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Show WMkly News Analysis . Papal Election Thought Retort Against Dictator Interference IIv .Joseph W. La Him 1 ELiITOV 3 NOT W lira 03.3110 M?nwt IB tr.l CO .T.3i. tier rm f.1y4 f wl laj.'ril. aid aJt llclliilun As I..--.'..o Curd.r.iil Pacelli. P i P. XII was Va'..can secretary cf state a:.d si imr. .rta.-.t r . : a'., r in rr.a.-.y a i.-r ; e .-i s i-ai-tle. H.s tv. 'j m',3t notatle aeh.evcrr.er.ts e:e (1) lea !-r;h.p in the W ir set'.!' rr.e.-.t atterr.j.t of Pepe Bear. edict XV arid 12; cot.suii.mat.n of the concordat that brought peace between the Vatican and Italy. II.s v.. 'M i "A : k v : ;, a ;i J r . v. a POPE PIUS XII Despite Count Ciano and Germany, most difficult job was negotiating a treaty with Protestant Russia in 1929, a feat that won him the red cap of cardinal when Pletro Gas-parri Gas-parri retired in 1929. When Pope Pius XI died last February Feb-ruary 9, Secretary of State Pacelli immediately became camerlengo, interim chief of the Roman Catholic church until the college of cardinals could name a successor. Internationally Interna-tionally better known than any other potential candidate, Cardinal Pacel-li's Pacel-li's name was immediately bandied about as the most likely successor. This, despite his confessed longing to lead the contemplative life of a monk, despite rumors that his selection se-lection would be none too welcome by totalitarian Germany and Italy. If Cardinal Pacelli had never admitted ad-mitted anti-dictator sentiments, Italian Foreign Minister Count Ci-ano's Ci-ano's newspaper, II Telegrafo, lost no time pointing out that a Pacelli appointment would be unwelcome in Rome. In Germany another newspaper, Das Schwarze Korps, chimed in. At the Vatican, German Ambassador Carl-Ludwig Diego von Bergen told the college that his nation na-tion was "assisting at the elaboration elabora-tion of a new world," and that "the papacy without doubt has an essential essen-tial role." Though conceivably unrelated to these events, Cardinal Pacelli's ele vation to the papacy might be in direct retaliation against two governments gov-ernments which saw fit to interfere with church affairs. A further possibility pos-sibility is that the Rome-Berlin axis erred diplomatically to such an extent ex-tent that the college of cardinals felt obliged to appoint an experienced experi-enced statesman who could deal with Herr Hitler and Signor Mussolini. Musso-lini. Europe Britain's chief reason for backing down at Munich was unprepared-ness. unprepared-ness. Subsequent appeasements have grown noticeably smaller as rearmament w-as sped. In January, Prime Minister Chamberlain gave nary an inch at Rome. In February Febru-ary he openly announced plans to aid France in war and to win the new Spain away from Fascist domination. domi-nation. Shortly after General Franco's Fran-co's government was recognised the army, navy and air ministers stepped before parliament to outline how their share of Britain's largest budget since the World war (more than $5,000,000,000) will be spent. How army, navy and lir expenses will mount is shown by the follow- i.-Z est.rr.strj b-i-.s. c : ; a.-cJ w.'.r. the c -rer t -ca! year: A-r . . t s-- -f " - 000 S,K . . - .- i 'Mi ' " AU.U9 . 1.1.-J lii . 71 t 5.-7.1J1 9oJ $1 8-2.a0 t'.O Nat included is s ::. $--a.0eO.0u0 gj.r.g f r c.v.l.an defense, bnng r.g the tital armament outlay to more than J-3'Ai.O00 L-.-J. it more than the g .vernn.erit w.U s;.e::d f or all other pu.-e .ics curr.b.r.ei. Spec.i.cal'.y: Army. Standing at 503.700 (a new peace-time hih). various army units will be boosted by about 1B5,-7U) 1B5,-7U) during the coining fiscal year. Increases are planned both at home and in colonies. Navy. Fearing German U-boats, English, Australian. South African and Hong Kong ports will be secured se-cured against submarines and minelayers. mine-layers. Canada may purchase a naval flotilla leader to head its fleet of six destroyers. Six new motor torpedo boats are being shipped to Hong Kong. Planned construction: 20 fast escort vessels, two battleships, battle-ships, one aircraft carrier, four cruisers, 16 destroyers. 30 smaller craft. Aviation. Personnel will rise from 100,000 to 118.000, four times the 1934 total of 30,000. By March 31, a total of 1,750 first-line planes will be ready, with production paced at 500 a month against an estimated 600 in Germany. Within a year the air ministry expects 2,840 first-line planes. Civilian. Fifty million civilian gas masks, 1,400,000 "toy" gas helmets for babies and 1,300,000 masks for children are on the list. .Some 127,000,000 sandbags are on hand, with 200,000,000 ordered. Special electrical equipment is planned and "crisis" organization is being com pleted. Der Tag, whose fear is responsible responsi-ble for this preparation, meanwhile remains at flirting distance. Points of potential trouble between France and Italy over Mediterranean demands de-mands have grown more prominent. Italy has repatriated her nationals in France, ousted French newspaper newspa-per men, won Polish allegiance away from France and hastened mobilization. One new garrison is reportedly established at Genoa, only 150 miles from Nice. Meanwhile