Show DUTIES 0 OF CITIZEN colonel roosevelt lectures on this subject in paris BIG AUDIENCE IN SORBONNE savants savanis Sa professors Profeta ors and students student hear the ex presidents views on an the responsibilities of the individual hits at race suicide in france paris april 23 savants savanis Sa professors land and students of the university of parts crowded tho the assembly ball of the sorbonne Sor bonno this his afternoon to hear bear cot co theodore roosevelt lecture on citizenship in a Ite republic publIc it wits was an ap audience and the lecturer w was a frequently applauded mr roosevelt said foundations foundation of our republic this was tho the most famous city of medieval europe nt at a time when no one dreamed that there was a new world to discover its service to the causo cause of human knowledge already stretched far back into tho the remote past at the time when my forefathers three centuries ago when among the sparse bands of traders plowmen wood choppers and sher fisher roll who in it a hard struggle scrugg 10 wl with th the iron unfriendliness of the indian I 1 adf an haunted land were laying the tz foundations unda or of what has now become the giant republic of the west to conquer a continent to tame the shaggy roughness of wild nature means meana grim warfare and the generations engaged in it cannot keep still less add to the stores of garnered wisdom which were therein and which are still in the hands of their brethren who dwell in the old land to conquer the wilderness dorness wIl means to wrest victor victory Y from rom tho the some balma hostile forces with which mankind struggled in the th immemorial infancy of our race the primeval conditions must be met by bj primeval qualities which are incompatible with the retention of much that has haa been painfully acquired red by humanity at as through the ages it has striven upward toward civilization an fn n conditions so BO primitive there can bo be but ft building the higher life As the country grows its ita people who have won success in so BO many lines lined turn back to try to recover the possessions of the mind and tho the spirit which or perforce perfo ico their fathers threw aside in order better to wager the first rough battles for the he continent their children inherit the tha lenders leaders of thought and of nation grope their way forward ton to a new life realizing borlie times dimly clear sighted 1 ly that the life of material pain gain whether for a nation or an individual Is of value only na as a foundation only is as there la Is added to it the uplift that co comes mes from devotion to loftier ideals the new life thus sought can in part bo be developed dov eloped afresh from what whar la Is round about in tho the new world but it can be developed in full only by freely drawing upon the treasure houses of the old world upon the tha treasures stored in the ancient abodes of wisdom and learning such as this where I 1 today it la Is a mistake for tiny filly nation merely to copy another but it Is an even greater mistake it Is a proof of weakness in any nation not to be anxious to learn from another and willing and able to adapt that learning to the new na national conditions and make it fruitful and productive therein it ls Is for us of the new world to sit at t the feet of the gamaliel la mallel of tile tho old then it if we have the right stuff in us no wo we can show that paul in tits turn can become a teacher ns as well as a scholar today I 1 shall speak to you on the object ot of individual citizenship the one subject of vital importance to you my hearers and to mo me and my coun trumen try nion because you and we are aitt tens gens of nat grat democratic republics A democratic republic such ns no each of bursan ours an effort to realize in its full sense rise government by of and for the people represents tho the most moat gigantic of oil all possible social experiments tho the one fraught with greatest grea toBt possibilities mike alike for good and for evil great lesson of trance orance franco france his has taught nany lessons to lo other nations surely of the most important la Is the lesson her whole history cry teaches that a high artistic ani literary development la Is compatible with notable leadership in arms and states craft tho the brilliant gallantry of the french soldier has for many centuries been proverbial and during these same centuries at every court in europe tho the free masons of fashion have hare treated the french tongue as their common speech while every artist and man of letters and every man of science ethic able to appreciate that mar clous instrument of precision french prose inose has turned towards france for lid aid and inspiration ilow how long the leadership in arms and letters has lasted Is curiously illustrated by the fact that the earliest masterpiece in modern tongue Is the splendid french epic which tells of rolands doom and the vengeance of charlemagne when the lords of the prankish frankish host w were ere stricken trick C n nt at vallea need of individual character let those who haap have keep lot let those who