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Show UNCLE SAM InT IB ! THE SEAS ! Serves Notice On Great i i j Britain That the American Amer-ican Governrhent Cannot Can-not Submit to the Curtailment Cur-tailment of Its Neutral Rights by So-called Blockade of the Allies, CALLS ATTENTION TO LAW OF NATIONS Insists That the Relations Rela-tions Between the United Unit-ed States and Great Britain Be Not Governed Gov-erned by Expediency but by Established Rules. WASHINGTON, Nov. 7. The United! States, in its latest note to Great Britain, made public here today, covering cover-ing exhaustively British interference with American trade since the beiinning of the European war, declares that ihe' so-called blockade instituted by the allies al-lies against enemy countries on March, 11 is "ineffective, illegal and indefensi-i ble. " Notice is served that the Ameri-, can government " cannot submit to the curtailment of its neutral rights,'' and it cannot "with complacence suffer further1 subordination of its rights aud inter-, ests. " Embassador Page, to whom the note was sent by special messenger for delivery deliv-ery to the London foreign office, was in-: s true ted by Secretary Lansing to "impress "im-press most earnestly " upon the British government that tho United States . "must insist that the relatious between it and his majesty's government be governed gov-erned not by a policy of expediency, but by those established rules of interna-, tional conduct to which Great Britain in the past has held the United States to account when the latter nation was a1 belligerent engaged in a struggle for national existence." ; Assumes the Task. i Declaring that the United States "unhesitatingly "un-hesitatingly assumes" the task of championing cham-pioning the integrity of neutral rights the note proclaims that the American government will devote its energies to the task, exercising always an impartial attitude. The note, nearly 15,000 words in length, was made public by agreement between the state department and tho British foreign office. It carries with it a voluminous appendix, giving the text of American naval instructions issued is-sued in 18G2, and a summary and table showing hundreds of vessels detained by British authorities since the beginning of the present war. ; Tho body of the note is divided into thirty-five points, dealing with all phases of the contraband question, seizures and detentions, prior to, as well as after, the so-called blockade was instituted, and announces that a separate communication communica-tion will be sent soon dealing particu- j larly with the "propriety and right of the British government to include in their list of contraband of war rertnin articles which have been so included." ' Without Justification. ; In conclusion, after an argument on the law and facts. Secretary Lansing says: I I believe it has been conclusively shown that the methods soueht to be employer! by Great Hritain to obtain ob-tain and use evidence of enemy destination des-tination of cargoes bound for neutral neu-tral ports and to 1 m pose a co n t iu-band iu-band character upon such cargoes are without justification ; that the blackatle. upon which such methods fl re partly founded, is in effective, 11-lecal 11-lecal and indefensible; that the judicial judi-cial procedure offered as a means of reparation for an international injury Is inherently defective for the purpose; pur-pose; and that