Show Is EN A tOR SMOOT DECLARES FOR TREA TREATY TY EUROPE NOT EUROPEANIZE ROPE NIE AM AMERICA EAt HIS HISt t I ADVICE ON U. U 5 S POliCY is Country Will Win Not Surrender Its B Birthright for Any or World Government That's But Per Cent Ours L J Declaration in Pointing Out the Ule t t Oven 0 Rep Rep- if- if r of Foreign Countries in League T A 1 LETTER ETTER to C. C N N. Lund Jr o of J 1 Mount Pleasant Senator need Heed i j outlines his policies on the I cace treaty and of oC nations t covenant setting Jetting forth reasons for Cor histand his I island Und tand In n favor of ot reservations to tho the f treaty caty before it Is ratified by tho Senator Smoots Smoot's letter was wa written in reply to a communication from Mr Lund und in which s latter expressed tho the that tho the Utah senators senator's stand I for reservations was waa not tho wisest J Senator Smoot answers tho the voiced by Mr Lund and what he believes es to bo be th the th ruo American course courso In detail Sen- Sen fator ator Smoots Smoot's letter to to Mr ur Lund fol- fol L i Mr C C. N. N Lund Jr Mount Pleasant Utah D u Friend Lund I I received your our lott letter r of ot July I 1 13 J. J U 9 and md must ask your our pardon for not f the letter before this Tho rho l Iy excuse I have to offer is that it tr a been a physical Impossibility forato for i me e. e ato to attend promptly to my personal correspondence rr pond as Is my mr usual custor cus- cus Jom for tor the tho reason that I have been attending meetings 3 of or tho the public lands lants C committee cc the thc appropriations committee commit commit- w tee e. e and other committees of oC tho the Senat Senal every v r ry day for a couple of months past and d have hae been busy nearl nearly every even cven- ring with other pressing official matI mat- mat I ten lI I want you to know that I appreciate tate date your letter as I do letters from iny any of ot my constituents expressing views view on public questions I I think I understand the spirit and meaning of ot your letter Jetter and why it was written written Your surroundings s. arid no doubt your our first impression that the theA A ot In BA I u u future futuro peace pence of ot th the world have convinced con Con- vinced you ou that tho the league Is all that w. w was as s first claimed for tor it H and as a friend you OU concluded that I was as letting let let- ting g political bias warp my better judgment I liopo to be able ablo to con- con Ince you ou otherwise Studied died League lany Months rom rom your our 1 letter I am quite quito sure you ou not given ben careful stud study thc he provisions of or tho the covenant of or or you would have ha reach reached cd i different conclusion lon I have lived it for months past I have hae tu Hed Its cr c every provision I have ha lied to learn from every cry possible of or all nil actions taken tal at the Lri conference while tho the covenant as under discussion and I assure ou u that the tho conclusions I have havo cached have not Hot been heen hast hasty hatty nor batiN pun prejudice or political bias Ii I I 1 am im confident that certain reserva- reserva lope lons 1 must bust be m made ide to the covenant CO in r cr to maintain our present form Corm of r ment ant and andt as I believe arc are necessary nee nee- Scary essary to enable America to lo fulfil her iUn a as God Intended her hor to do I mt int you ou to know mow that I am going to tofate tote fate etc te for reservations to the league o of and It is not for tor tile purpose j In your our letter Ic r. r As s your our ourI I nd i 1 am tn going to take a little time to you ou some of or m my views view's in gallon l lIon to this thia mo roost most t important docu- docu nt nL ew k e L S RI Rival va 1 I It b C league of or nations nation or covenant Copied o In I Its lia present form woul l e 6 a a. flOW now authority to act in the ce oC ot the United States Hs Itself lf in p mining what the United States ld ia do In all ull of or its foreign rela- rela L In ln all aU parts of ot the world orld at all aU The covenant attempts to trans trans- he ic Sovereign will of oC tho the United t lea tes from frOIn the people and md their gov- gov O to a council an and assembly of oe oes 1 If It wo We enter the proposed e wo we r resign n our Independence ence become a province pro In the tho In- In tonal lonal body Wo We 0 lose 1050 our 1 PosItion by inadequate i n In body and really cont con- con t that allon n Influences shall govern boY I 6 and we agree to submit u to If t dictation P On one ca can call defend the tile ther r- r rot ot of i aa all provided pro f l th the l uc it a assumes sume that any lot OE pw People Pe-opo Plo not r affiliated ted with wilh an any K State tc I J shall bo called a nation and led leet tl to ORO ono vote vole while an any body IJo tO Ople le affiliated with Mato any I I C considered i a as a province and I to r rc and VOlt I in the l league a The TIle provision is a narrow narrow narrow nar nar- row technical conception and assumes that a a. state stae in tho union like New NewYork NeWYork NeWYork York with a population of oC is isI not to representation while whilo I Panama with a population of oC shall shaH have havo one vote otc with a t nt of 9 Ari Ant tA TIA n vote otc and even en Liberia Is entitled to ono one Vote