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Show CHIEF TOPICS AND SPEAKERS AT CONFERENCE RESOURCES FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURAL OR KOCH OBTAINS NEW LIGHT ON 8TRANGE MALADY. At the 'German Scientist, Now in This Conn. try, 8aye Dread African Dlaease May Be Communicated Like Other Infections. New York. New light on Resources Conference 1 1 II IV I I L'l m 1 MISSOURI TEACHER LONELY ARCTIC UiL gOINb SLE. of Eaklmo, Ing I self Aloof from It n,! Hava Progressed, but Do Know Theres a Worn h Macon, Mo. Dr. Rudolph M son, who for the last two years h cupled the chair of physiology Military academy, has gone to7' York, where he Joined the staff 7! American Museum of Natural Hl The express purpose In Dr. Ani aligning himself with the muaeto to take charge of an expeditions cate an unknown tribe of Esq? on a small Island In the Arctic Dr. Anderson's associate In conn? will be Dr. Stefansson, also ot museum staff. The balance ol ! company will be natives of thC north. A voyage lasting two years hy planned. If successful the gentw will devote a large part of their? to the study of the lost tribe, the?! guage and their manner of living will endeavor to bring hack with tfet some of the members, together large a collection of objects Dim? Ing their forms of worship, method, bunting and of living as Is possible! thut strange malady which attacks the dwellers In the dark continent, the "sleeping sickness" of Africa, was ob talned by Dr. Robert Koch, the distinguished German scientist, who arrived here a few days ago after a long time spent in the German colonies ol Africa, where be had gone for tin purpose of making a study of tbt singular disease. This scourge is now attracting the attention of the eutlre medical world It is estimated that in Uganda alone fully 100,000 have succumbed to it within a few years. Dr. Koch worked for mote than o year in the Infected districts, striving with the dogged determination of hla race to solve what 1ms now come to lo recognized as the most urgent ol all the problems of tropical medicine. The report of the Gorman commission of which he was the head Includes the ominous suggestion that or "sleeping sick; trypanosomiasis, ness," as It Is more commonly known) muy be communicated like other Infectious diseases. One suggestion advanced by Dr. Koch was the extermination of the crocodile. The tsetze fly. which carries the Infection to man, feeds on this "This lighthearted proposisaurian. tion to wipe out the crocodile," says the Journal of Tropical Medicine f W Inhabitants, a Race White House May 13 1 14 13 Natural III ' J transport. , No white man has ever met g member of this Isolated tribe, and knowledge of Its existence comes l Esquimaux picked up here and toby whaling vessels. From these gathered that the Islanders are 1 orously exclusive set, but that ? have advanced beyond other trihj their skill In making Implement? the chase and In the construction their habitations. Whether the tnt th R rrZT9 Some of the Chief Talkers Topics Under . Discussion (All from stereographs, copyright, 1908, by Underwood & Underwood, New Tork.) Ingenious news Photograph, showing at a glance a most remarkable, epoch-makin- g civilization. conference, the first of Ite kind In the hletory In the center, Mr. Roosevelt. In the Inner circle about him, beginning at the tow nd passing from left to right, are Speaker Cannon, Forestry Chief Plnchot, Root. General Meyer, John Haya Hammond, president of the American Institute of Mining Engineers; Senator La Follette, Senator Knox and Secretary In tha outer circle, beginning at the top, John Mitchell, Seth Low, Samuel Goinpers, Setrelary Cortelyou, Gov Folk of Missouri, Justice Moody of the supreme court. Gov. Haskell of Oklahoma, Gov. Curry of New Mexico, William J. Bryan, Andrew Carnegie, James Wilson, secretary of agriculture; Cov. Hughes and lnneola- - Dn the margin are pictured mining, cattle raising, railroading, farming, river transportation, manufacturing, building material and' t-- Post-rnast- er Dr. Robert Koch, "does not seriously commend Itself to us. Frankly, we do not see how It can be done. Every tropical sportsman knows that the crocodile Is one of the most difficult animals to destroy, and every naturalist Is aware that Its powers of reproduction are so enormous and Its habits such as to make It extremely doubtful If Its de struction could he effected In even the most highly civilized lands." Sir Patrick Manson, who Is recognized as an authority on this scourge, says that in the days of the slave trade many poor wretches died ol sleeping