Show I y j BELEAGUERED CUBA The Defenses of tIer Numerous Seacoast Towns Santiago de Cuba the Most Strongly I Fortified City In the War I Stricken Island Copyright 16081 I It Is surprising how little Is known Ir this country of the many Parts on the northern shore of Cuba which either I have already been besieged by tho wa ships of our navy or will In I a short time form > the targets for Borne ot our henvlt marine gun Ot IInvann or lIabnnn fix the Span lards spell It so much lias been writ m rdsfispell 1 on that any further details are seem Ingly superfluous Its Morro Castle at the left of the entrance leading to the semicircular harbor Is far famed Directly Di-rectly opposite Is the Itaterln de la Punta Pun-ta on a projecting tongue ot land called In Punta On the IIrno side as Morro Is the grim forbidding exterior of the castle La Cabunas used for years as a prison house Tho fortification Is I local ed upon abrupt hills Still farther In iard Is the Casa I1lana Commanding the city and beyond In regular succes Ion around the bay are seen the fort Numero Contra Principe San Lazar and Vastori the tower of Chorrera and < the fortress of Santo Domingo Between the forts Numero Cuitro nnd Casa Clflnca stands the small town of Higla with Us vast warehouses built of stone and corrugated Iron os handsome And Substantial as tiny In file world and In which each year has been stored tho greater part of the Island sugar preparatory pre-paratory I to exportation Ilabli Honda meaning deep bay I 13 CO miles west couthweet of Havana and the most direct natural objective point for the landing of United States troops from Tampa or the western penInsular pen-Insular coast of rioilda asp a glance at X the as-p Instantly leveals There tire numerous large harbors mo 10 than In hundred harbored Mnln on the nortbrn shOre ot Cuba but the best ot nil is Unit of Bahia I I oil do wit hh ISBnt deep and easily entered Some ot the bays arc as Jorge as that ot the capital city and there are many existing In eI solitude that ate amply large fir the floating of a fleet All the Important ones are mined and It will be neo nary to remoo i the torpedoes hick the bpanlaids have sown broadcast In the harbor bell Ills I IL Ieoullar fact that nearly every estuary on the north coast i ot Cuba is I marked bj some distinguishing feature of the landscape by which pilots fa mlllar with the Island can enter tiny of them even at night This la I true of tho hills adjacent to Hahli Honda one of which Is I clowned with a martello tow et The port of Cabanas which was recently re-cently shelled by file ships of Sampson squadron 15 miles farther east Is I another an-other easily recognized and 12 miles beyond be-yond that nearer Havana Is I the splendid splen-did harbor of Muriel which Is conspicuous I conspic-uous from Us Pan do Muriel or tablo topped hill Immediately behind It Approaching Havana harbor sailors 7 know when they are getting within long range of the port by the natural hills near It called from their shape Tetas do Managua or tho Maiden nat It Ihe light on Morro Castle Is burning It Can he eon 20 miles AWAY as the tower though only 73 feet high stands on a Llnlt as much higher on which the hUtoilo fortress Is I built It was extinguished at the lint approae 01 this hated Vankeem hut the SpanIards Span-Iards have never been noted for their liberality to Seamen and the wonder 14 I that they have maintained any lights at i all on the coast Tho small harbor of San Antonio Is I nt Urn extreme western ml of the Island land near the Cape of the name name There Is I a lighthouse 107 feet high above It and a spring of fresh water furnishIng furnish-Ing jn adequate supply for a large fleet Tho Interior country there li I a part ot the celebrated PInar del nio province po long held nnd so bravely defended by Moron Ounnnboron jut to file right ot Ira ann offers s6m facilities for landing but the lInt city of Importance Is I Ma I tanzas 41 miles eastward and that got I Its first baptism at American fire when I the guns of Point Itubnlcava and Point Ma a were silenced and thoe of the two castles San Sevcrlno and Penas Atlas just Inside the spacious skull shaped