voto In ct ct this gives I cs the majority of ot tho the votes otes and the control of oC the assembly Into tho the hands of ot tho the small countries that are arc indirectly controlled controlled con con- controlled trolled b by a few w of ot the large lare European European European Euro Euro- powers This basis of presenta e representation tion as applied to the league is a p parody parody par par- rody r- r ody on justice and some da day If Ir the tho league Suo becomes a reality will defeat I the tho vory rory ot purpose of ot the league World Word Is Bitter Though Exhausted I admit that there thero will m be no big war ar Just no now nono no matter ho hovy hoV bitter tho the Tor or the nations aro are too eXhausted exhausted ex eX- hausted to fight Bitterness will subside subside subside sub sub- side a 33 as conditions I r mr i 1 nn n u VII will Improve as the wars war's ef effects ef- ef feds wear vear off The four founders of ot tho the republic believed be be- lIec that th the had devised tho the most perfect system of oC government gO possible to Lo man The They were convinced that liberty liberty lib lib lib- erty rt an and legal l equality were sufficient to produce human happiness and they looked hooked back back- to old Europe rendered miserable by caste privilege and other forms of ot governmental interference with tho the rights of or man It was wan a nightmare nightmare night night- mare from the they had escaped and of or which the they did not wish to be ho reminded Isolation s seemed mcd their only onh safety until such time as the peoples of oC other lands should COP copy the American Ameri Amen can institutions and nd share in American felicity On I Only a casual cas reading not only of or the tile literature of oC th the first u of the republic but of ot the tho forties and fifties of the nineteenth century Is needed to show that the thc faith that that we were politically centuries ahead of oC Europe Eu Eu- rope was early and deeply Implanted In the hearts of the tho American people and and with this faith went the thc conviction conviction tion that wo we must be on our guard JUard against l the advances nd of the medieval Ll I governments o on the other side of or the i water American Ideals t. t Never Vever to Die In the hearts of ot the people this sentiment sentiment sen sen- of or Americanism as an nn inimitable mimi mimi- table ideal has h never ne died out and for the Iho future welfare and preservation preservation a tion Uon of A America merie I pra pray 1 it t never ne will r. r tet t ii us u. b by h- hour our example our pa pa- pa our Hr ur love Ioe of country our lo 10 O for nt NM nc-NM evil II for liberty rCy lIld against Europe rather r than under the I league l America nl I I have ha absolute faith In I I and their undying nd I s. s faith thi In lj their form forni of oC government Go and antI I do be- be the American people will be content content con con- tent to surrender their birthright ht In return for COr a world go government that will be two and three quarters per percent percent cent vent American Do you OU or tho the people at home believe e that as soon as ns normal conditions condition return when whenever ever every nation will bo ho struggling str to se secure secure se- se cure ure the tho commerce of oC tho the world word pa passing pass pars sIn s- s In ing laws to protect tho Interest of oC Its own citizens nc no against the lie balance balanco of oC the world when pelt petty jealousies will wiil arii aric c and race hatred is in flame the two and three quarters quarteTs e-quarteTs per cent can dictate or to control the tha warring warring- seven ninety n and nd quarter one per cent The world worM is sick of oC war today and the tho nations most of or them arc are on tho the verge of ot bankruptcy All this tIlls however however how how- ever cr will be changed cd some time In the future For or a 1 decade to come the league ma may not involve ol us IS in serious trouble trouble but what Is a decade in the life lifo of or a nation Power to Proxy Is ts Forbidden You know that under our constitution constitution tion the tile President and tho the Senate have no power to gate delegate to a council councH or assembly the conduct of or the Iho foreign re relations relations relations re- re lations of ot our J. The Tilo PresIdent President dent and tb J Senate have havo their re respective ro- ro spheres 1 res of authority and under under un un- un- un der the tIle constitution cannot pass be be- be yond Combined the they have been clothed with Iho illo treaty making power but this power is clearly defined It is isan isan an nn absurdity to hold that a treaty can bo be made marie Which would abolish tho the sov 60 er l of ot tIn tho United States or transfer trans trans- fer for an any part of ot that sovereignty to a alea lea league ue of or nations Your position as an editor of ot a public public pub pub- lic lie journal and your our duty as n n. cn of this country require you ou to think for yourself lf on this question without passion without partisanship and nd without regard to what any individual ml might ht think or say but al always nl- nl ways was with the tho thought in III mind as nS to lo what effect it will Ill havo o upon our country 1 I want you OU to lo dl dI dig into