in many cases jurisdiction juris-diction is asserted in violation of the law of nations. The I'nited States, therefore, cannot submit to the curtailment cur-tailment of its neutral rights by these (Continued on Faze FiveJ i fED STATES IDS RIGHT JiTlE : Sole to Great Britain :i Attention to Nu-Us Nu-Us Violations of Law of Nations. s VV AJtlllltf.1l ! - rVtVrv' m - . ., j u- iu'".e. " - ' , eiienv.H of vlifit ij 1? WiV.oa'UJo on t'"r ;r V.,.. S'Htf in:; fit not V-on to owe to tswni if i ...I t ... ii!!tri"ts " " 'V "If .i ;l cannot w H .1 . ,-tiul mtf rost.- to . : W f.pMo:-A io- ' of i:" f Of , Side of United States. t of t' f l'nl:f J "Vv ;o!i hi n-av.-tv s ... -'..it :l nvt i.-'at . VyMO :i iJ f11 n-tn-! ." "t f sTvert;ed. not '. ; .; 'tv;"e'rtvi'.f:u--. but bv . s-?j r;-s or liuerr,-. liuerr,-. '.' which OrM! - Jw b' I -c ireoim: i ;r be.hse-.ent en- ' --'".ror t.- r.-vs-: Im- -V rN on'v of V-e i s i o' th f'-J'.ure I' it . -V, !-:e-st!orj; r:i-.t -v r'-rvslr?. I - sa. .c'Vt- of ?y.z.i 1 ; uVf cincc..-: of i,- j ot:: of te b:Uc-ea't b:Uc-ea't .-o-r'-'t wuch is 1 - .;.yirtr of Furor-r. -; i; ccorc!,,,9",ftt of '- delete it? e-?-'-. t-to f?-v"-se ir. It.- re!- r; in Vain. i z?: of :v. -.t'?n ;ov- ; -:" JiT-ATT 7. rfr!T.:ri- I .'. j - y ."1 t'. :S'.ist ; i .":''-::?a or' te H:"t'. e1.- ! a ! of w:-.:jh rfte to A-rerxx'.i roTrrf r-. 1 ; .i:?s sa' s hi oi:? t' at : : a"""'"1'"" r!-po? o 1 " "-I : :? ' t ".:r ." ' c"'t i r- (T.-p: '5?: ors'.-'A'lon "'"i's of re'j'rj?, ari of i'ist po?s.? arro'ir.t in- i j -tcs erar? 1 in Ifg'tl- j i3-ld m pra--T?r not v:n- l- .. a mtr rcrT. i "t-j: t.-.:s hore is not i t"3t. on th trarv, . AfT:T".'an j'.i:r ar! , li p3 fal:h to rfitril : .STfJ.- i-it!d to pr.i j ' ir:a5'r.r'T vxat1rv:s, I : '..vi; rjron a.-1 At:i- j -nr.! '.o ccpiiln to 'Vs eov- 1 fi..re to ak s". o ! !' ' i: 3.-cj of !!ia,:nt 7-o-er j ----M of :--ir j-ifft ncna. As 1 tr-fT-i of pro- f-? di- cr:7S !s5-:?3 by t. Bnt--r-r-. a- e.f ru'erf bv P-it1"1. ''. arous a rea50rIi ap-; ap-; :f rt Tfs;s"M. i.iav n.a an tren ven rror (r.-'? (r.-'? A-r,-:ar L-t(-s thl?" pov-:.t"j pov-:.t"j the attention of hia j to the foii-irr ' Mide by Lansing. '-:'fr r; Tiered raraxruhi i:e bv t-e CnitM Sa. ' '-::r.- s pr.rntM ry rat v pre--,- in m-.ra? n.hp :. -"- n Airinran traie : '-iiT ir.'o account In- j . I"; - r'a" or to Tiak? a.n-,' -.-r r? r.T,:nTjrion in t I J whi-vi the neutral I - -n -oe previoijeiv ha4 I V-?-or? ar -xar." 0" ireat Britain hav- "irmiy base. r-n proofs i.V ue of Miz-jre. b';t -.-.aT? ren deta:r.M ? M;e ;v,r evidence.' T-. a one of ' '.-Afr.ro. to 1 -L.hi of in rrar:y ses a. i . .' n" of enemy .ji j r.a-ion, ; -i.:y of enemy ortzin of tha ""'I is directed with re--(" 0f ne'ifr;il v-BPei9 at .,t "--"tiOM lffe-jel to th.e '"d . 0? r'! t'nitfl -i -;Iir' Bn5n. Russia, Japan. -ny and Frunze from vi -"-V715 tr,li Prernt Va- f. the government of -- co':nr-;es.' - : in Port. :;janirarjon of the ooinion Ti-;; erirent text wrlfrjr on -t ,:,:!ions f--owi -that thv :;,, ro consideration o , -nof Majh ln port out- ' :;rr-'1.,"n ,n course . . -; -ne awertlon of Great ( ZJ Position of the X MUM M.,,,. 1,, hl.uri,U mv ii.i. i i.rtt lltl1 rt inlSi,n. 'M'tit'n ( .Mi.-rui ,.rtr.'ii r ti.A lH f 01hJVIv Ih,.( Ihol Wflf MO MIStullOfN Wtli'll . Wni-A oixu.nln ,., t fr -rtt.-i, pru.f to lii.Himniim ru. .vim i im o.-.-r-.liriK." Aivi thrtt N ,i lux itm.lo upon oil.er Kun.t ,mn '(.l,m,Y lown.l on (he Mp Hti.l,., u,vipKluioti .in. I noi in-on -i,t ui.taii. .