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Show Robinson Anson Crusoe CrusoeWho ' " y 4/M 4 M 4MWho / Who Was He ? Where Was His'Island HisIsland His ' j , , , . Island ? s sr sn r n d F Fd Ffamous A famous adventurer telIs tells telIshow tellshow / / how he lived again the life lifeof lifeof / / t ts tof p , of the immortal castaway castawayp castawayof s of fiction-in fiction in fiction - in the same place- place placeunder place , / / - _ under the same conditions ! taxr / y 4 4H N Ny ; H ' N r r / 4 y 9 f f4 /4 4 / % - < .y y . \ / , / / % A / sAhaco k * y i o 'f f ' s\Ahac s Ahac sAhacs ' \ * f < ? < ' s w b bX bnk X nk nkj /j j / jI / r ///I I X Xi Xf / / / ' 4 1r 71 ( /1 1 / 1t r 7 - , { " 'NH/ 'NH NH " ' ' " . ; / t , 'Y Y ' 7 ' 'NHt , . " : / ' -t t ; - d < ! , > t r/ r rl ; / . ? / , . \ hs , . , { . _ NaxNt-S NaxNt S - " - ' - ( - l q ' , C yy " < : , , rt rtr / / . ! . ' a ao ' a.C aC nr.iwdC nriwdC o Rx , , i r < r f . < . ' rr r r r1 t-1.0- t1.0 t 1.0 10 t1.01 - , . - . , 1- 1 " : - 1r " ' " ! . ' > " r . . ' " , : - , Y . , - > . 1 v * . , fc ! / 7 7n'v.ef.iM.Lfr'NNN ' t MA _ . 1 11y 1y V.1 V1 . ttaa n'v.ef.iM.Lfr'NNN nvefiM.LfrNNN nvefiMLfrNNN . . . ' / . . -u u . - . " . .u/ .u .uBy . . / " . . . , . . . . . - - - By RICHARD HALLIBURTONAuthor BALLIBURTONAuthor HALLIBURTON BALLIBURTON HALLIBURTONAuthor Author of "The The " Royal Road to toRomance toRomance Romance mance , " etc , . 0 1) 1 " ) ECENTLY I gave a talk talkabout talk1x talkJLV RECENTLY 1x 1xabout about my favorite favonte char char- character character character - acter in lIterature-RobInson lIterature RobInson lIteratureRobInsonCrusoe literatureRobinsonCrusoe literature - BobmsonCrusoe Crusoe . I stated that I had hadhved hadlived hadhved hved lived a month on Crusoe's Crusoes Crusoe'sIsland Crusoe'sisland Crusoe'sisland Crusoesisland ' Island , in the same manner manneras ( as far as possible ) he had hadhved hadlived hadhved hved lived . The island chosen was wasTobago wasTobago wasTobago Tobago , near Trinidad Tnmdad , in the theCanbbean theCaribbean theI Caribbean Canbbean sea . Outraged members of my audi audI- audIence audience audience - ence protested tha that t my Ignorance Ignorancewas ignorancewas ignorancewas was appalling appallmg , and that the mis mIS- mISm misinformation misinformation - m information ormatIon I gave downright crim crun- crun crim- crunmal criminal criminal - - inal mal , since everybody knew that thatCrusoe's thatCrusoe's thatCrusoe's thatCrusoes Crusoe's Crusoes ' island was Juan Fernan- Fernan Fernandez Fernandez Fernan-dez Fernan dez - - dez , off Chile Clule , m In the Pacific b'acific bacific i > ' acmc . Ale Alexander ander Selkirk Se1k1rk , a Scotch mar mar- marmer mariner mariner - iner mer , was marooned alone from 1704 1704to 1704to 1704to to 1709 on Juan Fernandez Robin Rdbm- Rdbm Rdbin- Rdbin Rdbmson Rdbinson Robinson - - son Crusoe , an entirely fictItIous fictItIouscharacter fictitiouscharacter fictitiouscharacter character whose adventures were werepatterned werepatterned werepatterned patterned , family famtly , on those of Sel Sel- SelkIrk Selkirk Selkirk - kirk , lived a fictitious 29 years on onan onan onan an island which author Daniel De- De Defoe Defoe De Defoe - foe clearly identifies as TobagoTo TobagoTo Tobago TobagoTo To satisfy my curiosity about aboutcach abouteach abouteach cach each of these characters I lived a amonth amonth amonth month on each of their islands It Itwas Itwas Itwas was fun , but lonesomeChooses lonesome lonesomeChooses Chooses to Be Castaway . Juan Fernandez is 400 miles out outIn outin outm In the Pacific , straight west of Val- Val Valparaiso Val Valparaiso - . paraiso paralso It is 12 miles long and 3 3WIde 3vide 3wide WIde vide , , and covered with grim gum vol- vol volcame vol volcanic - . canic camc came crags that rise 3,000 3000 , feet feetabove feetabove feetabove above the sea A navigator has hasdIfficulty hasdimculty hasdifficulty dIfficulty