Show Ille ekly news aws analysis make bid for early ratification of united nations pact in senate EDITORS NOTE wio when opinions opinion AT r expressed in these columns they r those choit ol of western newspaper union cew analysts and oat not necessarily of this tail newspaper UNITED NATIONS pact to senate with indications of overwhelming approval the senate moved to consider ratification of the united nations postwar security organization w with I 1 t h none of the bitter debate elpe expected acted which marked the rejection of the league of nations after world war 1 I back from S san an francisco where sen connally delegates from SO 50 united united nations mapped the historic pact sen tom connally dem texas bid for early ratification declaring that although no effort would be made to railroad the thing through 1 I dont want to see the senate dillydally dilly dally shilly shally and honey smuggle all through july and august just because some members want to make speeches for consumption lump tion back home A member of the american delegation at the san francisco parley along with connally sen arthur rep mich also was prepared to throw his full strength behind the move for acceptance known tor for his efforts to reconcile U S sovereignty with international operation cooperation co said that although the security organization was not perfect it represented a step toward effective world collaboration to outlaw future war with no major battle looming discussion of the power of the U S representative on the security council to vote for use of armed force without prior congressional approval may be academic with proponents suggesting later legislation enabling congress to instruct the representative on the course to be pursued in such cases under the present provisions of the security organization however there is little likelihood of armed force being employed against any of the major powers since anyone of the big five the U S britain russia france and china can veto military measures against themselves by permitting the U S to retain conquered pacific possessions for defense bases on the discretion of congress the framers of the security organization also steered clear of vigorous objections which might have been raised against the trusteeship phases of the new charter big job for ed As congress prepared to ponder ratification former secretary of state edward B R who played such an important role in shaping the new organization iza tion was assigned the equally important job of representing the U S on the all pow erful security council As the U S representative smil edw ing ed will have the power to cast americas vote in the settlement of disputes the application of economic pressure against potential aggressors to bring them in line or the use of force IUs his power only will be limited by whatever reservation congress may make big businesses personality boy has risen high in U S politics since leaving the U S steel corporation to first take over administration of lend lease and then move into the state department as its alts head when the ailing cordell hull reaf retired red ps I 1 0 I 1 ai 4 m p av x X WI MN 3 Z 0 20 4 6 A s 0 at renamed truman park in dusseldorf germany infantry division holds GI horse races for want of thoroughbreds yanks ride shaggy nags to wire for takeoff with smiling eds departure former U S senator supreme court justice and war james F byrnes bymes was prominently mentioned as his successor A southern democrat byrnes bymes long was a leader in national politics first stepping into the international picture when he accompanied president roosevelt to yalta pointing up talk of byrnes succession to the of state was announcement that he would attend the forthcoming big three conference in berlin PACIFIC hara kiri twenty second day sixth month twentieth year of era I 1 depart without wit hout regret fear shame or obligation army chief of staff cho isamu age of departure 51 years inscribed on a white silk mattress cover found in his grave at the base of a cliff on okinawa the above phrasing constituted lt gen isamu chos own epithet written before he committed hara kiri in typical japanese warrior style before the islands fall american troops were within 80 yards of enemy headquarters on a seaside cliff when cho and commanding gen mitsuru knelt down on a narrow ledge overlooking the pacific and plunged knives into their naked abdomens while aides stood by to slash their spinal columns to assure death with the two jap chieftains over enemy troops also met their death on okinawa in the savage fighting not too anxious to meet their ancestors however over other nipponese gave up waving safe conduct leaflets dropped to them to induce their surrender OPA extended for year giving secretary of agriculture clinton anderson veto power over food pricing orders including processed farm products and livestock house and senate conferees agreed to a one year extension of OPA in granting anderson pricing supervision the conferees knocked out the senate amendment calling for the payment of cost plus a reasonable profit tor for farm products though backed by the agricultural bloc the measure was strongly opposed because of its displacement of the parity system designed to create a balance between what producers get and what they must pay for goods in addition to granting anderson power powe rover over food prices house and senate conferees sought to improve the tight meat situation by permitting non federally inspected packers to increase production and ship between the states relieving the pressure on federally inspected whose civilian supply has been sharply cut after army set asides POLAND new government with the formation of a new government designed to be representative senta tive of the whole country the troublesome polish question appeared resolved thus removing a bone of contention between the allies alles including political leaders who had fled abroad as well as those who had remained behind or found sanctuary with the russians the new regime is based on the moscow sponsored warsaw provisional government to assure the reds of a friendly buffer to western europe though U S and british recognition of the new regime loomed the polish government government in exile in london assailed it as a self appointed political body composed of communists and foreign agents As long as the red army and police occupy poland no freedom can exist the exiles said declaring that their body would continue to function with the full support of the polish armed forces abroad numbering about waterfowl drop according to estimates of dr ira N gabrielson chief of the U S fish and wildlife service the waterfowl population of the U S stands at million this is approximately 20 million less than the 1944 figure the apparent decrease may not be exact dr gabrielson points out as the population may have been overestimated in 1944 losses in population are reported greatest in the atlantic and mississippi