-, (.-.-ultin,-4 f! . p ,rtl Mll- " U i lr, oopv oi (lie inslni,! ln InihiI , AjutMu.ui naval om.vr im Ausut IS, i In uusvr to tho HiHIMi oohLmi-Hon oohLmi-Hon il:,ti rt'inlnioim rrlat1nB lo tlio i ft an.1 uwor!iiiiic ,m' motltM n oi-t-l.t lullfv tMliiOn; Vfr-.'lrt into port, theto i- ,-u,i i ; n-iuu't of a oi rmu.i smin naial t-xpi-rm ma.ie. in vthn-li it i- .U-lair.l that U is nm iic.'sfi,,rv i, ri'mie 'V ci v pa.-k.te of ,!.-., .-.iiV' t. rstn. lUh tlic i'!ii4,-i,.p him nature of hr tia.le. thai (li r uMliu.ii tor tuvtnlnii; !Ui 1npri Hon of lun.lfrn .-hips are, In r-t. fiiYJiir than in former tln!t(, rt l at it pciMiMi .-.'ups jo i,0 taUtMi fio bciliur-ir-nts t-om-c-'iir.t hi thjtl U woul,! relfM- a h.'llim.rni c.-cl o (rlianlui.s ire nrtitial fiom it(tin' ot ,iirtu-:i an-t s-M ft ei i,M t un lit r tvi: ii;ci -nt t','i -t tu-ns Procedure in Tri.e Courts. : s aivi '.i riu-s points ,i,.;ii wxu pu' pro. iM;:i in p; i-,- nnnu " 1,1 v of v IlU-Ii I inuil Staws oomplAins is 1 to ji' ibjfi-i It ,-uloi to i'l;! of to.sj.. rtn evprll.sp so t't'tit ai'..1 m '.'uiU-n-nr- mi u praf-tivar. praf-tivar. ilt-mio. imnh .f tto rxport tiH i of tho l'nltt.1 '-'tttr to iicimiiI voantru- im f.mope ' 10. i! I he-i aif'n- th ipifstiun of l ie bMiden of proof h to ti e non-.omiah.-,!Kt n.-t('.ir oi' ;oi t-o!hMi:iit-d to ori& tii,. i ' nu iM '.atf .lu.nni; j t-ai nonp of t oa-s oite.l bv v;lt-.t j Vr! am pro rtx 1 1 ut i t n bur. in i ,.f I puvt .an nu1!!!) i-r ni.i.ir to n-.-t upon of i-.emra! foimtr:-i a.Uolnmg ("Irrat Hrita'n - frtv-nif- A:ino! i0 rt-;u-I s! A.t Uyins n a or lrSlll rule ef fi.lciuf ' tht v omiiHslit u s ilfMU'oci for rt-rpo! tation to i!: belief .j-'i . S;i,-', a : u . it i Hi'. K il of't'? tiv mt o( po' t'.i::lt for rtfuse b- the hflhufve mul i.h un-poM un-poM " to those l un.Unu-ut t! p- mi. i -Ps of u?iiof w. .) a- tlie oun-tia'.ion oun-tia'.ion oi t;-. r.;i :p:- m.-m of the I miri S'ate? nr.! ; -om l lintaifi." British Admissions. 15 -Attet-t! ..vi !- :m - " 1 to t'.f fa.-t l. At ".Jrel Uri'.t i n rt In iit t! t hr f;-t :o Tffi'irti .vi'.ii.lr.r.-. !.ao .(:.o r-.t'ov.-il'v inor"ao) ;: c t ie --5.n; r b-.-ir! " ;-, t i:-;'.c.t " ; 3 t.1? p.o;e. .v.,,rM J !n creaurq 4 , or t tt o:. u hi h In rrh-W i:poi; as .t m.'Vs e n t to J'i:i:v 1 t-;e t!-terv.-ept.o:i of A'i T'h ,o ,i !-::r.i to l-e-t-! Kirop.Mi- lr-m. If Hn::sh f"vor' to t'-5-- ".'r-H ! iou'.J M P f-.rter ir.-r a' -l 'it is V;..'..s t't. -ivif, Hi,. r!; 0 ,- l- rov eri'.Tie:! t . t :e p- i, u of er: - er !-s:i'ition ooti:.j t ,tr( r. a er-atr- r ;mh.r of rv.-: .m :i c ec. j "d Are:! an trirfr- o.:.i ..ir;- to i b .e tnv-r-a-''. . r i Kr::.it? .-Hnr-.v I O t ! ; I i J h - t o : h '. ; to, I e-j-i j. ,;. or t,-, prn-u ; the -.t.: of i: ; to he ? e - o ' - p i : M " U - i - i' r' - -e r,. i-.-. 1 t--al ,-r.r-.- ;. .taw. f- t-a.-e t1-. -vu.n-j !rr r r1 r- e-i.v; rn r 1 i R-T-a' f-r.-.-K of a T-i'rM co-mtv. ! a"i ln'unr- an i'-;.; n.! rmm- triM av "rrpt . 1 K-M--t j j p-')'J f"- If -i.-.p.-f5 T-t ThA -. I I !0: ':pp'v f .--vl! Mi t' i pttv- or rr'a- r S-n o".i o ti j "-nv. Tr.at is i n'-a'tr t hi. r i t;' neutral ven.hr r --"n -m e n-1 j i o tra.1. j..-irvfr, if c--ots I1r.l a .Op !'::n- a' -r r- ,M .vl ar-- i c!e-?in?-1 to an e-r tiv .-O'jn-rv ihr--"ie. . a r.e-r.rit -o.j-itrv. ";r-a; '-.-t is -.-r j In f-- f iftc-.ent to j-jtfv th-ir i-iMr." Conjectural Su$picion. the I'mrM ae. h-u;..i : i.at tt h r ot'r -o ;r? H':f "t'i rnn'si - i-;rn9 cf ve5"Ls at j"n r.