Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS crack down on ga s in europe aid falls short of needs U S sets foreign loan terms EDITORS MOTE when opinions are r expressed in these columns they lire are those of western newspaper union n sews analysts and not necessarily of this his t newspaper ARMY AR discipline with the low state of discipline leading to loss of respect for american authority by the enemy and injury to our reputation among the allies gen joseph T U S commander in europe ordered all unit commanders command lers to jack up on personnel citing the rapid demobilization and dissolution of tried battle groups declared that makeshift units possess none of the pride of the veteran outfits and officers do not have the same traditional attachment to their men as they would have for those regularly re under them listed six indications of a deterioration of army discipline in euph ii including participation in blab and drunkenness without leave the imposing automobile accident rate excessive venereal disease infection lack of smartness in appearance and conscientious observance of military courtesy and complaining attitudes toward top authority OVERSEAS RELIEF aid set up to provide relief for war stricken areas the united nations relief and rehabilitation administration furnished 4 million tons of supplies costing almost aln N million dollars PA up to december 31 1945 but help extended constitutes tit utes only a drop in the bucket compared to overall over all requirements quire ments president tru mans release of a report of famine activities came as committee poster the combined U S british and canadian food board allotted the international agency tons of cereals from its grain pool while director laguardia had asked for tons AU al 4 food experts were unable to gi 9 is requests in view of the ne e other people not fed by his organization with the U S and britain providing the bulk of the funds distributions to december 31 1945 included country tons value dollars dollar s greece yugoslavia czechoslovakia poland china italy albania noo oooo ukrainian SS R Dode canese islands 1588 others totals concern over the feeding fee ling of the worlds hunger hit areas was heightened by a U S weather bureau report that rain was sorely n ne rd d in some sections of the g gi af Vr plains wheat growing states jfe department of agricultures agri cultures forecasts of another bumper crop were to materialize Z 16 A X CM N A ae V pointing up herbert hoovers statement that 30 million european children are in need of extra food these italian youngsters beg photographer to for bread boy at left tries to sell peanuts to obtain ioney money for purchasing cereals U S CREDIT name naine conditions while the U S was determined to demand free trade in eastern europe as a condition for granting russia a one billion dollar loan a 90 million dollar advance was made to soviet dominated poland on the stipulation that free and unhampered elections would be held to name a representative democratic government for the country of the 90 million dollar loan to poland 40 million will be used for the purchase of american coal cars and locomotives to facilitate the movement of fuel to western europe and the balkans the U S state department disclosed the remainder of the credit will be ap applied plied against polands bolands Po lands acquisition of I 1 surplus property in europe besides requiring the conduct of free elections the U S obtained polands bolands Po lands agreement not to discriminate against american nationals and trade and to properly compensate U S citizens and corporations whose property has been taken over or nationalized U S demands on russia for free trade in eastern europe in exchange for a one billion dollar loan followed tha soviets quick postwar maneuvering ver ing to bring the region under their economic domination under a five year pact with hungary joint russo hungarian navigation oil aviation bauxite and aluminum companies were set up while a similar deal with romania resulted in formation of russo ro manian bank oil navigation and aviation enterprises in some in instances the soviets equities consist of concessions or axis property claimed as reparations short term barter agreements also were negotiated with poland yugoslavia czechoslovakia finland bulgaria romania and hungary involving substantial amounts of raw and finished material ripping into the soviets eastern european deals the U S has protested on the grounds that no permanent peace treaties have yet been drawn as a basis of negotiations the major allies pledged themselves to work together for rebuilding ex enemy countries and composition of joint companies can be implemented to exclude other nations from participating in economic enterprises ITALY fascist underground theft of the remains of benito mussolini from a potters field near milan pointed up the undercover activities tivi ties of fascist forces in italy bitter foes of the comm communist anist socia socialist list bloc 11 II duces followers have been working quietly in the immediate postwar period seeking to capitalize on complaints of cumbersome democratic processes and foster sentiment for renewed authoritarian rule when body was dug up from an unmarked grave and carried off with a boot with part of a rotted leg left to lie behind a note extolling 11 II duce and signed democratic fascist party was placed near the burial plot in lyrical style the note read the time will come in which benito mussolini in his coffin kissed by our sun will parade through the streets of italy and all the roses of the world and all the tears of our women will not be enough to give extreme greetings of the country to this great son according to some estimates no less than italians are said to be members of the secret SAM Squad re dA mussolini organization which has been most active in the northern section of the country consisting of personnel of former fascist military units the SAM work in units of from 25 to 10 50 persons with instructions to check political activity and infiltrate into parties and foment discord c RAIL WRECK big toll in the worst train wreck since 1944 when two sections of the southern pacific collided near great salt lake utah and 48 persons were killed the Burling tons exposition flyer plowed into the rear of the stalled advance flyer in naperville Nap erville ill to take a toll 0 of f approximately 48 dead with over injured running on the same track three minutes apart the two crack trains crashed when the advance flyer pulled up to a stop for its crew to investigate a flash of flame from beneath one of the coaches though an automatic caution signal went on feet to the east and a danger dancer signal beamed 1100 feet from the stalled train the engineer of the exposition flyer was unable to brake his charging diesel in time to avoid the crash though engineer W W blaine 68 of galesburg ill himself suffered only a face cut many passengers were killed when his big locomotive ripped into the last steel coach on