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Show TRAINING IN HE AHMYJNO UVT Efficiency of Man Behind the fin n ('(Mints Very Largely. NAVY NEEDS NO ADDITION TO NUMBER OF UNITS But Modem Warships Should Be Substituted for Inelli-cient Inelli-cient Types. In political campaigns in a country as large and populous as ours It is Inevitable Inevit-able lhat there should he much expense of an entirely legitimes kind. This, of COUrse, means that many contributions, and some of them of large sire, must be made, and as a matter of fact. In any big political contest such contributions are always made to both sides It Is entirely proper ixith to give and receive them, unless (here Is an improper motive connected with either gift or reception. If they are extorted by any kind of pressure pres-sure or promise, express or Implied, direct di-rect or Indirect, In the way of favor or Immunity; then the giving or receiving beconvs not only Improper but criminal It will undoubted!) b. difficult as a matter of practical detail to shape an act which shall guard with reasonable certainty against such misconduct; but If j If Is possible to secure bv law the full and cerlfled publication in detail of all the sums contributed to and expended by the candidates or committees of any political parties the result can not but be wholesome. Use of Stockholders' Money. All conti ibullons by corporations lo any political committee or for any political purpose Should be forbidden by law, dl-i..t..r dl-i..t..r should not In perrnllted t.. us. stockholders' money for such purposes; and, moreover, a prohibition of this kind would be, hv fnr iis it went, an effective method of stopping the evils aimed at In Corrupt practices acts. Not only should both the National and the several State legislatures forbid any officer of a corporation from using the money of the corporation In or about any election, but thi ) should also forbid such use of money in connection with any legislation save by the empioMiient of counsel in public manner for distinctly legal services. The first conference of nations held at Tie Hague in lJ. being unable to dispose dis-pose of all the business before It, rccom-mendsd rccom-mendsd the consideration and settlement of a number Of Important qustlons by another conference to be called subse-quently subse-quently and at an early dat-- These questions were the following: (1) The rights and duties of neutrals; fit ihe limitation limi-tation of the armed for.es on land and ,. mllllnri' t . . . ,1 . ' s ' ." Ihn ..o I of new types and calibers of military and naval guns, l the Inviolability of private property at sea In times of war; ".i the bombardment of ports, cities, and villages vil-lages by naval forces. In October, 190-i, at the Instance of the Interparliamentary In-terparliamentary union, which, at a con-f. con-f. n nee h ld in the United States and attended at-tended by the lawmakers of fifteen different, dif-ferent, nations, had reiterated the demand for a second conference of nations, I Issued Is-sued Invitations to all the powers signatory signa-tory to The Hague convention to send delegates to such a conference anil suggested sug-gested that it be agair, held at The Hague. In Its note of December 16, 1904. the Cnlted States Government communicated communi-cated to the representatives of foreign governments its belief that the conference confer-ence could be best arranged under the provisions of the present Hague treaty. Powers Ail Accepted. From nil the powers acceptance was received, re-ceived, coupled In some cases with the condition that we should wnlt until the end of the war then waging U-twecn Russia Rus-sia ami Japan. The Emperor of Russia. Immediately after the treaty of peace Which so happily terminated this war. In a note presented to the President on September Sep-tember 13, through Embassador Rosen, took the Initiative In recommending that the conference be now' called. The 1'nl' d States Government In response expressed Its cordial acquiescence nnd stated that It would, as a matter of course, take part In the new conference and endeavor to further its aims. We assume that all civilized governments win support the movement, and that the conference Is now an assured fact. This Government will do everything in Its power to se(-v.rr the success of the conference to the end tb.it snl -Initial progress may be made in the cause of International peace. Justice Jus-tice and good will. Atuiude Toward Peace. This renders It proper at this time to say something us to the gem-ial attitude fit this 1 ..iVi'i MiTi.rtf I., u i . .'