sickness during the voyage across the Atlantic. Nor were the slaves safe after landing In America or in the West Indies. Months, some times a year, afterward, and after a long spell of apparent good health, sleeping sickness would develop In some of the plantation hands and run its usual fatal course. Rut and this is a remarkable and significant circumstance the disease never spread to those negroes who had been born In America or the West Indies and who had never been to Africa. Not long after the opening up ol the Interior of the Park Continent, and apparently tn consequence of the resulting Increased Intercommunication, sleeping sickness began to extend Its endemic area, especially so In the dlrectlou of the Upper Congo ' hnsln and toward the Portuguese colonies to .the south of the Congo. Gradually It crept up the great rlvei until It got as far as Stanley Falla and now the rlveralne villages over e a part of the Congo Free State, villages In which the disease was for merly unknown, are only too familiar with this terrible scourge. The disease was originally discovered by Col. Rruce of the Rrltlsh Army medical department. It Is now known that It Is caused by an animal parasite called trypanosoma, which Is carried by a special kind of tsetze fly. The natives are quite indifferent to fly bites, and when once trypanosoma Is Introduced Into (fie districts where these flies abound they die like rotten sheep. Europeans brush off the flies, and hence seldom fall a prey to the sleeping sickness. The tsetze fly is a llttlo bigger than the ordinary Its ravages have long house fly. been familiar to all who have to do with what Is called the tselze belt In South Africa, a region In which no horses or cattle can live. During his Investigations In South Africa, Dr. Koch was under commisDr. sion by the Gorman government. Koch took with him a staff of expert and chemists and bacteriologists, lived In the heart of the Infected districts. Ills Investigations there are not complete, and he will probably return to Africa as soon as his year's . tour of the world Is over, , la-g- ANDERJON forestry When the conference of governors states and men distinguished In political life of the nation met at the White House In Washington, May in behalf of the preservation of the country's natural resources, the strangest, and, perhaps, the most Important convention ever held In the capitol was inaugurated. Among those Invited to attend by President Roosevelt himself were members of the cabinet, Judges of the supreme court of the United States, governors of all the states tn the union, Including the executives of Alaska and Hawaii, and Andrew Carnegie, William Jennings Bryan, James J. Hill, the railroad magnate; John Mitchell, the labor leader, and prominent scientists and business men from all over the country. . Political differences, opposing Issues of national questions and business rivalry were laid aside to discuss the ways and means of conserving the natural resources of the country. President Roosevelt opened the convention with an exposition of the why and wherefore of the conference and an outline of hla views of the matter. While on tits trip dow the Mississippi river last fall, with the governors of 16 states, under the auspices of the Inland Waterways association, be is said to have obtained the nucleus of the Idea which resulted In the present conference. It will be remembered that President Roosevelt on that trip expressed the opinion that the question of the conservation of the natural resources of the country was of more Importance than the regulation of the rate question. A number of papers, prepared at the president' request, were read and dlBcussed. Janies J. Hill, the railroad king, spoke on "Relations Detween Rail and water Transportation." His paper dealt with such subjects as the growth of rail transportation. Its distribution and extent of systems, host and present value, traffic and earning capacity, estimated cost of the cultivation of trees for railroad ties and their preservation, Increasing railways to meet prospective requirements, etc. Regarding water transportation Mr. Hill dealt with Us cost, present facilities, relation to rail transportation, pressing lines of- development, regulation by business Interests or by law. Influence of cheapened transportation on production, etc. Under the general head of land resources, Prof, T. C. Chamberlain of the University of Chicago, In a paper on "Soil," dealt with Its origin, natenrichural products, progressive ment, effects of cultivation, erosion, and general estimates of loss