries of sagebrush and other desert growth and touched by the magic of irrigation. irri-gation. Even cull potatoes are now utilized and made into Industrial alcohol, or ted to livestock. Sugar 1 U Mount Borah, Ji.ebJeet, si v . r ft i & Y i - - s '"- - - ---- 4. . ;a S?J? iiyiuimw',r""'y " " 2 m ARNOLD WILLIAMS O Governor of Idaho H ' (Til X V Governor WilUams was 2 i e born la Utah, but moved 2 lA&HA to Wano to 1917' He wa 5 10 5'&ft: x 1 member of the state YJ Hf3Qr3vO a IeKisIatare na Ueuten- g "3iuJr ant governor before be- J maim mmNQ 7 coming governor In 1945. r k . SW TOOTH MT1 ess.iXilfis'Y' - J Of lk&&m ri?. (J lOAHOPOTATOtS g 0 ' VjsvVV r o ouch (fvAiLrr?!- WHEAT F NEVADA ; UTAH beets thrive and alfalfa grows luxuriantly. lux-uriantly. Cattle and sheep are fattened fat-tened on rich pastures and in feed lots, and dairy herds are found everywhere. Only recently has Idaho come into prominence as a playground and recreation spot for people who are weary of make-believe Ufe in cities. It offers year-around skiing, hunting, hunt-ing, fishing, swimming, boating and other sports. Pheasants, ducks and geese are plentiful. There are antelope, ante-lope, deer, elk and other big game in abundance to assure the sportsman sports-man of his kill From dog races at Ashton when the snow is deep, to summer boating on Payette lakes or fishing Pend d'Orielle, no other state exceeds Idaho in sports of the great outdoors. New York capitalists and Hollywood Holly-wood movie stars have found in Sun-Valley Sun-Valley in the Sawtooth Mountains one of the world's finest recreation spots. In winter, skiing is the outstanding out-standing sport, with tobogganing and big game hunting following. In summer, the mountain streams nearby near-by offer varieties of trout the gam-est gam-est fish of them all. Lakes and woods in the Stanley Basin afford boating, fishing, riding, hiking and camping. Idaho is a state of mountains, valleys val-leys and deserts, with variety enough for everyone. The mountain range include Cabinet Coeur d'Alene, Beaverhead and Bitter Root in the north; Salmon River, Sawtooth and Lost Rivers in the center of the state, and the Bear, Blackfoot and Snake River moun tains in the southeast, with the Te-tons Te-tons along the Wyoming line north ward. Shoshone Falls 46 feet higher than Niaeara Dours its flood over a horseshoe-shaped rim in Snake River canyon. Twin Falls is another majestic sight and American and Salmon Falls are also attractive to visitors. Idaho offers the unusual the almost unbelievable in scenic wonders. The deepest canyon on the North American continent drops almost 8,000 feet below the rimrock of the Seven Devils ranges of mountains. The Big and Little Lost rivers tumble down from mountain peaks to disappear into the porous volcanic desert breaking into sunlight sun-light again as Thousand Springs In the Snake River gorge. Recent volcanic action is offered at Craters of the Moon, and Mount Borah. highest point in the state, carries coral limestone on its crest lifted from the sea which was once three miles below. The state of Idaho remains a part of the Great Northwest rich in resources, re-sources, sure of its future. The frontier front-ier spirit still lives in countless ways within its borders, ready to .mount to thunderous zest in the develop ment that seems sure to come. Idaho's highest mountain. World's Greatest Capital Has Its Seamy Side Too! By BAUKIIAGE Newt Antdyst and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. A boy Joined the staff of a four-page paper of which he was one day to become editor. The office was a rattle-trap building build-ing whose notable characteristics, he later said, were "sewer gas. rats, dirt, over grown rowdy newsboys who had to be held in check by a long whip and fire arms," and it was "positively dan gerous at times to go Into the al ley which they infested, leading to the composing room." The town as the boy had grown up in it was a straggling overgrown over-grown country village "with zigzag grades, no sewerage, no street cars, no water supply except from pumps and springs, unimproved reservations, reserva-tions, second-rate dwellings and streets of mud and mire." That doesn't sound like the na tion's capital whose budget for the coming year is $76.755,009 but that was the way it was in 1858 as described de-scribed by the editor of the Washington Wash-ington Evening Star, Theodore Noyes, who died early this month. He Joined the paper in 1877. Except for the Australian capital of Canberra which arose almost as Camelot at a wave of Merlin's wand. there is nothing to compare with the bizarre history of a city whose site was based on a political deal and no city which has gone through more vicissitudes than this Bagh-dad-on-the-Potomac. No city was ever more magnifi cently planned, or more discredit ably neglected in its early days, as Mr. Noyes' description indicates. To day, as the undisputed capital of the world, it still has to battle with a grudging congress for its budget It remains the chief city of the greatest democratic republic whose 938,000 citizens have no voice in their own government and whose citizen ship itself is a bar to the basic privilege priv-ilege of a democracy the ballot Mr. Noyes was, as is the news paper he served, a Washington institution. in-stitution. He will be remembered for his long campaign to give Washington Wash-ington a vote in congressional and national matters. Rata Were Menace To City a Health Some time aeo I had occasion to mention the invasion of Washington by rats and how the city hired a modern Pied Piper who has done an effective, if silent Job. This was brought to my mind recently when I encountered a fat, black cat on my way to work early one morning. The cat had a guilty look, and I had a hunch he bad spent the night in riotous living and was merely sneaking in to change his collar. uowever, tne cataclysm caused by the rat-invasion in which, believe it or not a baby's hand was eaten brought hasty action and I see that it was considered worthy of comment com-ment by experts, including the editors edi-tors