dimculty landing landrng , for the shore hne line hneIS lineis lineis IS buttressed with an all but con contmuous contenuous contmuous tmuous tenuous wall of cliffs chffs 1,000 1000 , feet hIgh hIghagamst highagainst highagainst agamst against which wInch the Pacific hurls It- It Itself itself it itself - self with interminable mtermlOable rage Only Onlyone Onlyone Onlyone one small bay and stretch of sand IS ISto isto isto to be found , and there the Span Span- Spanish Spanish . - ish discoverer dlscoverer , . Juan Fernandez Fernandezlanded , landed in 1540 , and here Alexander AlexanderSelltlrk AlexanderSelkirk AlexanderSelkirk Selltlrk Selkirk went ashore in m 1704This 1704This 1704 1704This This going golOg ashore was Selkirk's Selkirks Selkirk'sown Selkirk'sown Selkirk'sown Selkirksown ' own idea He had quarreled vio- vio violently vio via violently - . lently with the captain captam { ) of f his sallmg sailing sallmgsillp sailingship sailingship sillp ship , and exclaimed , as they lay layanchored layanchored layanchored anchored m In the bay , that he would wouldrather wouldrather wouldrather rather land and remain behmd behind behindalone , alone-forblddmg alone forblddmg alone-forbidding forbidding - forbidding and unmhabIted uninhabited uninhabitedas unmhabItedas as the island looked-than looked than looked - than stay an- an another an another . - other minute mmute on such a misman mIsman- mIsmanaged mismanaged mismanaged - - aged ShIPThe shipThe ship shipThe The captain captam was more than will will- willing willing . - ing mg to oblige him He was left alone aloneon aloneon aloneon on the beach The ship sillp sailed off offand , and andas \ was \\as as never seen again agam , for short short- shortly shortly shortly - ly after , it struck a rock on the theSouth theSouth theSouth South American Amencan coast , and its en entIre entare entire tIre tare crew perIshedSelkIrk perishedSelkirk perished perishedSelkirk Selkirk , twenty eight years old oldand , and left to his own devices , looked lookedabout lookedabout lookedabout about He found his private king kmg king- kingdom kingdom . - dom v/ell v ell well / supplied with food Goats Goatsput Goatsput Goatsput put ashore by b : } buccaneers to mul- mul multiply mul multiply - . tiply tlply , and supply food for them , had hadmultiplIed hadmultiplied hadmultiplied multiplIed prodlgl prodigiously usly , , and ran ranwIld ran.wild ranwild . . wild overthecrapg over the A r > nif nf . , o wild overthecrapg over the A r > nif nf . , o crats crags : ! A 'Dalr Dalr ' pair of at Ctt cats catsescaped : _ , escaped from some ship , were now nowa nowa a family faInlly of 500 Seals crawled over overthe overthe overthe the rocky promontories in thou thou- thousands thousands . - sands , , and lobsters at certain certam sea sea- seasons seasons . - sons carpeted the beachThe beach beachThe The climate , in m contrast to Cru Crusoe's Crusae's Crusoe's Crusoes soe's soes sae's saes ' paradise , was m 10 in no sense tropIcal-no tropIcal no sensetropical sensetropicalno - no palms , no parrots , no flowers noflowers , and certainly certamly no Canb CQrIb Carib In In- In - . I Idlans In-1 In 1 Indians dians dlans JuanFernandez to provide a Friday Juan Fernandez ratherbarren is a stem stern , cold , rather barren islandRescued island islandRescued Rescued Rescucd From Solitude Sohtude . theDuke In 1709 a British privateer , the Duke , approached the bay-thc bay thc bay-the the bay - the first firstsail firstsail firstsail sail daysHow Selkirk had seen m in 1,580 1580 , days How overjoyed he mu must t have been ! On shore a light appeared Fear ing lug Fearing Fearlug a Spanish Spamsh ambush , the captain sent captainsent ashore a lifeboat with ten well- well wellarmed wellarmed well-armed well armed - armed sailors sulors : to investigate mvestlgate They brought Theybrought backone back one wild man dressed dressedall all m in goatskins , and wilderthan derthan looking w wilder der