Show 1 I the A. A E. E Fe F. FeI I StOTt Of o I y yI I n all n b br y- y th North Amerian p r Alliance World 13 11 2 General 1 ri h r Including the S Reproduction in whole or In put part prohibited J John 0 h n J J. J P Pershing Cl'S h- h q CHAPTER Continued Meanwhile hll other of ot our divisions were engaged on distant fr fronts In and Flanders rs our Thirty seventh Ninety first divisions which had been sent to the French Sixth army at nt Marshal l Foch's Fochs request entered the battle October 31 The Cru ridge was taken by bythe bythe bythe the Thirty seventh division dl Farnsworth Farnsworth Farns Farns- 1 I worth on ou the first da day while the Ninety first Johnston advancing against Intense Ore fire seized the str strongly ugly defended wooded area In its front Both Doth divisions moved mo forward rapidly to the river on the following day In pursuit pursuit pursuit pur pur- suit of the enemy Despite resistance resistance resist resist- ance crossings of ot the river were effected by hy the Thirty seventh November November November No No- vember 2 and 3 3 the division bein being relieved the following day Audenarde Au Au- denarde was occupied by the Nine Nine- ty-first ty division on the 2nd and the division was relieved on the 3rd by bythe bythe bythe the French Both Doth divisions re-entered re the line j for the general attack tit oY the French Sixth army November 10 The Thirty seventh division was us directed to relieve two French divisIons divisions divisions di di- visions enst east of the the morning of the but these divisions divisions di dl visions had been unable to cross and were relieved on the west bank U Despite spite severe losses the Thirty seventh succeeded In again crossing the river and moved forward forward for for- ward the following day advancing ad two and a half hulf miles past eastward ward The Ninety-first Ninety division met slight opposition on the and none on the morning of the reaching a aBne aline aline line east of Boucle Saint In the First army the Fifth corps advanced rapidly the morning of ot th the Elements Clements of the Eighty Eighty- ninth division occupied Stena Stenay and established a line on the hill to the north sur Meuse sur Ieuse was mopped up early In the morning and Autreville was occupied The Second Second Sec See ond division advanced to the ridge west of ot Moulins oulins while the Seventy- Seventy seventh se division held Its line of ot the In the Third corps the morning of ot the the Ninetieth division entered and the Fifth and und Thirty-second Thirty divisions were preparing preparing preparing pre pre- paring to attack The Seventy Seventy- ninth division of ot the French Second Second Sec Sec- ond Colonial corps att attacked against the Cote de Romagne and advanced ad a short distance the Twenty-sixth Twenty division made slight gains and the first Eighty division again took On the front of ot the Second army the attack of the Thirty third division division divi divi- sion slon on the 1 th was held up The TheT T Twenty eighth division df carried Its line forward north of ot farm the lie Seventh division made madeno no attack and the second Ninety second division attacked but did not hold bold all its gains Th The line of ot the First array army Novem November November No No- vem vember er 11 extended from Fresnes- Fresnes en en to Pont Pont- Pont The fhe Second army line ran from Port- Port sur sur-Sellie to Fresnes en I Thus both American armies were now In position to carry catry out the offensive as ns directed by my orders November 5 which was what I had Marshal Marshal Mar Mar- planned and advocated ad when Foch Insisted that there should be converging con movement mo of all the armies west of ot the Meuse with Sedan as the objective of the American First army CHAPTER As Aa z the conference between en Marshal Marshal Mar Mar- Foch and the German delegates delegates dele dele- gates ates proceeded and In anticipation tion of advices regarding the armistice armistice armi armi- stice telephone telephone- lines JInes were kept constantly open between my headquarters headquarters head head- quarters and those of the First and Second armies When When word came to me at 0 6 a.m. a. a m m. November ember 11 n that hostilities would cease at 11 a. a m. m directions directions di dl- to that effect were sent Bent to our armies Immediately Our troops had been advancing ad rapidly rapIdly rapIdly rap- rap Idly during the preceding two da days sand s and although every effort was made to reach them promptly a few could not be overtaken before the prescribed prescrIbed prescribed pre pre- scribed hour A brief account of ot the conference conference confer confer- ence with the German delegates was given Iven to me a n afew few da days s 's later by General We lIe He said the Germans came across the line Une by automobile the afternoon of November November November No No- vember 7 and boarded a special railway coach sent by the French to meet them During DUlIng the night this car and the marshals marshal's were I placed side by sl side e In the forest between and Soissons The Time emissaries were ushered Into the marshals marshal's presence and after producing their credentials were I asked the object of ot their visit I They replied that the they had come cometo cometo I Ito to