.I .... -i i b l . . ... I and more war Is coining to be looked upon up-on as ih Itself a lamentable and evil thing. A wanton or useless war, or a war of mere aggression in short; any war begun or carried on In a conscienceless conscience-less spirit, is tO be condemned as a peculiarly pecu-liarly atrocious crime against all humanity. hu-manity. S can, however, do nothing of permument value for peace unless we k' . p eT clearly in mind the ethical element ele-ment which lies at the root of th problem. prob-lem. Our aim is righteousness, peace is normally ihe handmaiden of rlghteous- ne -.-; hut when peace und llghleoii.siit ss conlllct then a great and upiignt people can never for a moment hesitate to follow the path winch leads toward righteousness, even though that path ali-o i;ads to war- Pollow False Analogy. There, arc persons who advocate peaco at any price, tnere are others who, following fol-lowing a false analogy, think that be-causo be-causo It is no longer necessary In civilized civil-ized countries for Individuals to protect their rights with a strong hand, it la therefore unnecessary for nations to b ready to defend th. Ir rights These p. , -sons would do Irreparable harm to any I nutlon that adopted their principles, and even as It Is they setmusly hamper the cause which they advocate by tending to render It ubsurd in the eyes of sensible and patriotic men. There . ,tii be no worse foe of mankind In general, and of his own country in particular, than the demagogue of war. th'- man who in mere folly or to serve his own selfish ends continually rails at and abubcx other nations, who seeks to excite ex-cite his countrymen against (orelgneiS on Insufficient pretexts, who excites and Inflames In-flames a perverse a. id aggressive national vanity, and who may on occasions waai-tonly waai-tonly bring on conflict between m.s nation and BOmi oth.-r nation. Must Avoid Extremes. But there are demagogues of peace lust as there are demagogues of war, and In any such movement as this for The Hague conference it Is essential not to be misled by one set of extremists any moro than by ths other Whenever It Is possible for a nation or an Individual to work for real peace, assuredly n g failure fail-ure of duty not fo to strive, but If war Is necessary and righteous then either the man or the nation shrinking trom it forfeits ali title to self-respect We have scant sympathy with the sentimentalist who dreads oppression less than physical uttering, who would prefer .i shameful peace to the pain and toll sometimes lamentably lam-entably necessary in order to secure a righteous peaci As yet thre Is only a partial and Imperfect Im-perfect analogy between International law and Internal or municipal law, because be-cause there Is no sanction of force for executing iic- formci srblli ther Is In the latter Thi- private citizen is protected in his rights bj ih.- law becausi ths law rrls In the last n .-.urt uo.m force exercised exer-cised through the forms of lau A man does not havi to defend his rights with Ills own hand, because he can call upon the police, upon the Sheriffs posse, upon the militia, or In certain extreme cases upon the army, tO defend him But there Is no such sanction of force tor international interna-tional law. Not Time to Disarm. At present there could be no greater calamity than for the free peoples, the enlightened, independent and peace-loving peoples, to disarm while vet having It open lo anv barbarism or despotism to remain armed So long ns the ,.r;.l Is as unorganized Us now, the armies and naJcs of those peoples who on the whole stand for Justice, Offer not onlv the best, but the only possible, security for a la: t peace For instance, if the United States alone, or In company only with the other nations that on the whole tend to act justly, disarmed, we might sometimes avoid hloods,.., but we would cease to be of weight In securing the peace of Justice Jus-tice -the real p. u. e f.,r w hich" the most law-abiding and high -minded men nmsl nt times be willing to tight. Fight for Peace. As the world Is now. onlv that nation Is eipjlppcd for peace that knows how to fight and that will not shrink from lighting light-ing if ever the conditions become euch that war is demanded in the name of the highest morality. So much it is e niphatb allv n- cessarv to say In order both that the position of'the i nlted States may not be misunderstood and that a genuine effort to bring nearer th day Of the peace- of Justice among the nations rna n.. I . . hampered bv a folly which. In striving to achieve the Impossible, Impos-sible, would render it hopeless to attempt the achievement of the practical. But while recognizing most clearly all above set forth. If remain our clear "dutv to strive In ev.ry practicable wu to bring nearer the time when the sword .'hall not he the arbiter among nations. At present the practical thing to do Is to try to minimize the number of cases n w hich It nust be the arbiter, and to offer, of-fer, at least