than the original orIgmal owner of the ap parel apparel athim The entire crew stared apI at I hIm and listened with ama amazement cment to tohis his story . Despite his lus savage and disheveled disheveledappearance dlsht disheveledappearance . veled veledappearance appearance he seemed to have h.we hwe . . fal fan fatedrather ed edrather edrather rather well In daily dally pursuit of the goats thegoats up hill hll1 and around the crags , kIllmg killing cragskilling them barehanded , or brIng 109 ing bringing them backalIve back alive to his cave to tobo tobe be tamed he agileas aglleas , had become as aglle agile as the animalsAt animals ammals animalsAt At first firct ; the swarms of rats almost almost al | mosi most drove him to despair They gnawed his clothes and stole hIS hISfood hisfood hisfood food So ho he made overtures to the themnumerable theinnumerable theinnumerable mnumerable innumerable cats by feeding feedmg them themmilk themmilk themmilk milk and meat A dozen of them be- be became became be became - came domesticated , and defended defendedhIm defendedhim defendedhim hIm thenceforth from the rat ratplague ratplague ratplague ratplagueCouldn't plague plagueCouldn't plagueCouldn't Couldn't Couldnt ' Cut Beard . To relieve reheve his loneliness he sang sangand sangand and danced with his cats and kIds kidsand , and shouted English at them , lest lestm lestin lestm m in his solitary exile eXlle he forget how howto howto howto to speak his own languageHe languageHe language languageHe He had no-form no form no4orm - - of cutting instru Instru- Instrument instrument instrument - - ment Consequently tor for four years yearsand yearsand yearsand and four months he was able ad nei nel- nel nelther neither - - ther to clip his beard nor cut his hishair hishair hishair hair . No wonder his appearance appearancewas was so astonishing astomshmg astonishingOn astomshmgOn On the same beach where SelkIrk SelkIrkwent Selkirkwent Selkirkwent went ashore I landed from my Val Val- ValparaIso Valparaiso Valparaiso - paraiso fishing fishmg boat The island to- to today to today . - day shelters a few poor Chllean Chilean Chlleanfishmg Chileanfishing Chileanfishing fishmg fishing families famlhes who have little httle or orno orno orno no idea why their island is famous famousThey famousThey famousThey They don't dont ' understand it at allI allI all allI I found Selkirk's Selkirks Selk1rk's Selk1rks ' cave easIlY-Just easIlY Just easIlYJusta easily - justa a shallow grotto worn in the rocks rocksby rocksby rocksby by the waves But mussels clung In Inmllhons inmillions mmillions mllhons millions to these rocks , and at low lowtIde lowtide lowtide tIde crabs and lobsters peep at you youfrom youfrom youfrom from every little poolFrom poolFrom pool poolFrom From this tills cave Selkirk wore a apath apath apath path up the mountainside mountamside to a notch notchnear notchnear notchnear near the top-hIS top hIS top - his lookout-from lookout from lookoutfromwhIch lookoutfromwhich lookout - fromv/hich fromv hich whIch / he could command the sea inevery In Inevery inevery every direction d1rectIon directionFinds Finds Fmds \ Magnificent 1\lagmficent 1 lagmficent View VICW . I climbed the precipitous trall trail trallkept trailkept trailkept ( kept clean by modern woodgather- woodgather woodgather-ers woodgather ers woodgatherers woodgatherere - ers ere ) and reached the lookoutI've lookoutI've lookout lookoutI've ' I've Ive ' never seen a more spectacu spectacular spectacular spectacular lar picture than the view there therewith , wIth this wild wlld , black-visaged black visaged black.vIsaged blackvIsaged - . island islandT . e 4 4TODAUo TODAUo TODAUo"a rRip rRipO O "a a " s st F FrRip 6 6P P J - e 6j , j 1 t ftltgpg a M Mjoa , joa 6 ilQ D RAZrt il ila ila a Q , a as z zn n ' VIP VIPV.LPARA . soZ Z 9O 9OWAr V.LPARA VLPARA so sowcy wcy wcy9O luFEc1igNDez WAr WArlu , JUANFERNWDez T , lu FEc1igNDez FEc1igNDeztD tD tD'ii'FALI 6 'ii'FALI