| Show Europe No More Remote Than United States r SOUTH AMERICA IS ALMOST AS CLOSE CLOSEt t SR TO EUROPEAN PORTS AS TO NEW YORK 4 Y By Air 3 days 15 lire NEW JEW YORK I miles s c t By Air 4 days fr LONDON I miles I IC II H A 1 I C By Air 1 days HAMBURG miles I 1 By Air Ai 4 days dy I i L NAPLES I I- I Miles This map-chart map illustrates illustrates' an often-forgotten often point that point that geographically a large part of South America is as far from the United States as it is from front Europe That fact plays a big part in any discussion of an America all-America defense system America Looking South May See Drear Dream Realized Editors Editor's note The note The Pan-American Pan confer conference ce opening g day after tomorrow tomorrow tomorrow tomor tomor- row at Lima Peru will highlight attempts to keep the Americas safe for forthe forthe forthe the Americans Some authorities hold that such attempts have been made especially important by the peace of Munich and the apparent nazi In Intention Intention Intention In- In to seek new zones of influence in the new world as well as the old is the first of three articles explaining why the United States Ismore Ismore is ismore more interested in American all solidarity than ever By MORGAN 1 M. M BEATTY Associated Press Writer It is in our power shouted the speaker of the house of representatives representatives representatives rep rep- to Uto create a system of which the United States will willbe willbe be he the center and in which all South America will act with us We would become the place or of of deposit of or the commerce of the world We should become the rallying point of human wisdom wisdom wisdom wis wis- dom against all the despotism of the he old world The speaker was no model 1938 statesman crying out an alarm against nazism and totalitarianism He was the American patriot Henry lenry Clay better known a century century cen- cen tury ury ago as the man who sought to free the slaves without bringing on ona ona ona a civil war Apostle of Americanism But Henry Clay was also the first apostle in the United States of the Americas for Americans When he urged pan-Americanism pan in congress congress congress con con- gress on May 10 1820 he hoped to build mild an American family of nations nations nations na na- na- na so powerful that no outside force could ever break its hold on the he western hemisphere Clay did not live to see his dream of pan-America pan come true Even yet South American ties with the old world are strong But you and andI I are about to view the struggle of the he century for American soli soIl darity In Lima Peru day after tomorrow tomorrow tomorrow tomor tomor- row a congress of Americans convenes convenes convenes con con- venes from all parts of this hemi- hemi sphere phere The delegates represent 21 nations with a total population of more than Outlined for forthe forthe the he congress is the task of or dramatizing dramatizing drama- drama izing present-day present American community community community com com- spirit Progress to Be Seen How far the delegates advance the Jie principle of pan-Americanism pan remains to be seen but the history of their heritage ranges through more than a full century Henry Clay was by no means the first to visualize a family of American American Ameri Amen can nations About the end of the century the Venezuelan patriot patriot patriot pa pa- triot Francisco de Miranda suggested suggested sug sug- a a. United States of Spanish- Spanish Amer America ca A As early as 1806 Simon Bolivar libera liberator or of a large part pant of South America prophesied American American Ameri Amen can union against the rest of the world Smarting under Spanish exile exiled ex- ex lIed led in the West Indies Bolivar fervently wrote God grant that some day we may install an august congress of American nations to treat with the nations of the other three- three quarters of the world Monroes Monroe's Warning And most important of all our President James Monroe had the year ear before warned European nations nations na- na ions of off American preserves so vigor vigorously that his pronouncement lives ives today as the cornerstone of United States foreign policy the policy the Monroe doctrine At length some 50 years ago there appeared the permanent organization tion of a pan-American pan union But still even today that organization represents more of or hope for pan- pan American solidarity than it does of past achievement In those formative years so absorbed absorbed absorbed ab ab- ab- ab were we in the winning of the he west that we left South America to o Europeans and In 1897 for instance we shipped to Latin America little more than tenth one-tenth of the worth of goods it bought in the world market Genius Yields Dividend But American genius for empire building was yielding dividends be below below below be- be low the Rio Grande William Wheelwright Wheelwright Wheelwright Wheel Wheel- wright pioneered steam navigation and railroads Henry Meiggs blasted blasted blast blast- ed ro roadbeds for rails through the Andes These were vere followed by the Guggenheim copper developments in Chile and other enterprises Al Al' Al lt ih th these se American pioneers pio plo aW the Texas border 0 ff wenta went a hO horde tle of American adventurers and promoters who left a different trail Quick profits their sole objective objective objective ob ob- ob- ob fraud and bribes their bait they neither understood the more leisurely and formal Latin nor re respected respected respected re- re him They clouded the dream of an American family and sowed the seeds of discord that led eventually to The American Illusion an impressive impressive impressive im im- im- im literary jab from Brazil by Eduard Prado He accused Uncle Sam of Insincerity and urged his fellow to strike out alone independent of the colossus of the north Threat Stirred Hatred Likewise Theodore Roosevelt's threat to use our navy and marines to keep the peace below the Rio Grande went a long way to stimulate stimulate stimulate late hatred The Monroe doctrine long was a smarting point too too too- South Americans feeling that it set us up as a sort of headmaster Sensing our errors Secretary of State Elihu Root attended the 1906 pan-American pan conference in Rio de deJaneiro deJaneiro deJaneiro Janeiro and did what he could to give a better impression of Uncle Sam And later in Santiago Chile he foresaw a new era The light lit by Henry Clay was beginning to shine although the World war was to afford the first full warm glow of American solidarity solidarity soli soil darity some 10 years later Tomorrow Nazi in South America |