to all civilized powers, some sihstftutc f,,r war w hi. h w ill be available In at least a considerable number of Instances. In-stances. Much Can Be Done. Very much can be done through another Hague conference In this direction, and I most earnestly urge that this Nation do all In Its power to trv to further the trovemenl and to make ths result of the decisions of The Hague conference effective. effec-tive. I earnestly hope that the conference confer-ence mav he able to .h-vlsc some wa to make arbitration between nations the 'customary 'cus-tomary way of settling International disputes dis-putes In all save a few classes of cases. Which should themselves be as sharply defined and rigidly limited as the present governmental and social development of the world will permit. If possible-, there should he- a general arbitration treaty negotiated among all the nations represented at the conference. Neutral rights and property should be protected at sea as they are protected land. Then- should he an International agreement to tnls purpose and a similar agreement defining contraband of war. Diminution in Wars. During the last century there has been a distinct diminution In the numbT of wars betWei n the most civilized nations. International relations hayc become closer, and the development of The Hague tribunal Is not only a symptom of this growing closeness of relationship, but i? a means by which the growth can be furthered. Our aim should bo from time te time to take such steps as may be possible toward creating something like an organization of the civilized nations, bet LUse ss ths world becomes more highly high-ly organized the need for navies and armies will diminish. It Is not possible to secure anything like an Immediate disarmament, because It would Urst be necessary to. settle what peoples are on the whole a menace to the rest Of mankind, and to provide against the disarmament of the rest being be-ing turned Into a movement which would really chiefly benefit these obnoxious peoples, peo-ples, but It may be possible tej exercise some check main the tendency to swell Indefinitely the budgets for military' expenditure. ex-penditure. Show Practical Faith. Of course such an effort could succeed only If it did not attempt to do too much; and if It were undertaken in a spirit of sanity as far removed as iM-siblc frrjrn a merely hysterica pseudo-phi lanthropy, it I is worth while pointing out that since the end of the insurrection in the Philippines thle Nation has shown Its practical faith In the policy of disarmament by reducing Its little army one-third. But disarmament disarma-ment can never be of prime Importance; there Is more need to get rid of the causes of war than of the Implements of war. Wish Is Genuine. I have dwelt much, on the dangers to be avoided by steering clear of any mere foolish sentimentality because my wish for peace Is so genuine and earnest; lye-cause lye-cause I have a real and :re:it desire 'that this second Hague conference may mark a long stride forward In the direction of securing the peace of Justice throughout the world. No object is better worthy the attention of enlightened statesmanship than the establishment of a surer method than now exists of securing justice as between nations, both for the protection ef the little- nations and for the prevention preven-tion of war between the big nations. To thle aim we should endeavor not only to avert bloodshed, but, above all. effectively effective-ly to strengthen the forces of right. The Golden Rtj.e should be, and as the world grows In morality It will be, the guiding rule of conduct among nations as among individuals; though the Qoldr n Rule must not be const rued In fnci . it. manner, as forbidding the exercise of the p., He- power. This mighty and free Republic Re-public should ever deal with all other States, great or small, on a basis of high honor, respecting their rights as Jealously Jeal-ously ns It safeguards its own. One of the most effective Instruments for peace is the Monroo doctrine as it has been and Is being gradually developed by this Nation and accepted by other r.a"-tlons r.a"-tlons No other policy could have been as efficient In promoting pVaco n the Western West-ern hemisphere and in giving to each nation na-tion thereon the cnance to develop along lis own lines. If we had refused to apply the doctrine to (hanging conditions It would now b. comph tely outworn, would not nn-et any of the needs of the present day, and Indeed would probably by this time have sunk Into complete oblivion. It is useful at home, and Is meeting with recognition abroad because we have) adapted our application of It to meet the growing and changing needs of the hem-lsohere. hem-lsohere. Committed to Consequences. When we announce a policy, such as tho Monroe doetrlne, we thereby commit ourselves our-selves to the consequences of the policy, and tiles.