Show w 0 w A R Y YE E A R S Turks Find German Mi Militarists Their j Match in Murde Murderous ous I Intrigues Co Constanti Constantinople's no nople's pIes pIe's e S Fate ate Twice ivice Hangs in the flop angs in Balance Balane- I i IN Hilarious Lies Spread About Dardanelles i A N T ly Camp Campaign Veiled Leaders Costly Moslem Turn Profiteers Defeats Careful Carefully Starve Stave CONST j 0 N S I N NOPLE 0 P L E Population I t CHAPTER CHATER IV Continued Prom Yesterday i indicated the ic dilemma diemma in which I was ms as placed on my first and nd second second visits visit to the Gallipoli front HAVE VE already I HA doubts doubts as to o whom my s ought ultimately to turn to to-to to toto to the heroic I was J torn J J by bo o was Indeed 11 fighting fighting- U iV A for the thc Lilts V e A v of v his Ius w country w y although w AO in i an unsuccessful an and un- un Turkish defender German militarism wa and the he exaggerated jingoism jin S of the Young Turks or to those who ho were officially for enn f my just enemies cause hut but whom as ag I j did who wilo was responsible for the great crime of the war I could not regard I is las such In suc those September days I had already al- al 01 experience of oC Turkish ready had bad some omo of tho laws saws defiance politics and their of ot humanity ther an and my sympathies y ero thousands of oC fine fino colonial all aU for tor those troops such men as ono seldom Beldam sees last coS colos co- co sacrificing their lives In one S los I 1 attack which if It had bon bOGl prolonged prolonged pro pro- longed oven for tor ano another her hour bour might longed scaled tho fate tate of df the Straits and would have have meant th tho first step towards the overthrow overthrow- o of ot our forces for tho the capture of Constantinople Constantino of oC would have havo been the tho beginning plo not ashamed to confess the end I am ithe the tho that I 1 that was Gorman as am the tho tonly only feeling I had when I 1 heard I-heard of at subsequent British victory victor and the British Brish defeat at The battie battie battle bat bat- desperate tie tle of or was the last attempt to break tile the tte resistance in the Dardanelles of or Stamboul and Anatolia Ana Ann While the men nucleus of at the Ottoman Empire Em Em- tolia tolia-thO tolia tho the defending tho City of the were pire were Ct Caliph at tho the gate of at the Dardanelles regi regiments regi- regi with reinforcements from Cram Arab regI reg- I rents ments wit when they were utterly ex exhausted cx- cx hausted bausted in the autumn the other half haU haI of the metropolis tho the cosmopolitan was trembling for th the Pera Calta Galata Pera of the a attacking Entente troops and nd lived through the he long months In Ina instate continual tension longing a state of at always for tor tho moment of at release There was a great deal of or nervous calculation about the probable attitude of Bulgaria among both the tho Turks and the tho thousands of thoroughly Empire composing corning com corn the Ottoman of at posing ing the population of at the capital also as us asi and Information From lack lacle of at in of Bulgaria's long delay dclay i result declaring h hr at r r attitude an nn undue optimism moment urn ism ruled right up to the last I among niong Im those who desired the overthrow of Cf the Turks I f Turks Hold Bulgarian Allies in Al Mistrust I. I The rho Bulgarian question was as closely closel bound bund up with wih the tho question queston of at tho the mUI munitions mu mU- I supply The Turkish resistance Ion Sn on Gallipoli threatened to collapse through lack of or munitions and general general general gen gen- eral Interest centered with with er very varle va- va ned desires with regard to the tho outcome trains that i on on the rare ammunition t n brought through Rumania only ee after an enormous expenditure of Turkish Turkish Turk Turk- ish bh powers of persuasion and th tho application ap ap- ap- ap of at an any amount of palm oil olL olLI oilI I was present at ul Bahr at the beginning beg of ot July when hen owing owing to lack 1 of ot ammunition the Turkish German-Turkish 4 artillery could coul only reply with wih one shot to every ten British ones while tho tile t insufficiently equipped factories of at Top bane and under the control of ot General Pieper director of at f munitions were werd turning out as many shells hens as was po possible sible with the inferior mat material rial at nt their disposal and and tho the Turkish h fortresses In the Interior had to to send their supply of at often oren very antiquated antiquated an an- ammunition to the Dardanelles Darda Darda- nele nelles The whole dramatic import of the situation which might an any da day give J the rie to making epoch events was only t too evident in Constantinople It I Is not notto i. i to be wondered at that everyone looked 1 forward foward with feverish impatience to Bulgaria's entry either cither on one side or orthe orthe J the other othor But In spite of oC all al this the Turks could scarcely bear the sight of the carce first Bulgarian soldiers who appeared I In autumn 1915 in full ful uniform In tho the streets of ot The necessary surrender of ot the land along alons the Maritza Mariti Marit- Marit i i ra za right to the gates ates of or the holy city