Mean-while Spain emerges in clear focus as the new center of European balance. bal-ance. Relief Everyone knows relief costs much more today than in 1929. Everyone knows, too, that President Roosevelt's Roose-velt's dream of an $80,000,000,000 national annual income may mean little even if it does come true, since increased governmental costs would eat up the profits. How much relief costs have gained, how much national income has dropped, is shown in reports of the social security board. (See graphs). But far more impressive were facts not shown in the report, namely, name-ly, that a noticeable share cf 1938's dividends, INTERE5T CAPITAL N. , . , INCOME 65.5 I 70 COMPENSATION I TO EMHOYEES 1929 INCOME: $78,574,000,000 Relief cost only .1 per cent, or $48,-OOOftOO, $48,-OOOftOO, as shown by liny piece oj "pie." dtvidendX:'! " INTEREST fel A12.8y j capitaT 62.1 1 1 INCOME y COMPENSATION I l9.2 TO EMPtOYEES 1938 INCOME: S64,184.000,000 Relief cost 5 per cent, or 13,724,-0j0,00d, 13,724,-0j0,00d, not including administrative costs. Since total income u:as smaller j than l'29's, percentage for relief is ac-i ac-i tnally larger than shoum in "pie." national income came not from private pri-vate initiative but from government aid. For example, even the $3,724,-'. $3,724,-'. 000. C00 total relief expense was in-; in-; eluded, as was S57,0CO,0C0 spent for ; war veteran payments. Emergency ' subsistence payments to farmers ! are also counted in. Darkening the picture still more are estimates that total relief costs would have mounted to S4.4f3.S10.CjO instead cf enly S3. 724.010. C10 had federal, state and Isc.l admlnistra- Labor For two years labor's ill-starred dove of peace has sought a resting place, hovering over the battleground battle-ground of John Lewis' Congress for Industrial Organization and William Green's American Federation of Labor. La-bor. This month, for three reasons, the dove hovers nearer earth. But there is still no indication that peace will come via mutual consent; a more likely solution is victory for the A. F. of L., thanks to growing anti-C I. O. sentiment welling up since Homer Martin split the United Automobile Workers during January. Janu-ary. The three indications of a showdown: Supreme Court. The much cussed national labor relations board, allegedly al-legedly pro-C. I. O., was rebuffed in three Supreme court decisions which effectively banned the sit-down sit-down strike. Specifically, the two major decisions ruled (1) that Chicago's Chi-cago's Fansteel Metallurgical corporation cor-poration could not be compelled to " .. Jl--'--., y. : ' ' I "A! : DANIEL TOBIN The peacemaker eschewed peace. rehire participants In the notorious 1937 sitdown, and (2) that NLRB has misruled in charging a Cleveland firm with unfair labor practices for dealing with one set of organized workers after failing to reach an agreement with another set. Since C. I. O.'s most successful weapon has been discredited, C. I. O. itself is thereby discredited. But John Lewis' organization has already al-ready attained a big measure of success, so this effect is unimportant. unimpor-tant. Greater by far is the blow to NLRB's prestige, to be reflected in congress during the next few weeks. Wagner Act. C. I. O. has stood pat against amending the labor act, and well it might, since most NLRB decisions have been favorable. Chief sentiment for change has come from A. F. of L., which lost prestige by NLRB decisions, and employers, who claim the act discriminates dis-criminates against them. Adding its voice is the public, which apparently appar-ently dislikes the idea ol giving NLRB jurisdiction which traditionally tradition-ally has belonged to the courts. Revision Re-vision of the Wagner act is the No. 1 certainty of this year's congress, probably stripping NLRB of its power and establishing another tribunal more to the liking of conservative con-servative elements. How C. L O. would suffer, how A. F. of L. would gain by this move, is strikingly obvious. ob-vious. Peace Talks. Encouraged by court rulings and public sentiment, A. F. of L. could afford to accept President Presi-dent Roosevelt's current labor peace bid, with reservations. Hope of the administration is that labor'i two factions will settle their dispute dis-pute in conference, precluding a fiery congressional debate over Waffnpr art ebanaoc T5,,f tm-- Roosevelt had not counted on such independence as that of William Green and Daniel Tobin, A. F. of L. stalwarts. Appointed a delegate to the peace talks, Mr. Tobin refused to attend on the excuse that he had too much work. A more logical reason is that Mr. Tobin, famed as a peacemaker, failed to see a chance for harmony. It was recalled re-called that at last autumn's Houston Hous-ton A. F. cf L. convection he argued ar-gued for arbitration "provided the points do not involve fundamental laws of the organizations." The same feeling cf futility probably led :.Ir. Green to demand that senate laoor committee hearings on the Wagner act be continued, not postponed post-poned ur.t.l after the conference. ?.ec:gr.i2rr.g a good chance for con- gs;Jlcry- A- F- l. j, l"!."'2;. v-"l!'-g to junk the pea-e -., E..3 p.ay every card while the 4 ijT.e is ripe. |