- coiisc.pe i , . s ir.im time to tiui.j alter. It 's out of the question to claim a right and yet shirk the responsibility for its exercise. Not only we. but ail American republics who are benefited by the cxlstenc- ..f the doctrine, must rtcog'-nlze rtcog'-nlze the- obligations each nation is under as ng. ads foreign peoples no less than Its duty to Insist upon Its own rights Rights Deeply Concerned. That our rights and interests are deeply concerned in th.- maintenance of the doctrine doc-trine is so clear as hardly to need argu-m argu-m ni This Is especially true In view of the construction of the Panama canal. As a mere matter of f. n, w. must exercise a close watch over the approaches ap-proaches to this canal; and this mr-atus that we must be thoroughly alive to our Interests in the Caribbean sea. There are certain essential points which must never be forgotten as reguids the Monroe doctrine In the first place we must as a nation make H evident that we do not Int.-nd to treat It In any shap or way as an excuse for aggrandizement on our part at the expense of the republics to the south. Wo must recognize- the fact lhat In some South American countries I her A has been much suspicion lest we should Interpret ihe Monroe- doctrine as in some way Inimical to their Interests, t-nd we must try to convince all the other nations Of this continent once and for all that no Just and orderly government has anything to fear from us Meet on Equality. Thers are certain republics t the south of us which have already readied such a point e.f stability, order, and prosperity-thai prosperity-thai they themselves, though as yet hardly hard-ly consciously are among (tie guarantors I of this doctrine These republics we now meet not only on a basis of entire equality, equal-ity, DUt In a spirit of frank and respectful friendship, which we hope Is mutual, if ull of the republics to the south of us will HAS A GOOD WORD FOR RECLAMATION Creation Small Farms Offsets Tendency to Foster Land Monopoly. GOVERNMENT SHOULD CONTROL OPEN RANGE Advises Following General Policy Pol-icy in Operation on Forest Reserves. only grow ns thone to which I allude have already grown, all need for us to be the er.peclal champions of the doctrine will llsappear, for no stable and growing American republic wishes to see some great non-American military power acquire ac-quire territory In its neighborhood All that this country desires is that the other republl. on this continent shall be happy and prosperrus. and they can not be happy hap-py and prosperous unless they maintain order within their boundaries and behave with a Just r. gard for their obligations toward outsiders. No Territorial Apgresslon. It must be understood that under no circumstances cir-cumstances will the United States use the Monroo doctrine as a cloak for territorial terri-torial aggre.Ms.lon 'e desire peace with all the world, but perhaps most of nil with the oth. r peoples of the American Continent There arc of course limits to the wrongs which any self-respecting nation na-tion can endure. It Is always popslble that wrong actions toward this Nation, or toward clttr.ens of this Nation. In some State unable to keep order among Its own people, unable to secure Justice from outsiders, out-siders, and unwilling to do Justice to those outsiders who treat it well may result re-sult In our having to take action to protect pro-tect our rights; bat such action will not tie taken with a view to territorial aggression, ag-gression, and it will be taken at all only -xiih extreme reluctance and when It has become evident that every other resource has been exhausted. Not a Shield for Misdeeds. Moreover, we must make It evident that we do not Intend to permit the Monroe doctrine to be used by any nation on this continent as a shield to protect It from the consequences of its own misdeeds against foreign nations. If a republic to th.- s, ,uth f us commits a tort against a foreign nation, such as an outrage-against outrage-against a cltlr.eit of that nation, then the M.mro. doctrine doe.s not force us to in-terfer in-terfer t" pn vent punishment of the tort, save to see that the punishment does not assume the fyrm of territorial Occupation Occupa-tion in any shape. The OSSS Is more dlf-t!. dlf-t!. nil when It refers to a contractual obligation obli-gation Our own Government has always refused to eniorce sucn comra. mai oo-llgatlons oo-llgatlons or behalf of Its citizens by an appeal to arms. It Is much to be wished that all foreign Governments would take th-- same view. But they do not; and in consequence we are liable at any time to be brought face to face with disagreeable alternatives. (in the one hand, this country would certainly decline to go to war to prevent a foreign Government from collecting a Just debt, on the other hand. It Is very inadvisable to permit any foreign power te take possession, even temporarily, of the custom-houses of an American republic re-public In order to enforce, the payment of Its obligations; for such temporary occupation occu-pation might turn Into a permanent occupation oc-cupation Escape From Alternatives. The only escape from these alternatives mav at any time be that we must ourselves our-selves undertake to bring abe.ut some arrangement ar-rangement by which so much as possible of a just obligation shall be paid It Is far bett.