discuss the terms of ot an on armi j stice The marshal then made It clear that he be himself was not requesting requesting re re- re- re questing an armistice and did not care to have hn one When asked If It they wished an armistice they replied that they did The marshal said that If It that was the case cuse here were the terms a copy of which he handed them The severity of ot the demands seemed to surprise them and they appeared very much depres depressed ed They had bad no no power to to sign an armistice armistice ar nr- ar- ar the they said without the consent consent consent con con- sent of the chancellor and after I Isome some little discussion they started an officer to the German capital with the terms They did not seem to object to turning over cannon but deplored deplored de de- de- de the condition which required them to surrender machine guns They finally succeeded In having this reduced to 2000 machine machine ma ma- chine guns on the ground that they might have some left for riot duty In speaking of ot the danger of riots the delegates were asked why they I Idid did lid not send some of their reserve I divisions to 0 maintain order In IIi the Interior Their reply was that they had no divisions dl in reserve as every division that the they had was actually actual actual- ly Iy In line Then they complained about the short time nil allowed owed for evacuation stating that the German German Ger Ger- man army was In no condition to tomoe move mo either forward or backward During November ember 9 D and 10 while waiting for Instructions from their government the delegates talked very freely with We und about conditions In Germany and particularly of the tIle lack of ot food and the fear that there would be famine In places because of ot the bad transportation service A wireless message from the German government authorizing the dele delegates delegates' to sign the armistice was vas received about 11 p. p m. m November November No No- o- o vember 10 It took until 5 a. a m. m the to decode decolle the message complete the discussion and draw up the terms In the rough To 10 stop bloodshed the last lust page of the conditions was written first and this was signed a few minutes after 5 a a. m. m on the Word was then sent out to troops that hostilities would cease cense at 11 n n. n m. m Between September 2 20 1 and November November No No- vember 11 two twenty American and und six French divisions with an approximate fighting strength th of ot men on a 0 front extending from southeast of at Verdun to the Argonne forest had engaged and decisively ely beaten three forty different different different dif dif- ferent German divisions with an nn estimated fi fighting strength of Of Ot the two twenty-two American I divisions four had at different times during durin this period been In Inaction inaction action on fronts other than our own The enemy suffered an nn estimated ed loss of ot over o casualties In this battle and our First army lost about The total strength tb of the First army Including including ing 13 French troops reached men It captured prisoners cannon machine machine ma ma- chine guns and large quantities of ot mn material The transportation and supply of ot divisions to and from our front during this battle was a n gigantic task There were 2 20 1 American and seven lr French divisions besides hundreds ds of thousands of corps and army troops moved mowed In and out of the time American zone zone A total of ot men were evacuated to the rear and more than replacements replacements re re- re- re placements were received It need har hardly ly be restated that our entry into the war gave ga the allies the preponderance of force vitally necessary to out outweigh veigh the tremendous tremendous' increase In the strength of ot the Germans on the western front due to the collapse of Russia Russin and the consequent release of Ger Ger- man divisions employed against her From the military point of view we began to aid the allies early In 1018 1015 when our divisions with training to take toke i active e part In battle were sent to the tIle Inactive o h front to relieve French divisions that they might be used In the fighting line Une The assistance we gave ove the al allies allies nl al- lies In combat began In May with the successful attack of ot one of our divisions at nt Cantigny This was followed early carly in June by the entrance entrance en en- trance Into battle bottle of ot the two divisions divi that thai stopped the tho German advance advance ad ad- vance on Paris near Chateau Chateau- ThIel ry and by three three- others that were put In the defensive e line In July two American divisions with one Moroccan division dI formed the spearhead of the the counterattack counter at tack against the Chateau Thierry salient in hl which h nine of our divisions divi divi- participated There was a total of approximately I American troops engaged In this Second Battle of ot the Marne which Involved very ery sev severe severe r-e r tI lighting fighting hUng and nOlI Ii was not completed until the Germans Germans Ger Ger- mans maus were driven be beyond ond the Vesle In August In the middle of ot September an nn I army of ot Americans reduced the St. St Mihiel salient The latter part purt of September our great battle of ot the Argonne