to the country through needlessly reduced of fertility and decreased production. The question of "Forests was expounded by R. A. Long, president of the Long-Bel- l Lumber company of Kansas City, Mo., who explained their early use and destruction, present extent and value, rate of consumption, estimated duration, prospective prices of forest products, the influence of forests on soil, ground water and springs, rivers, floods and low water, waterway improvement and navigation, and the relation between forest control and crop production, commerce and population. Dr. George W, Kobef of Washington In a paper on Sanitation" spoke of the development of systems of community water supply, relation between purity and clarity of water for community supply, mortality and disease due to Impure water, and the action required In the Interests of the public health. "Reclamation." by Hon. George C. Pardee of Oakland, Cal., dealt with the extent of arid and seml-arlregions, development and extent of Irrigation, growth of concepts concernand water as a basis ing water-right- s of property, Influence of Irrigation on commerce, production, population, consumption of water and other resources, reclamation and stream control by drainage, and extent of swamp and overflow lands and increased value available by drainage, protection and flood prevention. Judge Joseph H. Carey of Cheyenne, Wyo., in a paper on "Land Lawa," dealt with their early policy of disposal, transfer under state charters, especial grants, etc., development, effect of creation of national parks, forests and other reserves, advantages of making this a nation of homes and home owners, state and federal action i , required, etc. Hon. H. A. Jastro, president of the National Lire Stock association of Bakersfield, Cal., delivered a paper on He "Grazing and Stock Raising." treated on the development of the Industries in the United States, their extent and value, grazing in the arid and seml-arlregions, methods and results, comparative cost and profit and relation between stock raising and commerce. Under the general head of mineral resources, Dr. I. C. White, state geologist of West Virginia, In speaking of mineral fuels, dealt with the coal fields of the United States, methods of mining, losses in mining, estimated duration of present methods of mining and use, Improvements in mining and use, connection with coal production and transportation, relation between coal and other resources, petroleum and rock gas and possible substitutes for fuel. Andrew Carnegie spoke on "Ores d and Related Minerals," their production In the United States, price, estimates of available quantity, duration of supply, processes of mining and quarrying and probable consequences of exhaustion of standard minerals. On May 12 President Roosevelt entertained at dinner the cabinet, the members of the supreme court, the governors and the other more distinguished guests. Gifford Plnchot. chief of the forestry division, gave a reception to the governors and the Inland Waterways association on May 14. On the afternoon of May 15 Mrs. Roosevelt gave a garden party on the White House grounds for all the delegates to the convention. At the various hotels In Washington arrangements were made for smaller receptions and dinners. All of the governors who accompanied President Roosevelt on his Mississippi river trip last fall were present. They are: Comer of Alabama, Broward of Florida, Deneen of Illinois, Cummins of Iowa, Hock of Kansas, Blanchard of Louisiana. Folk of Missouri, Shelton of Nebraska, Cuny of New Mexico. Burke of North Dakota, Frantz of Oklahoma, Chamber-laiof Oregon, Davidson of Wisconsin and Brooks of Wyoming. That the conference attracted worldwide Interest was evidenced by the fact that many of the foreign dlplo-mat- s at Washington followed the affairs of the convention closely. Those who were In close touch with the conference arrangements declare they have never known another move-men- t wnlch has been greeted with such quick and enthusiastic popular approval. An Indication of public opinion was afforded by the great mass of correspondence which poured Into the White House on this subject. Organizations of all sorts expressed realization of the greatness of the n your conclusion that the conservatlo of the natural resources of our countr presents a problem demanding th best thought ot our times Is superfli ous. We havt been exploiting ou resources with no thought of the moi row, and the claims of posterity upoi us should certainly be taken into at count" In hts letter of Invitation to th conference