-r that this country should put through such an arrangerm nt, rather than allow any foreign country to undertake under-take It. To do so Insures the defaulting republic from having to pay debts of an Improper character under duress, while It also insures honest creditors of tho republic re-public from being passed by In the Interest Inter-est Of dishonest or grasping creditors Moreover for the I'nlted States to take such a position offers the only possible way of Injuring us against a clash with some foreign power The position Is, therefore, in the Interest of peace as well as In the interest of Justice. It Is of benefit ben-efit to our people; It Is ef benefit to foreign for-eign peoples; ancl most of all It Is really of benefit to the people of the country-concerned country-concerned Fundamental Object. This brings me to what should be onn of the fundamental objects of the Monroe doctrine. We must ourselves In gooel faith trv to help upward toward peace and order those of our sister republics which need such help. 'Just ns there has .. t-r lual growth ..f the e'hl.- il element ele-ment In the relations of one Individual to another, so we are. even though slowly, more nnd more coming to recognize the duty of bearing one another's burdens not only as among Individuals, but also as among nations. Santo Domingo's Appeal. SantO Domingo, in her turn, has now made an appeal to us to help h r. and not only every principle of wisdom hit every generous Instinct within us hirJs us respond re-spond to the appeal It is not of the slightest consequence whether we grant the nid needed by Santej Domingo as an Incident to the wise development of the Monroe doctrine, or because we regard the case of Santo Dcmlngo as standing wholly by Itself, and to be treated as such, and not on general principles or with anv reference to the Monroe doctrine doc-trine "Ihe Important point is to give the needed aid. and tlu case is certainly sufficiently suf-ficiently peculiar to deserve to be Judged purely on its own merits. On Verge of Dissolution. Tho conditions In Santo Domingo have for a number of year grown from bad to worse until a year ago all society yna on Hi. erge of dissolution Fortunately, i lust as this time a ruler sprang up in Santo Domingo, who. with his culleague-b saw th. dancers threatening their country coun-try and appealed to th- friendship of ths only great and poweiful neighbor who possessed th power, and as they hoped also the will to help them. There was Imminent danger of foreign Intervention. Tli,. r.rvlr.i.c riilnri nf C'.nln T- I had reckless-lv incurred debts, and owing to her Internal disorders she had OSSSl 3 to be ahie io provide means of paying the debts. The pail. n.e of her foreign creditor.- had become exhausted, and at least two foreign nations were on the point of Intervention, and were only prevented from Intervening by the unofficial assurance assur-ance of this Gov. rnm.-nt that it would it-.ef it-.ef .strive to help Santo Domingo In he-r hour of ne.-d Prevented Intervention. In the case of one of these nations, only the actual opening of negotiaii ma to this end by our Government prevented the seizure of territory in Santo Domingo by a European power. Of tho dehts In-ojrred In-ojrred some were Ju.-d while come woi not of a character which roally renders ll obligatory on or proper for. Santo Domingo Do-mingo to pay them In full. But she coul I ii"1 OSS any of them unless sonp- stability was assured her Government and reopie Temporary Arrangement. Accordingly the executive department of our Government negotiated a treaty under which we are to trv to help the Dominican people to straighten out their finances. This treaty Is pending Defort the Senate In the meantime a temporary nrrangemcnt has been made which will last until the Senate has had time to take action upon the treaty. Under this arrangement ar-rangement the Dominican Government has appointed Americans to all Ihe importunl positions in the customs service, and they are. seeing to the honest collection or k. revenues, turning nvor 4f. per cent to the. Government tor running expenses and pulling the other 55 pr:r