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Show WO 'NO NO N0 ' SECRETE SECRETS ' IS NEW NAVAL THEMEUnited THEME THEMEUnited . United States , Britain and France Sign Pact to Inform Infornl One An An- Another Another . - other of Annual Construction ; Italy May Agree . By WILLIAM C . . UTLEYB UTLEYEFORE UTLEY UTLEYEFORE . EFORE the recent na\ na navalconference na\al na al naal naval \ al alconference conference began in London 1t it 1twas itwas itwas BEFORE B was a foregone conclusion that nothing noth1Og in 10 the way of a atreaty atreaty atreaty treaty treatyagreement agreement between the principal pr10clpal powers limIting limitingor or reducing reduc10g the quantity ofnaval of naval armaments wouldre would re- re result result re result - sult . , Prevention ofa of a world na\ na na\al na al naal naval \ al race was the highest lughest hope held heldout heldout heldout out byany by any of the delegates . Conditions were uncertain uncertam withvtar with \ viar vtar \ r clouds broodmgover broodingover brooding broodmg over overEurope overEurope overEurope Europe , Asia and Africa , and andith andwith \ \\ith ith with \ \ Ith Japan already havmgan havingan having havmg an- an announced announced an announced - nounced her intention mtentIon to break the 553ratio 5-5-3 5 3 - - ratio of the oldVash old Wash \Vash- Vash Wash- Washington \ Washington Vashmgton - ington mg-ton mg ton - and London pacts . - Predictions were correct . . Old Oltl Oltltreaties Old'treaties Oldtreaties ' treaties were scrapped at St Jame James James'palace Jamespalace < ; ' ' palace But out of or the wreckage wreckag-c wreckag c - of offormer offormer offormer former treitles tre'1t1cs tre1t1cs trestles ' arose a ne\ ne neidea new \ . ideawhich idea ideawhich Ideawliich which gives fair fn.1r fn1r . promise of bring bringIng bringlag bringIng Ing lag a solution to the problem of ofmeeting ofmeeting ofmeeting meeting changing cbanglng International con con- condltlons conditions conditions - ditions dltlons over the ye'lrs-a ye'lrs yelrs a years-a years yeirs ' - a problem problemwhich problemwhich problemwhich which all aU too often rendeis rendels renders long longterm longterm longterm term treaties \ with Ith rigid limit'1t1ons limit1t1ons limitations limit'1t1ons1mpractlcal limitationshapracticaL limltitlonsimpractical ' 1mpractlcal hapracticaL . , hapracticaLEven Even Lven more Important is theten theren the rendency ten ren tendency ndency dency of the new ' plan to do aay away awaywith a\\ a awaywith \ ay aywith with nations ' inherent distrust of ofone ofone ofone one another . . Under Its precepts the , . . , 11 y 7/ 7 / " " 4 k . rat ratr r - . fit 1 f signatory Slgnatorv mtions n'1t1ons n1t1ons nations ' , , rather rther ; than con conceal concoal conceal ceal coal their nival n'l\al n'l nl al ' \ bUll building mg progr'1ms progr1ms progrirns progr'1msotten progrirnsoften prognmsoften ' ( otten often bociuse uec'luse uecluse because ' such programs are areout areout areout out of Imeuth line Ime \ with \uth uth treity tre'lty trelty tregty ' ImitatIOns limitations ) limitationsfurnish ) , furnish one anotlier another with complete completeinform'lt1On completeinformation completeinformition inform'lt1On informlt1On information ' each icar sear ear as to the en entIre entire entire tIre building bul1tl1ng programs probrams \ which hIch they theyplan theyplan theyplan plan for that year . No Quantitative Limits . . Under tlie the infornntional 'inform'1tlOnal inform1tlOnal 'informgtional informgtional ' ' ' ' ' phn pin phnthere pinthere plinthere there are no limits lhDltS on the number numberof numberof numberof of ships ani any an nation n.1tlon n1tlon . can bul1d- bul1d build- build buildalthough bul1dalthough build buildalthough - although there are limits Inuits upon the thesize thesize tliesize size of the ships But \ when \ hen the thebulldIn thebullding thebuilding bulldIn bullding , ; information is submlttell submitted