Show I i My i at se 9 r 1 J j 6 hi y CAPTAI GEO G F FRIED E I I 1 I I I i I Storms at sea ea have made Fried a hero but he accepts them as philI phil phil- as he accepts crew troubles trou trou- bles bies eccentric passengers and other complications in the job of a ships ship's skipper He believes there is noth- noth to confirm the layman's idea that storms come in cycles at sea but points out that some years appear ap ap- pear to be worse than others Casualties Casualties Cas Cas- are very few he says considering considering con con- t the conditio seamen face Copyright ht 1929 Associated Press CHAPTER VIII Some consider an ocean vo voyage age pr pretty tty much of a failure unless unless un- un less the vessel passes through a storm Some of them have haYe never been through a storm and are anxIous Ious bus for the experience Others tIe tIe- sire she to have the storm last from about three minutes to several hours while T J know mow of others who absolutely fear an upheaval ot of the sea To the sailor there S seems ems to be e ejust just one storm torm after aftEl another There are times when the AJ Aprica rica and other ships which I ed made the crossing without a roll 1011 or pitch and then a again aln there are times when the vessels encounter a succession of gales It seems to the layman that the storms ravaging shipping and amI sweeping the Atlantic tic come in cy- cy des Ies but th there re is no evIdence to confirm con con- firm that idea We Ve have hava very cold winters as as' as aswell well as protracted periods pe- pe nods of heat during the summer and there thee Is no regularity to the these e unusual unusual un- un usual seasons So it is not reasonable rca rea- to believe that the storms o of the Atlantic come In c cycles cles This year yeu It seems We are experiencing experiencing a very severe secre winter at sea There already have been several a number of vessels have limped into port partly disabled l The te are constantly re- re to the frigid temperatures in EuroPe in regions that are accustomed accustomed tomed to warm at this seaon season sea sea- son on of the year On the other hand New ew Yorks York's winter has been corn com mild with virtually no snow while Chicago and the middie middie mid mid- die west have haya endured extremely low temperatures The sea sen is no different CoverIng Cover Cover- lug Ing a. a tremendous area area it has Its temperate and frigid calm and rough zones The winds have haye a great time pla playing ing across the vast ast expanse of water sweeping with terrific ter- ter rifle force in the winter time tinte from the north pole to the south pole and no breakers rs to interfere rust eastward eastward east east- ward of the Grand GIand Banks nank the w winds become vIolEnt driving the seas seaR be- be fore them In mountainous numbers This is thE area to by the tho sailor as The aS Forties The I next time you vou hear that expression you will k know ow that it refers to the region legion of the Atlantic that marl s the center of Davy Jones Jones' locker rather than the white light district along Broadway The wInter of 26 1023 was severe ere on the North AtlantIc and January of that season was one of the worst i It was during this month that the foundered as well as numerous nu- nu nerous other smaller ships Several Sev- Sev eral transatlantic vessels reported passing through four to five distinct storms On their vo voyage age Prior to this time sailors experienced a rough winter in 1911 1 Thirteen years ears elapsed between these severe seaSons seasons sea sea- sons whereas there is a repetition this year ear of only three winters ago During the winter months of forceful winds there is not so much fog menacing navigation However How How- ever there is plenty of rain snow and hail squalls squaBs which the sailor usually places in same category as fog A heavy snowfall is as bad if not worse than a dense fog With ith this type of weather the skies are invariably overcast preventing ob- ob Periods Period of these greatest greatest great great- est togs fogs on the North Atlantic are are during the months o 0 November and April It is impossible to select any anytime anytime time of the year ear to make a Yo voyage age without storm or fog fog- but the summer sum sum- nier mer months are prett good gamble gam- gam ble although they too can stage a good show for the I have often read accounts in the newspapers telling o of waves at sea from hS 75 to feet in height You will find that such statements are credited to passengers and never to the master of the vessel essel for eer every seaman knows that the highest comb combers rs are the the called so-called cumulative tive waves that have ha at times been reported as high as five twenty feet While a passenger liner JIner is going goin through heavy seas a a. passenger gets get a distorted idea o of the height due to th the fact that the ship is rolling As the tle side of the ship dips slowly tl the e passenger looks straight up the side of ora a wave at an angle that gives him the impression the top is some feet above the deck line If this wave then strikes the ship and perhaps damages a L lifeboat on the boat deck the passenger is convInced con con- vInced that if this deck is sixt sixty feet from the water line for exam exam- pie that the wave must be that height or higher highe As a a. matter of fact the vessel rolled to an angle it possible for the comber to It with terrific force and cause the damage S During the actual rescues of the crews creTS of the and Flori Florida a athe the weather conditions were re- re Versed When hen nw my vessel essel reached the side of the British freighter there were heavy seas running but after several da days s had moderated to the point where the transfer was made with ease In the case of the Florida the set sea was fairly mo erate er- er ate when Chief Of Officer Harry Mannin Man lan nin started out wIth his bo boat t crew Slowly and almost without warning a hail quan struck u us and the wind wa was whipped to gale force malting making the return from the Florida to the America extremely hazardous Considering the extreme conditions condi- condi we are frequently obliged to face the number of marine casual casual- tl tie are very velT small due to the care and efficient handling of these hu huge e s in seas Rescue P. 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