and andt t study this subject for Cor it Jt concerns tile Iho future independence and freedom atour of at our country 1 now call our to tho er which I have ha concluded must mut be mado to the covenant Monroe Doctrine I Safeguard Asked I x take It for printed that you ou nih III admit that the Monroe Monroe Mon Mon- Ion Ion- roe TOC doctrine I N IM all n it na national na- na policy application atlon and enforcement mn t IJ be lie determined determined deter deter- mined by hy the United State alone I otc ote otc for tor n a reservation to tomake tomake make tilt this clear The present form ferns II of the thc covenant do does doci not I tale take It for granted that you ou will admit that Internal questions entirely entire entIre- I ly domestic in character such as im immigration immigration im- im migration and the tho tariff tarlet are to bo be de determined do- do solely by tho the country in which thc they arise The Tho present present- form of or tho the covenant transfers this power to the league of nations 1 take It for gr granted that you 3 will admit that under the constitution tho the United States StaLes cannot bind itself In advance advance ad ad- vance ance to make mako war without tho the ox- ox press s authorization of oC Con Congress at the he heI I time The pr present sent form of ot the tise covenant covenant cove cove- nant sp specifically provides otherwise cove I as stated state in a cablegram from President Pros Pres ident Wilson at Paris Parly on May Ia 10 10 1919 I addressed to his secretary for publication publication tion as follows Happily there thero is no mystery or privacy about what I havo have promised promised promised prom prom- the government s here I 1 ha have promised to propose to the Senate Senata a a. supplement In which we wo shalIa shall I a agree ree subject to the approval of ot i ithe i 1 the council of ot the league of or na nations nations na- na I I to come Immediately to the I assistance nce of Fra France lee I lii In case caso of oC un- un I I provoked attack oy Dy German inui inu me merely ly the thc action to 10 bleh v we wc c he hc hound bound b by the thc covenant of ot the thc league of nation I r take it for tor granted that you ou will admit that the United States should havo O the right to withdraw from the league leas and determine for Jt Itself whether It has fulfilled Its Us oblIgations allons as provided pro In the covenant or not The Thc present form of the thc covenant gives gl this right to foreigners ners to decide Shantung Is Indefensible Tho The Shan Shantung tun settlement as provided provid provid- ed In the thc peace tr treaty at aty is indefensible and arid never would have ha been Included In Inthe Inthe inthe the treat treaty if it President Wilson had not decided that It was necessary to in- in dude it In order to secure Japans Japan's signature to tho the treaty of peace Shantung Shan Shan- tUn lung tung was given to Japan as a a. bribe so admitted upon the thc floor of ot the Senate Senate Sen Sen- Senate ate b by no Jc lena authority than Senator Senator Sena Sena- tor Williams a member of ot the foreign for for- eign olga relations ela ons cO committee and spokes spokes- man ion lor inc Accepts League With Provisos With these reservations made mad to tho the treaty trealy 1 shall vote volo for It ft but even Cven then I will do so o with a great g deal of ot apprehension The draft rat of or tho the cox co conant is a British British Brit Brit- ish ISIS draft dratt from frOIn beginning to end It cleverly makes tho the covenant co simply an alliance for the maintenance of oC Great Britain's dominion of ot the seas and the tho perman permanence once of or her conquests ts and annexations In every part of or tho the habitable globe I a ask k you what has Great Britain given s up and what new responsibility does sho Bho assume She gets the Iho German German German Ger Ger- man colonies under a mandate of oC the league Just as effectively aa as if JC they were taken b by direct annexation There Thero is no Ill disposition on her part nor will she hc ever consent conson to abandon her ju- ju u u- u of or the seas She he demands the tho recognition of ot of oC her whoso vho o foreign affairs she sho controls controls controls con con- and which Silo sho will control In all decisions a as members of ot tho tile assembly assembly as as- f on a a. plane o of ot equality with the hit I United States England lan b by the tho terms I of ot tho the peace treat treaty secures secure over 1000 square miles o or of the tho earths earth's surface sur Our face taco In addition to her present hold hold- InS InS' ings American Plan Pl-an Against Again British Do you OU know Imo of or an any reason wh why tho the h league aSue should if lr It is to exist be on the plan of oC the English empire and not on tho the plan plais of ot our American Ideals And If It w He we aro to mako make sacrifices as Lord Robert n Cecil has staled stated stat stat- ed cd i it is our dut duty duly to do is there thero an any reason on Wh why wo we should not riot be permit permitted ted tell to Judge what sacrifices we are arc prepared to make You know that hint the UI IC United d i h be he ruled Mlle b by ln Ington huton ton and by hT London Loudon nt at tb the came amt Iliac flute nUb nn any 1 in |