submlttelleach submittedeach submittedeach each year ear . , It Is uelIe\ uelIe believed uelIeLd \ Ld that thevarious the thevarious thevarious various nations " will "Ill Ill be able to ef of effeet offeet effeet feet annual agreements \ which hlch hlchVIII \VIII VIII will VIIIbe willbe \ willbe be mutually mutualIv S sitisfactor lhsfactoQ ttisfactory To tlie the lay layobsen layobserver layobserver obsen observer er It might ' ippear 'lppenr lppenr tliat that the thenotlfic'ltion thenotification tlieuotlficition notlfic'ltion notlficltion notification ' principle prmcIple ml might ht hasten h\sten h sten " \ 1 i ' 1na inavel inavil na\ na na11 navel \ 11 ' race rather thin th'ln thln ' deter it nut But nutdelegates Butdelegates Butdelegates delegates to the London conference conferencewere conferencewere conferencewere were inclined to the opposite viewNormin viewNorm'1n view viewNormin Normin Norm'1n Norm1n ' H Davis Daus , , the AmerICan AmerICandeleatc Americandelegate Americandelegate deleatc delegate , ; , said smd that thnt the foremost ac- ac accompJIshments accomplishments ac accomplishments - complishments compJIshments of the new treat treaty treatywere treatywere were * ' the provisions prOV1SlOns which for thefirst the thefirst thefirst first time Introduce tlie tlle the principle principleof of advance ndvance notification of bul1dmg building buildingprograms bul1dmgprograms buildingprograms programs combined with a rigid and anddetal1ed anddetailed anddetailed detal1ed detailed system of exchange of In InformatiOn Information information formatiOn . . . "The The " fear of what wbat your neighbor neighborIs neighbor1s 1s is about to do duses C'luses Cluses causes ' dl dl&trust dltrust distrust & trust and andsuspicIon andsuspicion andsuspicion suspicIon which may in turn lead leadto leadto leadto to a competitive Increase in arm armaments armaments armamenta aments We hope bope to eliminate e1lmlnate this thisfe'lr thisfe'ir thisfeir fe'lr felr fe'ir feir ' ' in respect of nd\ nd naval ndal \ al armaments armamentsby armamentsby armamentsby by telling te1llng eich e'1ch e1ch each ' other frankly und and undbonesttv andhonestly andhonestly bonesttv honestly In advance ndvance of our inten intentfons intenlions intentions tfons lions Wo We believe bel1eve that such an act act111 actwill actwill \\111 111 will ' \ tend so to regulate the r'1Pullty r1Pullty ripulrty ripulrtyand r'1Pulltyand npidityand ' and def'clor defclor development ' > ment of the construc construc- construe- construe construction construetlon construction - tion tlon of one nation tint th'lt thlt ' it cannot cannotbe cannotbe cannotbe be rcgirded reg'1rded reg1rded regarded ' as a menace mendce to others " Hope Japan Will Sign Sign.The SignThe . . .rhe rhe The ' . treity tre'lty trelty tregty ' was signed sIgncd by Great GreatBrit'lln GreatBrltiin GreatBritiin Brit'lln Britlln Brltiin ' , France rrance and the United UnitedStates UnitedStates UnlteilStates States Japan is going to bIgn sign s > Ign the thesubmarIne thesubmarine thesubmarine submarIne protocol agreed to durlag dur durlng during lng lag the negotiations Italy , It is be- be believed believed be believed - - lieved , , will w111 sign slg-n slg n - the entire treatybefore treaty treatybefore treatybefore before the year Is out It Is hoped hopedthat hopedthat hopedthat that Japanlll Japan will \\lll lll sill \ also sign It ItAssuming : . Assuming that th.1t th1t . the proper bodiesin bodIes bodIesIn bodiesIn In each of the sigmtory sIgn'ltory sIgnltory signatory ' nations nationsiU nationswill nationswill \\iU iU will \ \ ratify the treat treaty ,11 11 , It will become becomeeffective becomeeffective becomeeffective effective January 1 , ] 1937 037 , , \ which \ hlch isthe Is Is11le isthe 11le the day dny after actcr tlie the trcities tre'1tIes tre1tIes trestles ' of Wash WashIngton Washington WashIngton Ington in 19 ] 1020 O _ O 0 and London in lD31 1931 lD31e 1931expire 1931Ctplre e expire