of the magazine of the American Amer-ican Museum of Natural History. The campaign beean when a case of typhus which is spread by fleas and mites on rats, was discovered. Traps set in the neighborhood caught a number of rats whose blood was typhus-infected. The United States Public Health service got busy, shocked to learn that the scourge of Europe two centuries ago was a possibility right here in our fair capital An expert was called in. He first sealed up all points where commercial commer-cial transportation entered the city. Then 300 traps were set up in the zone where the infection had been found. Five days later the traps were taken in and the area was thoroughly dusted with DDT, the in-secticide in-secticide which the army perfected. Next red-squill bait was distrib uted. It kills rats, but not pets or In 1940, 50 million votes; BARBS . . The big batter-and-blscuit man xom Texas who knew how to say it with flour, got tired of saying no to OPA, There is an old Spanish proverb that saya: "Make a bridge of silver for a flying enemy." Maybe the United Nations could get rid of Franco that way if they can't find any other. children who might pick up the bait In places where there was no danger dan-ger to human beings the deadly "1080" was distributed. The campaign cam-paign was successful Meanwhile, a clean-up of potential rat-breeding premises was started with court orders or-ders to enforce It Today Washington Washing-ton has a complete scientific rat-control rat-control program which will cost us about $75,000 annually. However, it still leaves a few rat for energetic cats. War Profiteering Will Be Scandal The Juicy scandal uncovered by the senate war investigating committee com-mittee In which "profiteering at its worst" as Senator Mead ealled It was exposed, is, I fear, only the beginning. be-ginning. Any moment I expect to hear an explosion in connection with surplus property. War breeds waste, and the cloak of patriotic endeavor as Samuel Johnson indicated .even more bluntly, often covers skullduggery. skulldug-gery. The same thing happened after the last war, and on a smaller scale, after all wars. But what Is probably prob-ably making people squirm all over Washington is the revelation of the fact that telephone wire were pretty pret-ty generally tapped, and heaven knows what may be in the FBI files. It Is a strange thing about the telephone. tele-phone. People have just come to take for granted that because you can't see anybody on the line, nobody no-body is there. I wouldn't be surprised to leam that telephone conversations with most of the government departments are being recorded right now. I have reason to believe that when the question of installing these recorders re-corders in the White House was brought up, it was flatly turned down. White House employees have a long and excellent record for fidelity. fidel-ity. Of course they are carefully screened, and when the campaign to get everybody fingerprinted (an excellent idea if you have nothing to conceal about your past and no plans for an over-adventurous future) was begun, the White House employees voluntarily came forward and offered of-fered their thumbs, fingers and hands for the ink-pad. 'When the People Vote, They Win? The June "Economic Outlook," published by the Congress of Industrial Indus-trial Organizations, contains an article ar-ticle entitled "When the People Vote They Win." That might be Interpreted In-terpreted in more ways than one. The article points out that an "off year" is so designated politically not only because the presidency is not at stake, but because the politicians poli-ticians know that eeneral anathv on the part of the voter has marked inose elections in me past: 1938 (oil) thirty million voters went to the polls; (1940 (on) fifty million votes; 1942 (off) twenty-eight million; 1944 (on) forty-eight million. The CIO takes the attitude that what the people as a whole want is what they (the CIO) want, and that the people get what they want when they vote for it They say: "Mass registration and mass voting is the best guarantee of liberal progressive progres-sive government." They might also add that if you want conservative rather than liberal lib-eral progressive government you have to vote for it too. In any case you can't get what you want unless you go after it The "Outlook" "Out-look" prints a table showing how the vote shifted In certain districts in off-years. The table showed that when the vote fell off, it was the Democratic vote. Districts which swung from Democratic to Republican Repub-lican candidatea in most cases shifted shift-ed with a decrease In the total vote . . . "the Republican vote remaining remain-ing relatively stable, while the Democratic Dem-ocratic vote dropped sharply." Does this prove that Democrats are sleepier than Republicans, or that the Republican is a creature of habit? 1942, 28 million; 1941, 48 million. . by Baukhage These days, prices rise with the sun. e Non-skid rugs are forecast by Business Week. Anything to make life less rugged. The tobacco plants In Maryland look as precise and prim as if they had been done up in curl papers each night Of the 125,000 flta -and moths, 3fjj sand make migratorv fZ.: which only about g? turn. "a. Among the hardiest l painted lady (Vanessa carta!1 one-way migrations of wffi been known to ,J,7?W more than 2,000 rnUe7ft taken 14 days and nights tmuous flying, and to tW comprised of as many i, C 000,000 butterflies in Bjflfc classifS uti r a r T M Ei BUSINESS & INVEST Concrete BlockMiZT Fast, hand operated S70 comma. 1? INSTRUCTION LADIES Book of 300 useftil h.)i.r" ey and time saving HouSld HAROLD C. BROWN . HA MISCELLANE0CS DDI AND SElt Office Furniture, Files. TywwSta. tag Machines. Safes. 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H hole system isue to f uti proper- Bunims.,tyJLitbst r!-J-73- pains, getting up ,".; p&i 15 Why not '7,. "i w4 country oer: la "ft! tion of the mD"" Zf flush out P? wihWjjf kil. They coots m' Get Doea's today. u - Atallarus 7 - " i I a WoTsowWi"' I . . i aVAVIGITAlU JkJk V MWTIW. ' WT " CMne. "J, j H9 1 |