cent Into a safe t'osli ii leu . qultat i. di Islon In . ase the treaty shall be ratified, among th various creditors, whether European or American Gives Moral Power. The usiom-houscs offer well-nigh the only sources of revenue in Santo Domingo, Domin-go, and the different reolution usually have .is (heir real aim th'- obtaining pos-SeSSlon pos-SeSSlon 01 these custom-houses. The mere foct that the collectors of customs aro Americans, that they are performing their duties with efficiency and honesty, and that the treaty is pending in the Bertate gives a certain moral power to the Government Gov-ernment of Santo Domingo which It has not had before. Thin has completely discouraged dis-couraged all revolutionary movement, while it has alu-ady produced such an ln-creai ln-creai s In the revenues that the Government Govern-ment Is actually getting more from the I'j p.-r cent th..i the American collectors turn ov.-i to it ih mi It got form. rl when it took th entln revenue n is enabling the poor harassed p ople of Santo Domingo Do-mingo once more to turn their attention to Industry and to be free from the cur.se of Interminable revolutionary disturbance disturb-ance It offers lo nil hemn fldo creelltors. American and Buropean, the onl) really good chance to obtain that to which they an- Justly entitled, while It in return gives to Banto Domingo the only opportunity of defense against claims which It ought" not to pay. for now if It meets the views of the Senate we shall ourselves thoroughly examine all these claims, whether American Ameri-can or foreign, and see that none that am Improper are paid Opposition to Treaty. There Is, of course, opposition to the treaty from dishonest creditors, foreign and America n. and from G.r profession I revolutionists of the island Itself. w., h;ie already reason to believe that some Of the creditors who do not dare expose thair claims to honest scrutiny are endeavoring en-deavoring to stir up sedition In the Island and opposition to the treaty In the meantime i have exercised the authority ted In my by the Joint resolution of th. Congress to prevent the introduction of arms into the Island for revolutionary purposes. Under the course taken, stability and order and all the benefits of peace are at lart coming to BantO Domingo, danger of foreign Intervention has been suspended ind there Is at last a prospect thnt all creditors Will g- t Justice, no more an I no ! ss. If the arrangement is terminated by the failure of the treaty chaos will follow; fol-low; and If chaos follows, sooner or later this Government may be Involved In serl- us difficulties with foreign governments over the island, or else may be forced itself to Intervene in the Island In somo unpleasant fashion. Independence Respected. Under the proposed treaty th Independence Independ-ence Of th Island Is BCTUpulOUSiy resp. . -ed ths danger of violation of the Monroe doctrine i.y ti-. Intervention of foreign powers vanishes, and the Interference of our Government Is minimized, so that we shall only act In eonlunctlon with the Santo Domingo authorities to secure the proper administration of the customs, and therefore to secure the payment of jusl debts and to secure the Dominican Government against demands for unjust debts Th. proposed ni' thod will give the people of Santo Deimlngo the- same chance lo move onwar l and upward which we have alreadj given to the people of Cuba It will be doubly to our discredit an a nation If we fall t take advantage of this chance; for it will be of damage to our-.. our-.. Ivi s. and It will be of Incalculable damage dam-age to Santo Domingo Every consideration considera-tion of wise policy, and, above all, every consideration of large generosity, bids us mei t the request of Santo Domingo as w, .ire now trying to meet it W'r cannot consider the question ef our foreign policy without at the same time treating of trie army and the navy We now have a very small army Indeed, one well-nigh Infinitesimal when compared with the army of any other large nation. Of course the army we do have should be OS uearly perfect of Its kind und for its size as Is possible I do not believe that any army In the world has a better average aver-age of enlisted tn.n or a better type of Junior officer, but the army should be trained to act effectively In a mass. Provision should b mad by sufficient npproprlaMrms for maneuvers of a practical prac-tical kind so that the troops may learn how to take care of themselves under actual ac-tual service conditions; every march, for Instance, being made with th soldier load d exactly as he would be In an active ac-tive campaign. The Generals and Cedo-nels Cedo-nels would thereby have opportunity of handling regiments, brigades and division'- nnd toe .sjmmlssary and medical departments would