he have not strive to attain a bilgo standard of cultivation and scholarship yet let us remember that these stand second to certain other things there to Is need of a sound body and even more need 0 of f a sound mind dut but above mind and above body stands character the sum of those qualities which we mean when wo we speak we of a mans force and courage of his good faith and sense of honor I 1 believe in exercise of tile the body always provided that wo we keep in mind that physical development la Is a means and not an end I 1 believe of course in giving to nil all the people a good education D but ut the education must contal contain 1 i much be sides book learning in order or der to lie be really good we must ever remember that no keenness and subtleness of intellect no polish no cleverness in any way make up for the lack of great solid qualities self restraint self mas tery common sense the power of ae ac individual responsibility and yet of acting in conjunction with others ot liera con courage rage and resolution theo theae are the qualities q ua attles which mark a masterful people without them no people can control contro I 1 t itself e 1 or save eave itself tia df from being c controlled 0 n t r 0 1 e from the outside I 1 speak to a brilliant assemblage I 1 speak in a great university which represents the th flower of the highest intellectual development f I 1 pay all homage to intellect and to elaborate and specialized training ot of the intellect and yet I 1 know I 1 shall have the assent of all you yon present when I 1 add that more important still are the commonplace mon place everyday every day qualities a and 11 d virtues the ev evlog ile of sherill sterility y to in the place the good good man should bo be both a strong and a brave man that Is he should be ablo able to lie be should be able to serve his country aa a soldier it if the need arises there are well meaning philosophers eis who declaim against the unrighteous ress cesa 0 of war they are right only they lay all their emphasis upon the unrighteousness war Is a dreadful thing and unjust war la Is a crime against humanity dut but it Is such a crime because it Is unjust not b because cause it to Is war the choice must ever be in favor of righteousness and this whether the alternative be whether the alternative be war the question must not be merely Is there to be pence peace or war the question must bo be la Is the right to prevail are the great brent laws iowa of righteousness once more to be fulfilled and the answer from a strong and virile people I 1 must be yes whatever the c cost oil t livery ivery honorable effort should always b be a made by the individual in private life ato to keep dileep out of a brawl to keep out of trouble but no self respecting adl victual no self respecting nation can or ought to submit to wrong finally even more important than ban ability to work even more important than ability to fight at need Is it to remember that the chief of blessings for any nation is that it shall leave its seed to the land it was the crown of blessings in biblical times and it la Is the crown of blessings bles ings now the greatest of 0 all curses la the curse ot of sterility and the severest of all condemnations should bo be that visited upon wilful sterility the first essential in any civilization Is that the man and tho the woman shall be father and mother of healthy children so that the race shall increase and not nor decrease it this Is not so if through no fault of society thero there Is failure to increase it Is a great misfortune if the failure Is due to dellb deliberate crate and wilful fault then it Is not at merely mere li y a misfortune it la Is one of those thos e crimes of ease and self indulgence of shrink ing from pain anil and effort and risk which in the long run nature puns punishes bes more heavily than any other idle achievements it we of the great republics it if we the free people who claim to have emancipated ourselves from the ahral dom of throng and error bring down on oil our fiends the curse that comes upon the tha wilfully barren then it will bo be an idle waste of fit breath to prattle of our achievements to boast of all that we have done no refinement of 0 life no delicacy of taste no material progress no sordid heaping up of ri chesno r sensuous development of art and literature can in any way compensate for the loss of the preat great fundamental virtues and of the great fundamental virtues the greatest Is the races power to perpetuate the race hut but it a mans efficiency Is not guided find and regulated by a moral sense sonie then the more efficient ho he Is the worse he is in the more dangerous to the body politic courage intellect till all the masterful qualities serve but to make a roan man morn more evil if they are used merely for that mans own advancement with brutal indifference to the rights of others it speaks ill for the community it the community worships these qualities and treats their possessors ses us its heroes regardless of whether tho the qualities are buzed rightly or wrongly it makes no difference as to tho the