-ri- jcura.; s j - p.-ion : pq. t''-', of bnrf:r; th"n irfi p-v, ',- t i p i: -i p-"11. by n'ir'i or oir':. cf "v-tair.ir.ir "v-tair.ir.ir e-lr!rre" af! a 1 that (. lr'.T? upon th" rcc? nl of t F -; '. i h cr-rr.rr.fn fi.r th prir.'?!fs of J-:s-tlTe so fr--j- errlj' and ur,f'-rni!v n;.u ;-I ;-I fs-pr;. t To Ih pr-5'-:-1 war, h:s ' fo ernrr.-rt .iTlrTri'5 1: Tv" -: ;h ;""er-.H 1!''- tnBtr-ft th:r o'---5 -i-r '- : ji f-om t r. r ea :o';s anl :! iT'ti p t is. ' 1; rtr."-T!r!S rirth-j'r' r aTTin to r'rp o-rsi'!"l T I'-"-'-r--iirs in,-rr'1 in,-rr'1 b' b '"iMt in rmjn. il of ?.Ur'h 11." t h Mrlt ish rote f'f Ju!v 21. '?t. ip r!.1 To rnntiriM t iti-tn".on iti-tn".on "to o r p h ' ; e n n b ' o 'k if I e . " ' A f .r ovr six rr-nnth! wppli'-Rtlon of t'e h'oka.le or'!-r. t h r.ot m v-. "th-"' epnn' cf Annrl'an f'zn ha ronvm' ed the Eormrrpt nf the X "r ; TerJ P;aTci that ;r-nt Pri'ain has bn Mn-'i-f-sfjl In ber pffort. to di-;r.eu:-h bt"e. n enemy and neutral neu-tral traf," IT The prattle- of ri'Arr.ti a con- 1 lienor to prove thai hn sbi prr nts are mt bo-;r:d to an ene-ny of r;rat Brit- , ain, even' wrn artlf ar on th e-r.rvi:eo of tho t,;nrhi ffiuntr to nh tnv a-1 deftlnd, in rharn'"-trlTod rharn'"-trlTod "hara s:n' to .neutral traiJerr." Blockade Ineffective. It Vbtle tbp T'ni'-fl Slats povrn-rnnt povrn-rnnt "v.as at flrt i ip 1 pd to view with leniency the Rrltlsh m'-asijr"K whth wre t r mod in the rorrespon-denre, rorrespon-denre, but not in the orrKr In council coun-cil of March 5 1. 'a blftf. kade' beane of tlie avmran'"'" of the Priti.sh ?ov-ernrnnt ?ov-ernrnnt that iri'-onvenien'',e to neutral trade would b" mlninilTied by the dia-orotiOTi dia-orotiOTi left to th -oun In th bp-plication bp-plication of tb ordr ii council and by the tnf rut inn wiijch It whf nid j would be i".ijd to the Administrative and other authorifieH havlnc to do ' wlrli thf x-'-utlon of the wj-rallM 'blockad':' mc-nsurfc, this iroverninent i now forced to the rvalltAtlo-n that Tt -ie,uttoTin. whi'-h were fullv- net fort n In 1 1 a note nf Muroh were ba-i-d op a mlvonrepin of the intentions in-tentions n the Hrttlfii government. I j rtm to a-.olrl ' ontroversv. und in th- ep-etatinn that the ad ml r liMtra ti'ni of the nrder In rmmcl! would r"n-fnrm r"n-fnrm to the eetabMshed rules of ln-t-rnail"nal law. thl nvrn merit baa until nv renrv-d the rjuentton of the actual validity of tiin ord-r ln council of March 11, In an fr t? If Is ronsM-frei ronsM-frei bv the irovernment of rjreat Britain Brit-ain to "establish bWKk-Tle witinn the inenlr-7 nf tbm I'-im as imderrood in the !nw and pnictloes of natlonf; but in th rlrciirnsTan'es now deve',-rpel deve',-rpel (t fee'p It can no tnntrer permit tie validity nf tin; h iif;t-'.:d blockafle to remain unehu MenKed." Declaration of Paris. IT Pointing out that In aceord-anre aceord-anre with tlie -! daration of Paris in lHF.fl the effe'-TiveneRS of a blockade block-ade la "manifestly a queetlon of fact." the l-'nlted States .says It la "common knowledce that the German coast f are open to trade with the Hcandlnavian countries." The rerent placlnar of rotfnn on the Hrltiph list of contraband contra-band t snoken of ns making It appear ap-pear "t liHt tiie Hrttlah government tliemselves bn vr been forced to the conclusion that the blockade is ineffective inef-fective to prevent shipments of cotton cot-ton from roachinc their enemies or else that they are doubtful as to the legality of the form of blockade which they have nought to maintain." 