of ot was but lit littie little lit lit- lt- lt tie tle te to the liking of or the tho Turkish patriots patriots paw pa- pa and even the successful issue of w the Dardanelles campaign only mado made possible b by Bulgaria's Joining the cen- cen itral trai powers was not sufficient to win the real sympathies of ot the tho Turks for their new allies ales It I was as not until much later that the position was altered alered as ns a result of ot the thc combined fighting In right up to the end of 1916 the thereal reI real short sl sighted short i Jingoistic Turk 9 looked askance at his new ne al ally and f viewed with Irritation and distrust the desecration of his sacred the symbol of his national renaissance while the ambition of all 1 politicians was was to bring Bulgaria one day to a Surrender of OC the lost territory and more Clumsy Hun Diplomat Nearly Loses Bulgaria Even en In 1916 I found Young Turks longing to the committee who v still sUl regarded regard th tho Bulgarians as heir their erst- erst 03 I Awhile cunning too foo and as ns a set pet of oC un- un UI- UI l 1 unsympathetic opportunists I Its tits who might again become a monaco manaco to o them They oven even admitted that tho the re T ero infinitely nicer enemies Ine Inthe in the e Balkan war ar and appealed to them very much more than the Bulgarians Bulgarians The lato Jao Prince Izzedin Effen- Effen MI Jl of whose tragic death I 1 shall speak r was always a a declared opponent of ot tho cession of ot the Maritza territory iff 4 The rIle Te po possibility of at Bulgaria's volun- volun I surrendering this territory and andIo andly Io POsSibly ly much moro more through exten extending her own possessions westward if I Greece Joined the Entente had a n great gret gretI j I deal eal to do with Turkeys Turkey's attitude durn dur- dur cur cur- 1 n ng the tile whole f far to of oC 1916 and nud goes 1008 r why she dallied daled so long over 1 the le Idea Idea of at alienating Greece and u used cd i a Ml ill sorts Borts of at chicanery against tho Ottoman Otto Otto- nan man Jan and Hellenic Greeks In Turkey I SJ Another nother and much moro more Important factor fac- fac t tor or orn r n was as 18 wo we shall see seo fundamental trace Me hatred and avarice J i A Aa tho tiLe question queston as to which aide 1 Bulgaria was as to Join was as of decisive A foment for tor Turkish politics I may J perhaps be permitted to add a n fow ow de- de aBs Lils from personal Information I had hadn n sidelight on the tha German to win over Bul Bulgaria from a rell informed Informed el-Informed In lii Sofia rn Everyne Every Every- ne nl was waa much puzzled over tho the F nt at clumsiness of tho the German embs- embs Idor dor In Sofia Dr In his mission to gain help from tram King Ferdinand of course lade ado ad great glent difficulties and nd R nt Rt a n voY rl stage of the the proceedings 11 he I to the r Ii oft off of and sal said Away ay with wih your our Garman German Gorman Gar Gor dont don't take talo the man Jews Vh Why you ou good French gold Referring of or course to tho the offered French loan The king was cunning cunning- enough h In his own way va but he was a poor politician and utterly vacillating for ho he had no sort of at Ideals to live 1 0 up to and was prompted by a spirit of oC unworthy OPportunism opportunism op OP- op- op and It needed threat of at instant resignation to bring him to a definite decision The transference trans fer ference nce shortly shorty afterwards of at tho the German German Ger Ocr man a ambassador to a northern post strengthened the tho Impression in confidential confidential cont- cont dental circles In iii Sofia Saro that he had been lacking in dh diplomacy lomac Militarists II Make ake Quick Job of the Problem Tho truth was that he had hat received most contradictory instructions from Berlin which did not allow alow him to do dohi dohis dohis his hi utmost to win Bulgaria for the German German Ger Ocr man cause Tho imperial chancellor chancelor seems even on then It then It was after ater the tho great German summer offensive a against Russia Rus Rus- sia to sia-to to have havo given serious consideration tion ton to the possibility of at a separate peace with Russia Russa and was was quite quie c con convinced con con- n- n vinced that Russia would never lay laydon down don arms without having ha humiliated Bulgaria should the latter later prove pro a traitor to tho the Slavic cause cUS and turn against Serbia In diplomatic circles In Berlin this knowledge and the decision decision so 30 naive in view of at all ni their boasted to to to pursue the quito quite illusory dream of at a separate peace with Russia Russia Rus Bus sia seemed to outweigh at any rate for Cor some time anxiety with wih regard to the state of at affairs In Gallipoli and tho the complete lack of at munitions short shortly to tobe tobe tobo be bo expected and lamed their initiative in their dealings with Bulgaria It I Is probably not net generally known that here again the tho military party part as assumed assumed ns- ns the thc lead In politics and took tok the Bulgarian matter mater In III hand themselves themselves In tho the space of no time at all al Bulgaria's Bulgaria's Bulgaria's Bul Bul- garia's entry on the tho German side was an nn accomplished fact It I was Col Cot