plre . . RitiCicitIon H'ltifiC'ltion HltifiCltion ltitifcition ' ' by bv the tlle UnitedStates United UnitedStates UnitedStates States scmte semte sengte is expected e\ICcted e ICcted " \ : ) , although althoughthere althoughthere althouglithere there was some sonic ' ilann 'llarm llarm ilarm on this pointbecause point pointbecause pointbecause because of notes e\chan e chan e\changed e changed evchangec \ ' e : by bv Bri i3ri- i3ri Bri- Bri Britain's i3ritain's Britain's - - tain's tains ' ' Anthon Anthony Ldcn Eden l : en and Amenta's Amentas America's Americas Amenta'sDa America'sDavis America'sDavis AmericasDavis ' ' Da\ Da DaIs Davis \ Is While WhIte the tbe notes note : . ? osteI1 ostensibly ! > llJly are merely a u ' ' gentlemen's gentlemens genUemen's genUemens ' ' agree agree- agreement agreement agreement - - ment " to milntain m'lIntaln mlIntaln milntaia ' the nn\ nn naval nnal \ al parity parityprInciple parityprinciple parityprinciple prInciple b between .tween tween < . the United States Statesand Statesand Statesand and Great Britiin nrlt'lln nrltlln Britain ' , they have hnve in insome insome insome some quirters QU'lrters QUlrters ' been suspected of ofbeln ofbeing ofbeing beln being , ; , in effect e1l'ect e1lect ' , an out and out al- al alliance alliance al alliance - - liance between the two countries countriesIt It uould Iwuld be a mistake , naial natal natalau au autTIOTItles autlionties authonties tTIOTItles tlionties point out , to suppose tTaat that tTaatthe thatthe thatthe the treaty m In itself Ilelf $ mil will It all provide any anyImportant anyimportant anyimportant Important results re ull $ Its imporance lies ties liesracier . , , rather , . in the new trendof trend ofnaval of naval bar bar- bargaining bargaining . - gaining gaUllTlg which wlllcla wlllclaIt whichit it estabhshesnecause establishesBecause establishes estabhshes establishesBecause Because necause no ratios arc are defined , , and - ) - b R ' S aS A % a Ri i f . . r tit ? "y.1 y.1 y1 "y.1f " " f r r y Y l lr r i iz iw it i'c z , f fv v , a ( I Ia w a t 'c c ' a r3da r3d r3dd r3dt r3dg r3de d g , , + t .g g . y ' y yyy yy yy4aq 4aq e r 1 p1 { 4 ry ' v aev 3 3t , ae t ' J1 . 1 a iR ' ; a f 7 g . k kti . ti o of ? 9 7f f , st r ra rg a g t r i Zt . : + " . r rrays rays rY 4 4Y Y , t tx t tJ"M 56 : x ti a n , J"M JM " " E Ey y a llr llrr r _ New U . S Destroyers Cassin Casson and Shaw Being Launched From PhIladelphia PhIladelphiaNavy PhiladelphiaNavy Navy Yards as Fleet Is Increased no quantitative quantitathe llmititions 1Imlt'ltlOns 1ImltltlOns limitations ' pre pre- presCribed pre- pre prescrihed prescribed - - scribed scrihed , n mtions ntions \tions tions itions \ are not likely lIhely to be beof'ended beorended beoFended of'ended ofended orended " ' by being bemg regarded refaned ; ] as in inferlOr inferior infenor ferlOr ferior Neither \ will \ III nations natlOn'3 natlOn3 ' which whichsign \ whichsign hlch hlchsIgn sIgn the treaty be restricted from frombmldm frombuilding frombuilding bmldm building , ; over quantitative quantltatne hmUa limita hmUatlOns limitatrons limitations tlOns trons should they Ond find themselves themselvessuddenly tbemseh themselvessuddenly es suddenly plunged into a wn W'11 W11 wit ' Un Under Under Under der the Washington and old Lon London London London don ti 11 trestles cities c\tfes c tfes ' \ the signatoiv SlgnatOl v natIOns natIOnswere nationswere nationswere were bo bound nd to stay within wl1lUD certain certain1Imlts certainlimits certainlimits 1Imlts limits regardless of the vv \ way \ fiY ay In inwhich inwhich which \ \ hleh their relations \ with sith \ I1h non sig slg- slg sig- slgn.1tory signatory signatory - natory n.1tory n1tory . nations might cinnge ch'lnge chlnge chgnge ' durIng durIngthe duringthe duringtlie the spin sp'ln spln ' of the tlea11esTreaty tieatiesTreaty tieaties tlea11es tieatiesTreaty Treaty Lasts Six Years . While WhIte the new treaty will sill \ \ 111 list hst for