20 Decisions are cited to show that II In an essential principle, universally univer-sally accepted, that a blockade must apply impartially to the Bhlps of all nations, and it 1b added that "If belligerents bellig-erents themselves trade with block -aded ports' the principle In the past has been that they cannot be regarded regard-ed hb effectively blockaded. Theea decisions, are referred to, "since It is a matter of common knowledge that Great Britain exports and re-exports lareo nuantltleB of merchandlao to Norwa v. Sweden. Den ma rk and Holla Hol-la nd , w hose 1 ort 8, ho far as American Amer-ican commerce ls concerned, alio re-PKrds re-PKrds as blockaded.'' Neutral Ports Free. 2 -Tiie principles of the laws of nations which forbid the blockade of neutral porta In time of. war. embodied em-bodied in that part of the declaration of London adopted by Great Britain us to the blockade, are discussed, and sfcveraJ decisions of the British prize courts prior to the present war, as v el! us the Matamoras cases In tlie American Civil war, recalled to support sup-port the contention of the United States. 22 Measured by the three universally-conceded tests, the present British Brit-ish measures ca nnot be regarded as constituting a blockade ln law, in practice or In effect." '1?.--l-Virmal notice is given that the "blockade" which Great Britain "claims to have instituted under the order-In -council of March 1 1, cannot be recognized as a legal blockade by the United Slater,." 24 Tlie British view of the famous Springbok oae before tlie outbreak of the preRe.pt war In cited lo support sup-port the A pvi hvn contentions. :.) lo "(". in. 1 in.! ve These deal exhaustively ex-haustively H h i be modes of judicial re-lresp for cltWeps of neulral countries, coun-tries, a I'd r-:i-li cerl a in enei a I conclusions. con-clusions. "The Rovei mncnt of tlie LuiLcd States," tlia uuU sttis, "lias viewed with surprise and concern t ho at tempt of his ma lent y 's govern n ic n t to confer upon the Ilritisii prize courts Jurisdiction by this Illegal exep-ise of force in order that thes-- courts mav apply to vessels and cargoes of neutral neu-tral nat ionallt les, seize. 1 on t lie high seas, municipal laws and ciders which can onlv rightly b enforceable within the territorial waters nf Ci-eat Britain or airalnst vessels of British nationaMtv when on the high scat. The I 'nitcd States government govern-ment fe-ds that it cannot reasonablv be expected to advi.se Its citizens 10 reek redress before tribunals which are in its opinion unauthorized by the unrestricted application nf international inter-national law lo grant reparation, nor to refrain from preyentlng their claims directly to the British government govern-ment through diplomatic channels." Secretary Tensing, moreover, denies in this connection that the charges such as pilotage, wharfage, unloading ensi a. etc. against a detained vessel must be paid bv the claimants, and adds that the United Siaies is "loath to believe that such ungenerous treatment will con Unite to be accorded American citizens." Any waivers of indemnity exacted from American Amer-ican citizens "under such conditions of duress." It Is declared, cannot preclude them from subsequently obtaining re-drcfc'8 re-drcfc'8 through diplomatic channels. I |