the advance flyer and the impact buckled the diner ahead of it and overturned two other cars despite the heavy toll of life taken in the wreck there have been worse train disasters in the U S among the worst persons were killed in an accident near nashville tenn in 1918 86 96 near wellington wash in 1910 and 79 near philadelphia pa in 1943 RYE futures soar with may rye hovering at the a bushel mark and daily future transactions running far above prewar levels the chicago board of trade was scheduled to undertake its second investigation of dealings in the commodity to ascertain it if any operator or group possessed a corner having failed to uncover a corner after a probe several months ago the board renewed its invest investigation by ordering all members to report accounts with open positions holdings for speculation hedging and spreading were to be listed and complete information furnished on long and short positions because may rye carries no ceiling observers said that the high prices the grain commands reflect supply and demand against the a bushel figure in the open market the new crop was selling around the a bushel ceiling CONVICTS EX states guidance thirty nine states are now participating in a nationwide nation wide system designed to aid rehabilitation of the paroled convict who wants to start life over in a new environment the council of state governments reports the compact was designed not only to aid rehabilitation of those with criminal records but also to stop commuting criminals from taking advantage of the devices affording protection by state lines the compact blocks efforts of criminals to seek shelter in states beyond the realm of their crimes by authorizing out of state officers to retake any person on probation or parole for that purpose the compact specifies no formalities will be required other than establishing the authority of the officer and the identity of the person to be re taken states not yet participating in this reciprocal system are georgia kentucky mississippi missouri nevada north carolina south sout h carolina south dakota and texas typical example of the work of these administrators is provided in connecticut where full fledged operation of the compact has b been een in effect just a year under the system a parolee in oregon may choose to establish a new life in connecticut where employment or family ties attract him first the oregon compact administrator asks the like officer in connecticut to investigate the parolees proposed environment and opportunities for congenial livelihood if the parolee is allowed to live in the latter state its agency then takes over the duties of supervising his rehabilitation close ordination coordination co of agencies acting in this reciprocal program is furthered by the interstate compact administrators association cia tion representing all participating states movement of all interstate probation and parole cases is constantly observed SUBSIDIES cost per person with congress considering the elimination of food subsidies economists figured that the annual expenditures tures of billion dollars for such payments to hold down living costs amount to 3 cents per day per person estimating that an american family of three paid for food in 1945 the economists computed that the government laid out an additional 2749 in subsidies or per person elimination of subsidies and passing of production costs to consumers would result in an increase of 6 per cent in the market basket it was said removal of subsidies from farmers returns would cut their income about 11 per cent in revising the price control bill the house voted for the elimination of food subsidies by january 1 with expenditures reduced 25 per cent each 45 days senate approval must yet be obtained with disagreement resulting in conferences between the two chambers to iron out differences BANKING no failures for the first calendar year in history no american bank failed during 1945 records of the federal deposit insurance corporation for the past year reveal that no bank depositor in the united states experienced a loss from a bank failure the number of bank failures is always small during a period when bank assets are increasing rapidly and the national income is high according to the but record was unique the did purchase the assets of one american bank which were not suitable for bank investment in order that that bank might merge with another banking institution but the loss fro from m this operation was small records of the for the year show that the liquidation of assets acquired by through bank suspensions and mergers progressed satisfactorily of the 26 disbursed by the in its 12 years of insuring depositors in banks which had closed or merged more than had been recovered by the by the end of last year actual losses in cases that have been finally terminated came to about and the has reserves of to cover additional losses records revealed DIPLOMACY four power meet heet settlement of the ticklish yugoslav claims to italian trieste loomed as the foreign ministers of the U S britain russia and france met in paris in an an attempt to iron out complex compla political and economic questions holding up the formulation of peace treaties for former axis satellites As byrnes bevin molotov and bidault met to speed up the con K bevin byrnes and molotov elusion of terms their deputy foreign ministers who had foundered over a majority of the issues happily advanced a solution to the trieste problem A agreeing to settle territorial claims on the basis of residential nationalities the deputies recommended commended rc italis retention of italian populated trieste and surrender to yugoslavia of yugo settled land nearby the vi tal port disposition of trieste was only one of the knotty problems facing the big four in drawing 0 terms for italy one of the prin principal cipal bones of contention center centered ed in dussias Rus sias demands for trusteeships trustee ships over italis north african colonies situated along britaina Brit ains mediterranean lifeline to the far east with britain re resisting sistina the reds claims out of an unwillingness to establish the soviets in a arate strategic abc position along the imperial lifeline the U S advanced a compromise under which the colonies would be placed under a united nations trusteeship cigarettes hike prices in granting increases in the price of cigarettes claar ettes OPA declared that rising manufacturing costs necessitated the boosts to assure producers of earnings equal to prewar levels while manufacturers were allowed a 25 cent raise per 1000 cigarettes retailers wlee permitted to hike the prices a half cent a pack on multiple sales of two tour four six etc packs and five cents on a carton of 10 where sale sala of cigarettes through vending machines is permissible an increase of one cent a pack was granted allowed primarily on sales of multiple packs offered at cut rates the price increases were not extended to single packs released by western newspaper union |