harbor were rendered mute by the guns pf Sampsons wnrshtps The city lies lit the apet o the bay the frontal bone ot the watery caput Pilots Pi-lots Identify this port by Its table top pd hill called the Pan or Loaf ot Matnnzas The City nf the Two nivers as It Is I designated li I a strong fortined seaport sea-port on tho San Juan and Yumurl rlv era these streams I dividing It Into Versailles Ver-sailles Mntnnini and New city It has n castle flue barracks a hospital theater thea-ter and the Inevitable cock pit Among the schools whlch are proportionately moro numerous than anywhere Crisis tn Cuba is I the Hmprcss Academy one of tM best educational establishments In the West Indlea It has long been a favorite resldt nee for Americans The city contains few objects of Interest Inter-est The streets are narrow hut fairly well paved The houses generally one or two stories In height are of ston plastered over and painted In various brilliant shades which combined with the absence of shade trees causes a glare In the bright sunlight especially trying durlllg the hat ot the day On the plaza are the Coal do MInla mlntotho rIIeno ot the governor the cafes And the clubs There are two of tile latter next door to each other the Casino patronized by the Spanish ami the LIon whole membership Is I principally Cuban In the northern suburb sub-urb of Versailles I are the military barracks bar-racks the hospital and tho castle of San Severlno on ancient fort now used as a military prison which Is I at the end of a long duty road called the Alameda Ala-meda lined with a double row of stunted stunt-ed tteen The ground r1ses rapidly oulrnlnntlnlf about two mile bock In the hill ot 77 llonscrrat upon which Is I the church of Our Lady of Monserrat which overlooks over-looks the city the plains In I the direction carl rgl thin of Cardenaa to file eastward and iu the valley of the Vumurl to the westward west-ward Tbe latter la I a celebrated spot In Cuban scenery Inu nt Under the low bills I Just beond the limits of New city I the southern suburb sub-urb tire the famous eaves of Uellamar I tu Bhlch though not of great extent contain con-tain some > fine specimens I at stalactites suit stalagmites Cardenas 103 miles east of Havana with n population J I of 11000 Is regarded or ns the first town that virtually came Into the possession I rtlhI United States forces It li In one of the lineal sugar f producing sections Int West Indies r II While It I Is the headquarters of the mill I tary district Its fortneattons fire from 17 modern standpoint luslgnlflcnnt Its main protection lies In Its shallow waters and n long neck of land stretchIng stretch-Ing northwest from the city It U I connected con-nected by rail with Matonzas and Havana Ha-vana nnd with lucarro to the cast A large proportion of Its normal mercnn tile community are Americans tQ whom the place has mainly owed Its Importance Impor-tance prosperity and growth and for that reason It has been commonly called call-ed the American city A notalje ndornmcnt of the place Is I o bronro statue of Colombo which stands In the Jorge public square To the eastward another 100 miles Is I Hagua la arnnde with a population of 11 600 It Is I situated at the head ot nav luatlon In the river from which It takes Its name It Is I a allay terminus but In I ot minor importance commercially Tho harbor Is I open only to light draft vessels 1 and the services of a good pilot are necessary to enter ItS It-S t along several hundred miles easterly from Sacun Is I a coast so wild thai It has always been the chosen resort of the buccaneer and the filibuster filibus-ter who alan know how to enter i the numeroUs small baS The largest settlement set-tlement that region Is Kuevltas generally gen-erally called Ins Muevltas del Principe which Is I the port of entry for tho Im Patient Interior town ot Puerto PrInCIPe PrInCI-pe 62 miles scuthwest It Is virtually unfortlual and lies at the head ot a bay 15 miles In length by half ns much In breadth the entrance being only three quarters ot a mile In I width It has been particularly noted as the landing place ot OUbuterln expeditions and American sympathizers and Cuban