President Roosevelt said: There is no other question not before the nation of equal gravit; with the question of conservation 0 our natural resources, and It Is th plain duty ot us who, for the moment are responsible, to take Inventory c the natural resources which have beei handed down to us, to forecast th needs of the future, and so handle th great sources of our prosperity a not to destroy In advance all hope c the prosperity of our descendants." The need for such a conference illustrated by a few facts vouched fo by Investigators. Government expert say that between 300,000.000 and 400 000,000 tons of coal were lost In 190 by penny wise and pound foollsl methods, and that the total so waste since the beginning of the Industr Is 50,000,000.000 tons. Millions upoi millions of horsepower are going t waste through failure t utilize and conserve the properly waterpower 0 the United States, The construction of reservoirs a the sources of streams In which floo waters may be stored to be release at periods of low water Is expocte not only to keep the waters at a cor tlnuous lavel, but prevent the destrut tlon of property by floods, malntali constant levels for navigation and t develop water power. At the present rate or timber ror sumption it Is estimated that the prlc of every kind of lumber will be abm, double the present price only one di cade from 1 to-da- political parties wish to ralsi sue Is Indicated by the attltud Democratic leaders. Both Wi Bryan and Gov. John A. leading candidates for the Dei presidential nomination, wr President Roosevelt expressli approval. Equally emphatic ment, It is understood, has bee by Grover Cleveland. Mr. letter to the president read: ly appreciate your kind Invlta shall take pleasure In atteni conference on the conservatloi ural resources. I am, I beg t you, In hearty sympathy with pose of the conference, and I doubt that the discussion of Ject .will be very helpful to us Gov. Joh letter read: "ui crease In the United th Stated th hBt hns ln ,h coujs, last Bcore of years at vA .. e De h more or to be mined, In the United States thnra Of 175.000.000 acre, of land susceVlhl OOo!OOOaacareanoflW(ar,!atl0n nd E0 hlch may he made which have ton strlcted grazing e nearly pin-poi- Big Demand for Farm Hortee G. K. Holmes, chief of the division foreign markets of the department igrlculture, has found that tbs w? mobile has replaced about W horses In this, country up to the pr, snt time, and farm horses havef 4t been In such great demand deffl the present moment.- In fact, for horses for farm and other ness uses has become stronger stronger during the last two or years, the farm horses alone In lanuary 1, 1908, numbering than 19,992,000 In round numbers ti ui Toilet Club for Doge. There has recently been of one of Londons fashionable itf ' toilet club for dogs. There the of the smart sot con have their dressed and their coats trimmed ( r oJS' lJJ8.p0rtlon wITtlX KdVhtsrr' SoEr ,l men from the mainland will be ahSt converse with them Is a question b future solution, and there is era i more Important problem whether 4 hermit kingdom will permit their rtj Itora to land. , Of course the voyagers will to them with the outstretched hand d friendship, and will endeavor in err way possible to win their goodv 'Then will come the Interesting feitn of their mission making them nndc stand that there Is a great onto: world beyond their little lttei ln the own which Is only a Dr. Anderson and Dr. Stefansson r stalwart Norsemen, Inured to the ha( chips of a cold climate, and thomf at home on snowshoes and k sledges. They will leave New i roon for Edmonston, British Colunis From Edmonston they will vorag down (which means northwest) tk Mackenzie river to Ilcischel MuS at the mouth of the river. This p them Into the Arctic ocean. Theye( pect to get their supplies, dogJBt( sledges on the Island, and will UKj arrange for their native company. b The next part of the Journey will made on a whaling vessel to the of the Copper Mine river. From tktf 4 they will cruise along the coast to small Island beyond Trines Albc, Island. On this small Island they e l . pect to find the queer tribe that aware it Is lost. The museum wishes authentic lute) mat lon regarding these faraway pop"! for the purpose of building up posit e group of all the human and1 mal spoclca of the world, and trate the methods of living, of rellg1 and of warfare of every clasi K P pie. Mp" Immaculate perfection. For fhr ' lings they can be bathed. ,lfJ teeth are Imperfect they can be P or extracted, and If their clawi trude too far they can be dnlnU'f v loured. |