regions while increases axe are recorded for both the central and pacific flyways fly ways in all flyways there Is evidence that close check must be kept on some species such as the redhead lesser ruddy duck and canada goose dr gabrielson said the gadwall baldpate pintail green winged teal and the snow and white fronted geese were among the few species that registered gains TRANSPORT RISE to highest level total volume of freight and passenger transportation of all types of carriers has shown a steady expansion during the war period rising in 1944 to the highest level on record airplane transportation showed the greatest increase during this period rising per cent while railroad traffic increased 1714 per cent pipelines 1377 per cent motor trucks 1235 per cent the gains made by these carriers more than offset a curtailment of per cent in water transport although airplane transportation showed the greatest percentage increase during the 1938 to 1944 period airplanes in 1944 accounted for only 19 per cent of the total volume of transportation the largest proportion amounting to per cent of the total was handled by the railroads motor truck and bus transportation accounted for per cent of the total pipelines for 68 per cent and domestic water transportation for 27 per cent it is possible that last year marked the end of the wartime expansion in the total volume of traffic FOOD fat oil pinch in revealing another boost in the point value of margarine the interagency committee on foreign shipments warned american housewives that fats and oils will remain in tight supply until the spring or early summer of 1946 because they are among the top requirements of hungry europe the committees announcement was ya made as OPA revealed that civilian meat supplies would be 5 per cent greater this month than last with the largest increase in beef reflecting smaller hog numbers on farms pork stocks will tall fall below june over pounds of beef will be available weekly for civilians compared with pounds last month pounds of pork as against pounds of veal as against pounds of lamb as against and pounds of mutton as against pounds STRIKES plague pla 9 ue officials with the victory in europe removing previous restraint the wave of strikes sweeping the country has taxed the resources of the U S conciliation service and war labor board and created anxiety among government officials concerning production for the pacific war As the officials looked to president truman and secretary of labor lewis B bach to correct the situation latest reports put the total of idle at though the number of requests for strike votes had been rising since march actual walkouts wal kouts were checked until VE V E day wages have not been as important a factor in the strikes as union rivalry and struggle for leadership in the unions themselves officials said another source of unrest has been unsettled grievances in war plants with workers striking to force action by companies EXPORTS at peak reflecting heavy lend lease shipments U S exports reached a record of 14 billion dollars in 1944 of which britain and russia received the lions share shipments to the united kingdom to over 5 billion dollars while deliveries to the reds ran up to 3 billion meanwhile imports from certain countries rose because of the governments wartime policy of buying all of some of a nations goods to prevent the enemy from securing the material purchases from spain rose to 5 million dollars from switzerland to 56 million and from turkey to 50 million indicative of the volume of lend lease included in exports figures tor for 1943 show that the program accounted tor for almost per cent of shipments to russia 98 per cent for britain 98 per cent for turkey 95 per cent for india and 83 per cent for china the total for south america approximated 12 per cent U S SPENDING sets record ending june 30 fiscal year 1945 found the U S collecting more spending more and running into debt more than in any other similar period in the the nations history though revenues rose to aln yep 45 billion dollars for the yes expenditures rocketed to almost billion leaving a deficit of 54 billion As a result the national debt soared to more than billion dollars standing at about 90 billion dollars war spending constituted the greatest portion of outlays while expenditures for military production supplies and services were up contracts for construction subsidies and other obligations oi of government corporations dropped off to less than one half billion dollars As fiscal 1946 got underway less expenditure and less income appeared to be in order military expenditures tures have been cut to reflect the decreased cost of a one front war and revenues are expected to drop because of less loverti wages and some unemployment to MEDICAL BILL 4 billion in 1944 with the nations medical bill in 1944 totaling 4 billion dollars and a capital investment in hospital plant and equipment of six billions medicine today is one of the big businesses of america the direct consumers of medical care paid 3 billions of last years bin bill expenditures by federal state and local governments were millions and the balance was contributed by industry and philanthropy a survey revealed before the war it was found counties with a per capita income of more than had eight times as great a proportion of physicians to population as did counties with a per capita income of less than physicians rank third in earning ability among the independent professions following that of the certified public accountant and the lawyer though earnings of doctors today are comparatively high most of them have spent six years plus to in per paring themselves for their profession SAVINGS nest egg grows despite heavy payments due on income tax installments for the final quarter of 1944 and an increase 1 in n inventories of unincorporated businesses individuals savings 11 ajit the first three months of this totaled almost clr during the period individuals deposited almost in banks bought almost of government bonds and paid up in national service life in aurance and in private premiums at the same time individuals strengthened their position for thi the postwar period by reducing consumer debt exclusive exclusive of mortgage obligations along with unemployment compensation the heavy savings should help relieve some of the stress reports japs seek peace backed to the wait with U S super forts pounding their cities to t rubble and american armed for force drawing a noose around the homeland the japanese have advanced peace terms to this country senator capehart rep ind said although declaring he was not at liberty to reveal def details ails capehart indicated that the enemy was willing illing tv to surrender all conquered territory including manchuria little could be gained over the proffered terms from unconditional surrender involving at least a two year war in china the senator opined opened released by western newspaper union 7 |