revolutionists rev-olutionists who have gone to Join tho Insurgents The population Is I less 1 than 3000 East of Nuevttas In the province of Santiago are the northern harbors ot Nuevns Grnndes Manatl and Malanu eta lying behind sheltering coral reefs One of the best In that section Is Gl hara with Its three hills known ns the Table the Sugar Loaf and the Saddle The great range of Crystal hills far In the Interior I and the Pan cle Samn servo to Identify by their varying profiles the I pnllanre to more than a dozen bar bors all excellent ports but all surrounded sur-rounded by the wilderness Some of these are Vita Jururu llarlay Naran Jo Same Danes and Nlpe the last named being large enough tn float a navy llcond the coast Is clean and behind the reefs are some magnificent shelters as for example Nan which Is shaped like a horseshoe has an aver ago depth ot nine fathoms and la I COO feet wide at the entrance At last about S2 miles from the east J ur 7 fine I ern extremity ot Cuba there Is I the harbor of Daracon discovered by Columbus Co-lumbus on his first voyage In 1112 Above Oaracoa rises the curious mesa or table mountain called the Yunque visible 40 miles at sea and which has been a landmark for centuries Oidl narlly millions of bananas and cocoanuts nut are shipped team this place The bay Is I Small but deep and well Sheltered It Is the outlet of a vast and fertile region and Is one of the ports which have been uninterruptedly In direct communication with the Insurgents In-surgents since the outbreak of the Cuban Cu-ban rebellion The locality Is I beautiful and the climate ts healthful On the southeastern coast of the Island I Is-land li I Santiago do Cuba or St Jago as Us Inhabitants generally call It for merly the capital and the second city of the Pqarl or the Antilles In size and population It Is I built principally on a hllllde 100 feet above the bay and b perhaps tho most strongly fortified town In the entire island lIemmed In by mountains and with no Sanitary regulations It ties aptly been called the t pesthole ot the western hemisphere for yellow favor Is I Iired here Constantly Like Havana It ham all the other modern mod-ern accessories ot civilized life 1oun ed In 1511 by Diego Velasquez It Is I after Itaracoa the oldest town In Cub The principal buildings are the cattle dral several churches a college a hospital hos-pital and numerous convents and schools Two railways lead from It to the north and west The harbor said to be the most beautiful In the world Is tour mil long well sheltered and deep enough for ship of the greatest draft The boy entrance Is I narrow lllh lowland low-land on tho left and a towering hill ot rock on tho right upon which a Morro Castle la I built The rock Itself Is a part Pl vii of t 7 V M 4 J Z it 4 4 Wit 4 1 ossg X rv A WK sy s ji 3 7 NN X A A NEW STAR IN THE GALAXY OF AMERICAN NAVAL HEROES ot the entleand eVetowhere are lout galleries In which soldiers may move About Tho terraces In the rocksur mount ed by tiers at masonry above give the castle the appearance ot being built In many stories The color effect Is I a light yellow Almost cream except that don by the mea love lhero the water has worn caverns In the rock the color Is I a daik fercen On a low point opposite Is I a small fort and there are other Minor tnrlia cation on every available elevation They are many In number picturesque l antiquated and can supPOrt each other In an engagement but lack the etllctency of modern runs and up to date equipment The bay well mined with torpedoes widens to a considerable sbia as the city Is I approached and the water li deep except nt the wharfs There may bo seen the rib ot An old ship sticking out ot the mud nil that 10 left ot the Sit Print one ot the great ship ot the Spanish armada ot US8 But to years ago she wait almost Intact In-tact after an Itenot 2 I j cenlllries Following the dispersal ot the Armada by torm and shot tM Sl Paul was used as a nrehantman and visited va rloll American ports hut principally Port Royal Jamnl which wa then the greatest Seaport In the western hemisphere Caught In a hurricane In the Wt Indies she put In at SI Jago for repairs but wa po