von van Leipzig the tile German military at tho Constantinople embassy that clinched tho the matter mater at the tho critical moment moment mo mo- ment b by a Journey to Sofia and the whole thing was arranged In less than thana a fortnight fortnight But that Journey cost him his life On the wa way back to the Turkish capital Herr von Leipzig ne one Leipzig ono of at the nicest and and most gentlemanly men that ever wore a gray field uniform uni form visited form torm visited the Dardanelles front and on the tho little Thracian railway station station staton sta sta- tion ton of at he met his death mysteriously Ho He was WS found shot through tho the head in the thc baro bare little waiting room of at this miserable wayside station It I so 80 happened that on n my way to the Dardanelles on that day at the th end of ot June 1915 1916 I passed through this little station n and was WS the solo sole European witness winess of at this tragic event which increased still further the ex- ex n lr Cnn nn stai t ii Pl in these c weeks i s of lack of t ammunition and anti terrible onslaughts against Gallipoli and which had already already al already al- al ready risen to fever fe heat over the nervous ner nor rumors that were going the rounds as to Bulgaria's attitude The Tho To occurrence of course was used by political po political po- po Intriguers for tor their own en ends Manly German Meets Mysterious Death i I wrote roto a warm and truly heartfelt appreciation of at this excellent man and good friend which was published In my mr paper at the tho time and It was not till tl lon long afterwards weeks Ind Indeed ed after after ater aft aft- at- at er m my return that I had an any idea that the tho sudden Rudden death of ot Herr von yon Leipzig on his return from a mission of oC tho highest political importance was looked upon b by the German English anti ant party part as tho the work of J English spies in tho the service of ot Mr Fitzmaurice who was formerly at tho the English embassy In ill Con Constantinople stan t tn i n jil e. e I was an eyo eye witness of at tho the occurrence occurrence occurrence occur occur- rence or rather was beside the colonel a a minute after alel I 1 heard the tho shot and saw tho the holo hole in his revolver holster where the tho bullet had gone through I heard the tho frank evidence of at all al the Turks present from the policeman who had arrived first on tho scene to the staff doctor who camo came hater lator and I 1 immediately immediately im Im- im- im mediately telegraphed to my paper from the scene of or the accident giving thorn thom 0 my impression of the thc affair On m my return to Constantinople I Iwas Iwas Iwas was invited to give evidence under unter oath before the German consulate consulato general and there one ono may find tho written evidence of at what I had to lO a hat say n pure and absolute accident I must not omit to mention menton hero horo that the thc authorities themselves In Jn Constantinople were cro so thoroughly gill convinced that the tho idea of at murder was out of at tho the question queston that Col Coh Col Colon von on Leipzig's Leipzig's Leip Leip- zig's widow who believing this version version ver ver- sion of ot tho the story hurried to Turkey to tomake tomake tomalee make malee her own Investigations had tho the greatest difficulty In being baing officially received b by tho the embassy and consulate I had a long Interview with her in the Pera Peru Palace where She aho Iho complained bitterly of at her treatment in this tills respect respect re respect re- re I r have havo tarried a little ver over this tragic traffic episode as It shows all al the political political po po- po- po ramifications that ran rn to together In the Turkish capital and tho the dramatic dramatic dra dra- matic excitement that prevailed Tho The however when the tho day came en entente en- en tente troops troop first evacuated and and then after aCor a long and protracted struggle ul Bahr and so 50 the entire entro Gallipoli peninsula Tho rho Dardanelles campaign was at an end Turks Tell Tel Hilarious Lies About Abolt Campaign The Tue Impossibility of or ever down that solid Tt Turkish resistance tho the nS sufferings of or tho the practically to lo death In the starved trenches henches durl during tho the cold winter storms torms the difficulties ties tes of obtaining supplies of or provisions drinking water ammunition et etc with witha Wih a frozen sea cea ea and coast lot loty about the superior heavy artillery artiery that thai the enemy kept bringing u up after tho the overthrow of Serbia Serbia everything everything combined to strengthen the entente In their thol decision to put an nn end to the campaign in Gallipoli The Turkish soldiers had now new freo free access to the sea for tor nil all the tho British dreadnoughts and cruisers had disappeared disappeared disappeared the tho warlike activity which had raged for tor months on the tile narrow Gallipoli Gal Gal- peninsula sudden suddenly ceased Austrian Aus Mis- trian hen heavy V and medium howitzers undertook undertook un un- un- un the coast defense and a garrison garrison gar gar- rison neon of at a fow few thousand Turkish soldiers soldiers soldiers sol sol- diers stayed behind in the tue Narrows for forI precautions precaution's sake |