forSIX forsix forsix SIX 3 iears ears , expiring on December 31 , . . - - - - - - - - - displacement dlcplacement ; , , dimensions , , speed de- de desIgned designed de designed - - signed , type of machinery , type of offuel offuel offuel fuel , accurate number and nnd ca11ber caliber ca11berof caliberof caliberof of all aU nil guns gnns over three Inches , ap- ap approxImate approximate ap approximate - - proximate number of guns under underthree underthree underthree three Inches , provision for mine lay- lay laying lay lay- layIn laying - In ing , ; , torpedo tubes and the number numberof numberof of aircraft " which "blch blch can be carded cariled canled.When canledWhen . When the keel heel Is actuilly actu'lJ1y actulJ1y actuiliy ' lild hid no-- no notlce no notice - ' tice tlce must immediately be given glen , gh en , as asIt asit asit It must again when the ship Is completed com com- completed completed - pleted . If during the tbe construction constructionchanges constructionchanges constructionchanges changes in design of ot any slilp ship are arealtered arealtered arealtered altered , , notincation notltlcatlon notification must also 31so be begh begiven begiven gh given In for these changesNotlfic'ltlon changesNotific changes changesNotlficition Notific Notlficition Notlfic'ltlon Notlficltlon ' ition is not necessary Decessary upon uponshIps uponships uponsliips shIps of the au auxiliary 11Iary llinry tipe type t pe , such suchas suchas suchas as hospital ships , repair ships , tank tank- tankers tankers tankers - ers , transports trancports ; and the like 1I1.e 1I1e . , or upon uponcraft uponcraft uponcraft craft of less tlian than 100 tons burden burden.Exchanges burdenExchanges . r-xchanges r xchanges Exchanges - of lists 11st5 of all such minor minorshIps minorships minorsliips shIps are called caUed for , however , when whenthe \ whenthe \ hen henthe the treaty goes into effect effectCompetition : . . Competition Cost ReducedTbe ReducedThe Reduced ReducedThe The Tbe limitations 1Imltatfons which the treaty treatyImpoces treatyImposes treatyimposes Impoces Imposes : ; upon the sizes of ot ships and andtheIr andtheir andtheir theIr guns arc are designed to reduce reducethe reducethe reducethe the cost of competition in naval navalbuilding navalbuilding navalbuilding building ' , by making mahlng it more unl uni unlform uniform unlform form These limitations Umltatlons are modIfied modIfiedby modifiedby modifiedby " " c1auses clauses c1auseswhich clauseswhich clauseswhich by a number of "escape escape which are Inserted to make provi provislons provisions provlslons slons sions for estnordlnary extr'1ordlnary extr1ordlnary extriordinary ' circum circum- circumstances circumstances circumstances - - stances such as asvar vv " \var var "ar ar \ ar , . Success or failure of 0/ 0 0the / the "mforma mforma "informa informa "mformatlOnal "informational "informational informational " ' ' Howwell how howIIell howwell tlOnal tional plan depends greatly upon II-ell II ell well - the nations natloTlS , even those tcho leTlO who did didnot didnot didnot not sign , stay within Wltlun wrtlun the qualitativelimitations qualrtatll1e qualitative qualrtatll1elmitatIOns qualitativelimitations lmitatIOns limitations , of the tlae treaty Should Slaould Japan Japandepart Japandepart Japandepart depart drastically from these lmuta lrmrta lmutatlOns lrmrtatrans limitstions tlOns trans in Jier her new naial natal nat al building bulldmg budding it IS ISalmost isalmost isalmost almost certain certam lliat drat that the Itorthof worthof north Itorth worth of the thetreaty thetreaty thetreaty treaty would be reduced for the United VllIt Unit VllIted United ed States and Great Britain Brltam are notonly not notonly notonly only agreed to maintain mamtam the 553 S 5 3 rado ro ra rotlO ratoo tlO too by Keeping l.eepmg leepmg . pace with ulth urth Japan's Japans Japan'sbmldmg Japan'sbuilding Japan'sbuilding Japansbuilding ' bmldmg building , but |