Meuse-Argonne was begun lasting through 47 days of ot intense lighting fighting and ending brilliantly for our our First nn and Second S armies November November No No- vember 11 after more than 1200 American soldiers llers had A Time to Forget Hardships It was a time to forget the hardships hardships hard hard- ships and except to record them with the glorious history history his his- tor tory of our achievements In lu praise and thanks for the decisive victories vic vic- victories tories of our armies and In to guidance guld- guld ance for the future the following order was Issued G II n. Q American Ex Expeditionary Expedition p e d 1 t Ion 0 ary r y Forces General Orders No France Nov 12 1018 1015 The enemy has capitulated It Is fittIn fitting that 1 address m myself myself my my- self In thanks directly to the officers and soldiers of ot the American expeditionary forces who by their heroic efforts have e made possible this this' glori glorI- glorIous glorious ous result Our armies hurrIedly hurriedly hurriedly hur hur- raised and hastily trained ni met t a n veteran enemy and by courage discipline and skill always defeated him Without complaint you ou have haye endured incessant toll toil privation privation privation priva priva- tion and danger You have Im seen many of your comrades make the supreme sacrifice that freedom may live I thank you for the patience and courage courage courage cour cour- age with which you ou have en en- dured I congratulate you upon the splendid fruits of victory victory vic vic- tory which your heroism and the blood of our gallant dead are now presenting to our na na- tion Your deeds will live forever forever for for- er e ever on the most glorious pages paes of ot Americas America's history These things you ou have done There remains now a harder task a which will test your our soldierly soldierly soldierly sol sol- dierly qualities to the utmost Succeed in this and little note will be taken en and few praises will be sung sung fall fail and time tile light of oC your our glorious achievements of the past will sadly be dimmed But nut you ou will not fall fail Every natural tendency ma may urge toward toward to to- ward relaxation In discipline In conduct In appearance In ever everything that marks the sol sol- dier Yet you ou will remember that each officer and und each cach soldier soldier sol dier Is the representative In Europe Europe Europe Eu Eu- rope of his people and that his brilliant deeds of yesterday permit no action of today to pass unnoticed by friend or b by foe toe You will meet this test as as ns- gallantly as ns you have met the time tests of ot the battlefield Sustained Sustained Sustained Sus Sus- by hy your high Ideals and Inspired by the heroic part you ou have played ed you ou will carry corry carryback carryback back to our people the proud consciousness of a n new Americanism Ameri Amen born of sacrifice Whether you stand on hostile hostile hos hose tile territory or on the friendly soil soli of France you will so bear hear yourselves In discipline appearance appearance appear appear- ance and respect for all civil rights that you ou will confirm for nil all time the pride and love which ever every A American merican feels for your uniform and for you JOHN J. J PERSHING General Commander In Chief Official HO ROBERT EnT C. C DAVIS Adjutant General The experience of ot the World war only confirmed the tile lessons of the past The rhe divisions di with little training while aggressive and courageous courageous courageous cour cour- ageous were lacking IncIting In the r ready ady skill of They were capable A e THE RESUMPTION OF THE e ADVANCE IN THE J h NOV 9 s f 7 5 Jj M f A Heavy numerals in indicate divisions in line t s f eu Es 0 5 10 p 5 20 es MILES Fresn Marcheville METZ S g r e I Bois s Q 0 N la Z G ercourt Ili neu I sea 0 d Thiaucourt J Pont a 94 of ot powerful blows but their blows s were apt to be awkward awkward team teamwork work was Voas often orten not well under tinder stood Flexible and resourceful dl visions cannot be created by a n few tew maneuvers or by a 11 few months' months association of ot their elements On the other hand hund without the keen Intelligence the endurance the willingness ness and the enthusiasm displayed dis played ed in the training areas arens and und on the he battlefields the decisive results results re re- re- re suits obtained would have been Impossible Im Imn possible Praise for Young Commanders Upon the young commanders of ot platoons companies and battalions fell feU the heaviest burden The They not only suffered all nU the dangers and rigors of battle but carried the responsibility responsibility re re- of curing caring for and directing di dl their men Inca often newl newly arrived arrived ar ar- rived and with but little training Deeds of ot daring were legion itis It ItIs ItIs Is not intended to discriminate between between be tween those whose heroic services have ha been reco recognized and the thousands of ot others other who bore themselves with equal gallantry but whose deeds are are known only by the victorious results As t typifying pl f the spirit of ot the rank ranle and file me of f our great army of valorous men I would woul mention Samuel Sam Sum Samuel Sumuel uel Fifth division who attacked single handed a series of |