iiFALI ' W ' FALKLAND < LAND 11 11pitching 1 pitching pltchmg and tumbling down below belowand , and the unbroken blue stretchIng stretchingfor for a hundred miles on every sIde sIdeIt sideIt sideIt It wa was : ; savage country , . In 1711 Selkirk got back to Eng- Eng England Eng England - . land There he became a mmorcelebrity minorcelebrity minor mmor celebrity in m the coffee houses-such houses such housessuchas houses - suchas as Daniel Damel Defoe undoubtedly fre- fre frequented fre frequented - . quented In fact Selkirk put ills his illsnotes hisnotes hisnotes notes in m Defoe's Defoes ' hands to arrange for arrangefor publication publlcahon "But But " that th3t Ingeruous ingenious IngeruouslIterary ingeniousliterary ingeniousliterary lIterary pirate , " wrote a sharp crit- crit critic crit critic - . ic of the great author a century 1at lat 1ater later later er , "converted converted " the original angInal manu manu- manuscript manu.script manuscript - . scrIpt , by the aid of luxurious fancy fancyinto , mto into the well known romance of Rob Rob- Robinson Robinson . - inson mson Crusoe , and defrauded Selkirk Selkirkof of the profits which it was reason reason- reasonable reasonable . - able to suppose he would have haver havereaped havereaped r reaped aped " We know Defoe meant meQnt his hero's heros hero'sIsland hero'sisland hero'sisland herosisland ' Island to be Tobago , for the tine author authordnves authordrives authordrives dnves drives him and his ship before the thestorm thestorm thestorm storm "to to " the coast of Guiana , on onthe onthe the onthe nOl noith north th pal pait pant t of Brazil , beyond the theAmazones Amazones , across the mouth of the theOrinoco OrInoco river nver . . Friday , a Canb Carib Canbbean Caribbean Canbbean ( bean ) Indian , came from what IS ISnow isnow isnow now the coast of Venezuela From Froma a hilltop Crusoe also could see the thethree thethree thethree three peaks on the "great great " island ot of otTrmldad ofTrinidad Trmldad Trinidad ofTrinidad " Tobago is near the mouth of the theOrinoco OrInOCO , and only 20 miles from Trmidad Trinidad TrmidadRccrcatrng TrinidadRecreating fromTrinidad fromTrmidad fromTrinidadRecreating Re-creating Re creating Rc-crcatrng Rc crcatrng - - Crusoe . , I approached Tobsgo Tobtlgo Tobago in a manner dramatically mannerdramatically sir .lar lar siar . lar to Crusoe's Crusoes Crusoc's- Crusoc's Crusocs Crusoe's- Crusoe'sin Crusoc'sm ' - in m a stoirn stOlm stoini My sailboat sallboat , like I1ke Cru Crusoe's Crusod's Crusoe's Crusoes soe's soes sod's sods ' was W3S driven past the thc mouth of the ofthe OrInoco-comIng OrInoco comIng Orinoco - coming home homc from fromDevil's fromDevils fromDevll's Devll's Devlls Devil's Devils ' island in m French rrcnch Guiana . ; and though thou/.h thou.h thou .h h thoubh / ; . I intended mtended to land lQnd o on Tobago onTobago I did dtd not intend to be bepItched bepitched bepitched pItched on the beach there wIth wIthsuch withsuch withsuch such terrible violence It was Wts : a lonely alonely beautifulbeach but mdescnbably mdescrlbably indescribably beautiful beach palm shaded shadLd A chalk cave m nearby arby offered me just the shelter I Ineeded Ineedled I needed to relive , as I intended to toattempt toattempt toattempt attempt , the l life e of Crusoe . I IFrom From my six ton sailboat sallboat I pur pur- purchased pur- pur purchased purchased - - chased all the provisions and gear- gear gearsails gearsails gear gearsails - sails , rope , tools , barrels , iron stove stovehammock , hammock , cooking pots , fishmg fishing fishingtackle fishingtackle tackle , two guns and ammunition ammumtIon- ammumtIon ammunition- ammumtIonand ammunitionand ammunitionand - and Adam the boat's boats ' dog Then my mycraft mycraft craft sailed off oft to Trinidad , and left leftme leftme leftme me m In solitary sohtary exIleStraightway exileStraightway exile exileStraightway Straightway I made my cave as ashomelike |