be tested in the field Provision should be made for the exer- is. at leat of a brigade and by preference prefer-ence of a division in marching and embarking em-barking ni some point on our coa.t ajul disembarking at somo other point an 1 continuing Its march. Should Be Less Posts. Tho number of posts In which the army Is kept in time of peace should be materially ma-terially diminished and the posts that are left made correspondingly larger. No local interests should be allo-ved to stand In the way of assembling the greater pari of the troops winch would a; need form our field armies In stations of such s.z.. as will permit the best tralr.ln.? to bo given to Ihe personnel of all grides. Including In-cluding the high officers and staff officers. offi-cers. To accomplish tiiis cud wo must hSVe not company or regimental garrisons, garri-sons, but brigade and division garns..,.s Promotion by mere seniority, can never result in a thoroughly efficient corps of 1)1. -rs la the higher ranks unless there accompanies it a vigorous weeding-ut process Wecding-Out Process. Such a wccdlng-out process ; hot is. such a process of selection is . chief feature fea-ture of tho iour years' course . t th,. young officer at "West Point. There Is no good reason why it shouil stop imme-dla imme-dla sly upon his graduaur-i W hile at West Point he is dropped uniess bic comes U to a certain standatd of excel! d and when he graduates he takes rank in the army according lo his i ink -it graduation. grad-uation. The rosuitd aie.- -i d n IWst Point; and th-?ro should be In the army Itself something that will achieve tho same end After a certain age has be a reached the average- officer is unlit to do good work below a certain grade. Provision Pro-vision should be made for the promotion of exceptionally meritorious men over the heads of their comrades and for the retire., re-tire., tent of all men who have reached a given age without setting bevond a given rank; this ag of retirement of course changing from rank to rank. In both the army and the navy there should be somo principle of selection, that is of promotion for merit, and there should be a resolute effort to eliminate the aged officers of-ficers of reputable character who possess pos-sess no BpeclsU efficiency Somo Increases Needed. There should be an Increase In the coast artillery force, so that our coast fortifications fortifi-cations can b in some degree adequate! manned. There in special need for an In-C In-C re ase and reorganization of the medical uucut ui wie uriuy . in ooin me army and navy there mast be the same thorough training for duty In the staff corps as In the fighting line. Only by such training In advance can we bo 9ur that in actual war field operations and those at sea will be carried on successfully. success-fully. The Importance of this was hown conclusively In the Spanlsh-Ameilcsn und the Ruo?o-Japan. se wart The work of the medical departments In the Japanese army and navy is especially worthy of study I renew my recommendation of January Janu-ary 9. 1305. as to the medical department of the army and call attention to the equal Importance of thi needs of the staff corps of the navy In the medical department de-partment or the navy the first in Importance Im-portance Is the reorganization of the hr.s-pltal hr.s-pltal corps, on the lines of the Gal linger bill (S. 3$M. February 1 9-.X . and the reapportionment re-apportionment of the different grades of the medical officers to meet service re-eiulrerncnts re-eiulrerncnts Medical Officers' Pny. It seems advisable also that medical officers of the army and navy should have similar i-ank and pay in their respective grades, so that their duties can be carried car-ried on without friction when they are brought together The base hospitals of the navy should be put in condition to meet modern requirements and hospital ships be provided Unless we now pro vide with ample forethought for the medical needs of the army und nav v appalling ap-palling suffering of a preventable kind Is s.- tn occur if ever tho country goes to 8F NATURALIZE Report of Commission quire Into Questioi Indorsed. JURISDICTION TO XATU CONFINED TOU. SI No Alien to Be Given Ciij Until Ninety Days j Filing Petition. war It Is not reasonable tn 1 cessful administration n ' department which larks a nS numbers of nm.er, the medical service n time of r-eed men who are not mtrlA hey must be trained In thi I tlon of military mcd.cal leervJ Navy Must Be Larg Our navy must, relatively t0 of other nati,,n?, alwa9 h . size than or army W(J8, 1- 7n.lnu.vl for a nnmhVr o! build up .,r navy, and l cenrhvPd Thfalr,y h,gh "ndas clency This standard of efflcfi not only he maintained, bnt fi nK0t seom tn m" nereis that the- nary f5houl.l--at i.as7 mediate fture-be increased fc present number 0f unlt8 wi clearly neo-ssnr. 3 to substltu' for Inefllclent units ns the latt worn-out or as It become, aprj the: are useless. Probably would be attained by adding a i tlcshlp to our navy each year s-derl or outworn vev,H be, ' broken up as they are thus rep four single. turrot monitors but ately after the close of the Spi for Instance, are vessels which Of but little use In the event ol money spent upon thm could more usefully spent In other wi it would have been far bettei have built a single one of thaw arui t . have put the monev lnt supply of reserve guns. Most e.f the smaller cruisers boats, though th"y serve a use! so far as they are needed fo lioiKil poli.