precise way in which this isings sinister efficiency eni clency ts Is shown it makes no difference whether such a mans mana force and ability betray themselves in the career of money maker or politician soldier or orator journalist or lar leader if the man works for evil then the more successful he fie Is the more lie he should about be despised and condemned by all upright and farseeing men to judge a man merely by success la Is nn an abhorrent wrong and it if the peo people pleat at large habitually so judge men if they grow to condone wickedness because the wicked man triumphs they show their inability to understand that in the lat last analysis free institutions rest upon the character of citizenship and that by admiration of evil they prove themselves unfit for liberty I 1 the idea of true liberty the good citizen will d demand liberty tor for himself and as a matter of pride he will see to it that others etheri receive the liberty which lie he thus claims as his own probably the best test of true love of liberty in any country Is tho the way in which minorities are treated in that country not only should there be complete liberty in matters of religion and opinion but complete liberty for each man to lead big life as he destros desires provided only that in so BO doing ho he does not wrong his neighbor persecution Is bag bad because it Is persecution and without reference to which side happens at the moment to be the persecutor and which the persecuted class hatred la Is bail bad unjust in just the same way and without tiny iny regard to the individual who at a given time substitutes substitute is loyalty to a class for loyalty to the nation or substitutes utes lites hatred of men because the they happen to come in a certain social category for judgment awarded them according to their conduct remember always that the samo same measure of condemnation should be extended to the arrogance which would look town down upon or crush any man because he Is and to the envy and hatred which would destroy a man because ho he li Is wealthy the overbearing bru bality of the man ot of wealth or power and the envious and hateful malice directed against wealth or power are really at root merely different manifestations fe fv of 0 the same quality merely the two sides oi of the same shield the man who it if born to wealth and I 1 power exploits and ruins his less fortunate brethren Is at heart the came me as aa the greedy and violent dema gogue who excites those who have not property to plunder those who have ot of one man in especial beyond anyone else the citizens of a republic should beware and that Is of the man who appeals to them to sup rort byrt him on the ground that he la Is hostile to other citizens ot of the republic that he will secure for those who elect him in one shape or another profit at the expense of other citizens of the republic it makes no difference n whether hea appeals to class hatred ci 0 class clasa 1 al l the man who makes such an appeal should always be presumed to make it tor for the sake of furthering his own interest the very thing that an intelligent und and self respecting member bembe r of a democratic community should not do into lalo reward any public man because that public man says he will get the private citizen something to which this private citizen Is not entitled or will gratify some emotion or animos ity which this private citizen ought not to possess it if a public man tries to get your vote by saying that he will do some thing wrong in your interest yo you it ca can it be absolutely certain that it if ever it becomes worth his while he will do something wrong against your interest france and the united states and now my host a word in parting you and I 1 belong to the only two great republics among the great powers ot of the world the ancient arleu phlp between F france rance and the united states has been on the whole a si sincere nere and disinterested friendship A calamity to you would be a sorrow to us but it would be more than that in the seething turmoil of tho the history of humanity certain nations stand out as possessing it a peculiar power or charm some special gift ot of beauty or wisdom of strength which puts puta them cheru among the immortals which makes them rank forever with the lenders leaders of mankind france la Is ono one of the nations for her to sink would be a loss to all the world there are certain lessons of brilliance and of gallantry that she can teach better than any of her sister nations when the french peasantry sang of malbrook halbrook Mal brook it was waa to tell how the soul of this warrior foo foe took flight u upward through the tha laurels he bo had won nearly seven centuries ago froissart Pro lasart writing of a time of dire d disaster said that ahe the realm of france was never so stricken that there were not loft left men who would valiantly fight for it you have had a great past I 1 believe that you will have a great future long iong I ong may you tou carry yourselves proudly as citizens of a nation which bears a lending leading part in the teaching and uplifting of mankind |