Show L RIGHT I SELECTION OF TREES TREES FOR OR OR ORCHARD AR J y fx 7 i 04 ys J l f 1 i 7 ij t. t F Good Example of Clean Orchard Cultivation Selection of varieties of fruit trees for for planting should be based upon their adaptation to climate soil market market mar mar- ket demands and to some extent upon the tho personal preferences of the grower grow grow- er er assorts asserts F. F S. S Merrill assistant In horticulture in the Kansas State Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Ag Ag- college The last two points are largely arbitrary most arbitrary most buyers f for r Instance prefer red apples Certain varieties of apple trees are adapted especially to particular sections sec eec says Mr Merrill Only these should be planted To some extent apples adapted to a climate are restricted restricted re re- ro- ro by their soil requirements The market demands play a more Important part in the commercial orchard orchard or or- chard hard than In the home orchard where all apples are consumed on the place As a general rule red apples command higher prices than either the yellow or ortho ortho ortho tho green or russets Hero the appearance appearance appearance ap ap- of the apple rather than its taste influences the Judgment of the tho buyer Apples of soft texture should not lot be grown when they must be handled handled handled han han- often otten and shipped to a distant market It Is s usually advisable for a aman aman aman man to grow such varieties as he personally personally personally per per- prefers Fall FaU and spring plantings are both recommended for certain sections of the country but for Kansas the spring I planting has given uniformly better results than the fall faU planting The planted tall trees are usually severely Injured by the freezing and thawing of the ground before the roots are firmly established This causes the trees to heave beave making replanting necessary the f following spring Despite the fact that fall planting Is not advised it Is considered a good goodplan goodplan goodplan plan to order the nursery stock in the Tall faU so as to get the best trees of the desired varieties There is much controversy about the proper age of trees for planting The advocates for the year one-year tree tre-e assert assert and and rightly that rightly that the trees cost costi costless costless less the freight charges are less and the trees can be headed at any point the grower desires A greater per 1 percentage of such trees will wil live be be 1 i cause there Is a large amount of pC the original root system Those in favor of the older aider trees assert that they come como into bearing earing earlier Whether or not this point is true other factors are in favor of one one- year-old year trees As soon as the trees arrive from the nursery they should be heeled In n a trench They should be bo firmly tamped about the roots to exclude air All trees coming from reputable nurserymen must bear on the certificate certificate cate cats the signature of the state entomologist entomologist ento which shoats that the stock has been inspected and that it is pre pre- free from insect injury points oat Ott Doctor Merrill When planting see to it that the hole is largo large enough so that the tree may be set from two to three Inches deeper than it was in the nursery row is his advice When the position of ot the tree Is la marked by a stake the planting board will bo be found of advantage for keeping the trees in proper alignment This Is Isa isa isa a board wide and four feet long with a notch In the tho center and andone andone and andone one at either end Tho The notch In the center is placed against the tho stake and anda a pin is placed in each of ot the end notches The board and the stake are then removed and the hole is dug The board is placed between the two pins and the young tree Is placed In Inthe Inthe inthe the center notch and kept In the true line of the stakes Before being set out the trees are in a B mixture of ot clay and wa wa- ter This covers the roots and prevents pre pre- prevents vents the root hairs from drying out All broken roots should be trimmed back to the healthy tissue so that heeling heelIng heeling heel heel- ing will be more rapid Many trees are prevented from growing growing growing grow grow- ing by careless planting The earth should be worked under the crown for forthe forthe forthe the presence of air will kill the young root hairs The exclusion of air may maybe maybe maybe be effected by raising and lowering the tree after covering the roots with two or three inches of dirt When the hole holes is s half filled flied and again when nearly full the soil soft should be thoroughly tamped with the tho heels Trees thus planted are almost certain to start to i grow After fter the trees are planted they should uld lie be headed says Rays Mr Merrill MerrUl If it is a year one-year tree this will merely consist of removing the top of the straight whip to the height decided forthe for forthe forthe the head A low or err medium-headed medium tree Is preferred as trees tr es thus headed usually suffer less from winds and sun scald and the orchard operations operations- pruning spraying and harvesting harvesting- cost correspondingly less than on high trees If headed too low the limbs are forced out too close together and the the trees develop serious crotches in later years For low heading 18 inches is isa isa isa a proper height and for high heading 24 inches trees It would For the year two-year-old be impossible to form heads as they have been headed in the nursery The limbs should be pruned so as to have three to five of the strongest and best shoots from which to develop the scat scar scaffold fold branches which should be evenly distributed about the trunk These should be headed back one-half one to one- one third their length preferably to an outside bud so as to encourage the development of a spreading tree |