badlY Injured that she never Itt the harbor For some years he wa used its a magazine ship and then finally went 10 pieces Visitors from time to told have rowed out to the t-old hulk and broken ort M 11 rWalilwav 11 11 of = ro U BA HIA HONDA Q Rim j ILI MIZE a 1 2Z 04 Z OF WIN 9 7n W Z A COMMONs 0 N s p C1FNFUEr fS N 41 N Nf I ly 7 A0 ILL pieces ot wood from the ancient ship as memento The city pith Its population of 451100 Is I a curlou mixture ot decay and grandeur gran-deur The antiquity Is generally on the outside and therefore mot apparent On ono ot the principal streets 15 I nn old stone building with former handsome pillars and arches that are now hipped and rumbling and a wide entrance that has been an object of grandeur but Is I nov greasy and In a filthy condition condi-tion and yet It Is the lending clubhouse club-house Inside It li I of sparkling beauty and brilliancy The floors and nails are ot colored marble a large fountain In the center cools the air with showerIng shower-Ing jets ot water shimmering ehantle lIor covered with glass pendants hang from the ceiling and artistic tables of bronze and marble standln the elegant dining room Many residences with shabby exteriors Ore lined with expensive marbles within and are handsomely furnished A majority j th tr jority of the I houses have heavy timbers tim-bers set deep In tho ground to render them as ale as possible In ao ot earthquake for the city has had an occasional oc-casional shake as the unsteady ail paranee of some of tho buildings Indicates Indi-cates Immense sugar plantations are but a few miles from the city It was at Santiago de Cuba In Novem her 1873 that Captain Fry and several ot the crew and passengers of the Vic glnlus were shot to death by order ot the authorities She had been captured by the Spanish steamer Tornado and tho claim was made that she wa carry Ing men supplies unit ammunition to the then fighting Cubans In rebellion To the northwest of Santiago de Cuba 85 miles away Is I Mnnzanlllo with n good harbor and a large trade but no especial means of defense The population popula-tion Is I about 0 000 Trinidad Is I another minor seaport on the pouth shore of the province of Santa Clara I Clenfue n1 oiha ntuo gos also In thd same province Is a city from which freight la I shipped toward < to-ward the center ot the Island and thence on to Havana 11 Is I located on the bay ot Jagua ant possesses a fine harbor which Is capacious and safe and Is defended de-fended by the fort ot Los Angeles The city Is the most beautiful on the Island I Is-land The streets are wide and straight and many at the bouo are surrounded surround-ed by beautiful gardens Hallways connect con-nect It with Cardenas and Bagua la Grande The city founded In 1813 was namel In honor ot the captain general of Cuba It has a large local and export ex-port trade The Isle of Pines Is utterly unlortiOetl There are several large Interior tortl fled towns like Santa Clara Puerto Irlnelpo and San Crltabol but those the long Cuban coast line In the bo bardment while the iinly I nten I to destroy governmnt prOperly bOlld I Inio and residences may b InJUrtd In I came ot dolrmlned rosltnnc 1 and or town would be shelled and tho hOrn nit and houses ot the People shattered e crushed It It should be deemed a nd net es oary And what are theo homes houses nt HnaM The are typical ot thus throughout the Island though there some wooden dwellings and other or especially In the Interior like OUr mOd orn villas They are olldly bUilt tone with very thick Iqlls Often 01 pnlnted within and lllhout In she colors poIally blue green or yello y and sometimes In All three They a Are either ot one story and rooted Oh tile or two started with a root oC sub tantlal maonr Frequently they fire surmounted hI minuter lookout which affords nt at A name time a magnificent Ntetv and cool and agreeable retreat after oa A The doors almost alwas double sunset dlroctly into the parlor or Into I a lots Otto gateway guarded by n Janitor anti lend Ing Into a courlydid mhneo n old staircase leads to file nlartnl above All the room 0 opn upon 16 courtyard trod veranda which surround nor its Lnnnf p SOUTIIWIQK |