-e work, would not rtrength of our navy in a coni serious foe. There is urgent BJ vidlng a larpe In.-reas- in the I ofti. .t r. nd . --p.-ceiiv in the rj enlisted men. Lessons of Recent Hist Rocenl n.-i'-,il history has i crtln lessons whl. h ought fl which do. need emphasis Sea pedo boats or destroyers are! ble, not only for making nlghfl surprh-e .p,.,r. an ern-rn . but ci lie for finishing already crlpj Ind-r exception"! elreumstSJ marine holts would doubtlessl Fast scouts are needed. M strength of the navy, howevsj can onlv Me in the great battH heavily -armored, h.-a vlly-gunrtd which decide the mastory ofl Heavy-armed cruisers also pi e-ef-.l part, ar.o unarmed CI swift enough, are very ascfufl Hetvvern antagonists of apn equal prowess the comparative of the instruments of wur win determine the npht. But It M true that the man behind tM man In the engine-room, and Q the conning tower, considered Individually, but especially wffl the way In which they work tB even more Important than tfl with whft-h they work. Men Behind Gunal The most formidable battfl cuir.-. helpless against even aJJ ser if the men abroad it are ill anything with their guns; anifl well-handled cruisers may coud in an engagement with mucB vessels, if th men aboard tlH liK-ff. . tlvi . whether from lsebsV or from any other cause Mot ships are most formidable at when well handled, but they a useless when not veil handled! can not he handled at all wif nnd careful training This tH undi r no circumstance bH once war has broken out. ship of th tirst cij-s should Sj up save for necessary repahW crew should be kept constant!!1 on the high seas, so that ghSjST at the highest point of perfec To put a new ana untralnedMj the mosl powerful hattleehlvH to meei a t irmidable es' only to Invite but to insure 4P dlSgru. . In !r.poVpe crc-VTSf break of a war, so far as U righting craft are concerned, W ly hopeless If th" officers an' not thoroughly skilled In. MHJ been thoroughlv trained to, ty It would be far bettor to keep" in port during hostilities ths-": them against a formidable op tho result could only he that F" be either sunk or captured, m Need Mere Seamesjb The marksmanship of our on the whole In a gratifylnSr and there has been a great IB, In fleet practice We need ads men we need a large storfT guns we need sufficient manes target practice, ample practisl kind at sea. We should W; comparatively inefllclent tyPi; tr.lrd -class battleship Texas, t-turreted t-turreted moaitois above meSc irdee.l ull the monitors s.na y old cruisers efficient, n10"!? v ss.-is. Seagoing torpedo-txsssss should be substituted tor SW smaller tori edo boats. Du'1K! ent t'onn-r..--s ih-re need tie B to the aggregate number or SJf Our naw. though v ery navies of other naU0J,m. present uffleienf In point .or u.eds, and while we mil si strive to make its efficiency HIR heed t.e no U.JdltlOllS IO .lWV , Rh pt now built and UV"5F the way of substitution as aDoro.. I recommend the report or of tho Navy to tne of the Congress. P''iJsk?" the legislation therein advSJl During the past vear c MH mulntcd to confirm tho s U-lnrd 1n my last lw0,a?H' as to the importance or YJJN propil.it. legislation ou' i!3V killing aliens. 1 aPomt55jfo1v :' commlHsiin to make Y-;. tlon of our naturalization IS.J sugg-.-t appropriate "asures notorious abases r. suiting ir provident or unlawful ntn ship This commission, com ;! r of the I.'epar m ent of Department of Justice, ana Partm.-nt ..f -"mm'?. f discharged .he duty "lh h. ,., submitted a .'res,n transmitted tu c lor I J ' slderatlon, and. I hope, for 1 action. Distinguishing Becommen The distinguishing rccomiM tli ' ommlsslon arc j 7 First- F.-l. ral " '? ,he 1 V. tion ,0 be rVrSM f.1 ,,t ( omm. rc, and Labor, tOS i. dmln.stratlon of the natural j .IU11 ,,, r,,-el.e returns of not pending and accomplished- q.-cond-rnlforrolty of M certificates, fees to be chargli rhlrd More exacting quauwta, ClKunrTS!?rh. l-Iim'-ryjM Intention to be ubvilshcd analj Miff mm ilS steainshiI) iXjres Emphatic uXflFRlCHTSORT hJAw Being and titiinTforced- tx r-"cty dpys Lfc-H SIMM Patriot 7Br; t marts an havo |
