| Show nol U TO PROPAGATE BY GRAFTING how to prepare and treat scions and stocks cover cut surfaces with layer of wax prepared Pre pareA by the united states department of agriculture all the common fruits apples pears arid and quinces quince s the stone fruits peaches plums cherries and apricots rt ri cots and the citrus fruits lemons limes and oranges are now multiplied by graft ln or budding the progress in plant breeding and the great rapidity with which new sorta are krepow pow dessl mina ted could not be oa ob talked without the aid of budding or grafting under existing conditions it Is not necessary tor for the originator of af a new sort of apple to give any an thought to the question of fixing that type so it may be reproduced from coed the method of reproducing th the sort does not enter as a factor into MR hla efforts to secure the desired variation grafting or budding has settled that long ago but were it otherwise hortt horti culturists would be studying daffe different rent problems and the nurseryman would be more of a scientist than a manufacturer fac A scion Is a portion cut from a plant to be inserted upon another or op the same plant with the intention that it shall grow except for her baccous grafting the wood for scions should be taken while in a dormant or resting condition the time usually considered best Is after afeei the leaves have fallen but before severe freezing begins the scions are tied in bun bunches clies and burled ln moist sand where they will not freeze and yet be kept cold enough to prevent groath good results often follow cutting scions in the spring just before or at the time the grafting Is to be done if cleft grafting Is the sty style leto to be employed this practice frequently good results but spring cutting 0 of scions for whip grafting Is riot ilot desirable as not enough time Is given for proper healing odthe of the wound before planting time in the spring the stock Is tre ikc plant or part of a plant upon which or into which the bud or scion ls Is inserted for best results in grafting it is essential that the hc stock be in an active condition or so that active growth can be quickly brought about this style of graft is particularly adapted to large trees when for any reason it becomes necessary to change the variety branches too large to be work edby by other methods can be cleft grafted A branch one or one and one halt half inches in diameter Is severed with a saw care should be taken that the hark bark be not loosened from any portion of the stub split the exposed end with a broad thin chisel or grafting tool then with a wedge or the wedge shaped prong at the end of the grafting tool spread the cleft so that the scions may be inserted the scion should consist of a portion of the previous seasons growth and should be long enough to have two or three buds the lower end of the scion which Is to be inserted into the cleft should be cut into the shape of it ft wedge having the outer edge thick ill cleft grafting a the scion b inserted in cleft lt er than the other in general it Is a good plan blan to cut the scion so that the lowest bud will come just at the top of this wedge so that it will be near the top of the stock by cutting the wedge thicker at one side bide the pressure of the stock Is brought upon the outer gro growing ing part of both scion and stock whereas were the scion thicker oil on the inner side the conditions would be reversed and the death of the scion would follow the importance of having an intimate connection between the growing tissues of both scion and stock cannot be too strongly emphasized tor for upon this thiis alone tile the success of grafting depends to make this contact of the growing portions doubly certain the scion Is often set at a slight tingle angle with the stock flock into which it is inserted in order to cause the growing portions of the two to cross after the scions scion have been set the operation of cleft grafting Is completed by covering all cut surfaces with a layer of grafting wax was |
