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Show Italy's Shrine Emerges Into Full View .A'fSP' It1 Hp S.. , 3 . I dfl . Jaaw.i4W 'I -- " w- -' - " Tearing down of antiquated structures which surround it has resulted in the emergence Into full view for the first time of this magnificent national shrine of Italy at Rome, Italy's unknown soldier lies within the monument. ' . (BeimeiPfflfl IPeirsMimajj9 s iiil Sttopirv nfl tHtoe & LEo IFV gsi; or By Gen. John . Pershing 1 --mwmm lion men for trenches. Inasmuch as question afreets all allies whose common Interests demand that we exert maximum military power consistent with transport problem, suggest early agreement be reached among allies which would provide requisite transportation . . . and limit sea ' transportation to food and military supplies and the ex-clusion of every kind of luxury as well ss other supplies In excess of Immediate needs of countries de-pendent upon oversea supplies." An entry In my diary notes: "Two of the Roosevelt boys, Theo-dore, Jr, and Archie, reported. Un-able to participate himself, their father's fine spirit Is represented by his sons." CHAPTER VI Continued. The publication of this piece of news was In open contravention of the censorship rules and called for Immediate steps to prevent further Infractions. My vigorous protest resulted in our placing in the French press bureau an American representative, to whom all matter regarding our army was to be sub-mitted for approval. There is no doubt, however, that the suppression of news prevented our people from obtaining a clear and contemporaneous conception of the great and often brilliant achievements of our armies and left such knowledge to be gleaned from meager accounts by partici-pants or from the later writing of historians. It was unfortunate that such rules had to be enforced, as otherwise much that might have been published at the time may never be known, but there was nothing else to be done without serious risk. A.iftRwn I'll ton Blrnle, Klrby Walker, Berke-ley Enochs. . . ." . Having this nucleus and select-ing the best features of the French and British staff systems, general staff organization was created, which efficiently met every demand made upon It throughout the war and which remains today as a mod-el for present and future guidance. The question of artillery procure-ment caused me much concern. The almost negligible amount on hand when we went to war con-sisted mostly of field guns of the three-Inc- h type, then largely In the hands of troops In the Philippine Islands and elsewhere and unavail-able for issue. Moreover, for cali-bers heavier than the three-inc- h type our ordnance department had adopted nothing which was really up to date. The enormous proportion of both light and heavy guns used by both sides, the knowledge of our defi-ciency and the realization of the length of time that must elapse be-fore wo could manufacture and de-liver them made it Imperative that we seek other sources than our own to help equip onr armies. Following up sn Intimation it was learned definitely that, al-though not fully supplied them-- , selves, the French could increase the output of their factories pro-vided they could get steel from ths United States. As It seemed prob-able that we should operate In proximity to their armies we adopted the French types for the usual calibers and sought their in obtaining the guns needed, at least for the first two years. We secured an agreement that our troops as they came along would be provided with French guns and ammunition, Including not only the 758 and 155s but 87 mm. guns and 58 mm. trench mor-tars as well. It was most fortunate that we nite and no doubt disappointing. In turn we asked many ques-tions, and It was especially inter-esting to hear the Importance of artillery emphasized by its chief, Major General Birch, who spoke of the difficulties they had experi-enced In supplying themselves with guns that matched the enemy's. Referring to their lack of artil-lery In the beginning, General Birch said there was reason to be-lieve that they had finally attained a superiority over the Germans. Real Teamwork Lacking. Sir Douglas told me some of the details of Nlvelle's unsuccessful at-tack in the aprlng, bow it was known far and wide beforehand, and spoke particularly of the con-sequent serious disaffection among the French troops. Although be had placed himself under Nlvelle's command for these operations, be bad, be said, little confidence in the outcome from the start tie also commented on the failure of the French to fully on vari-ous occasions. Bis remarks en-tirely confirmed the belief that I had long since held that real team-work between the two armies was almost totally absent Scarcely anything more striking-ly Impressed upon me our unpre-paredne-than what I saw during a few hours spent with General Trenchard at the British flying field, where we witnessed dyers do-ing every imaginable stunt, and saw planes of all classes, bombing, pursuit and observation, motors of different types and the thoroughly equipped repair shops. The outstanding thing, however, which It was gratifying to note later on in our own aviation per-sonnel, was the Incomparable spirit and alertness of the young officers and the enlisted personnel. Every man seemed to be disappointed when a flight of planes dopnrted for tho front without blm. . CHAPTER VIII As the details of our mission abroad developed It soon became evident that in all that pertained to the maintenance and supply of our armies as distinguished from the purely military task, men with expert knowledge and broad expe-rience in business, Industry and transportation would be needed. In the technical branches of the army there were many officers with theoretical training in special tines, but with some notable exceptions they generally lacked broad con-structive or administrative experi-ence. From the very start I de-termined to obtain the best talent available, and was fortunate in practically every field to find able men who were anxious to do their part The earliest application of the principle was In connection with timber and lumber procurement The call for lumber would be enor-mous, and since It would be Im-possible with our limited tonnage to bring a great quantity across the Atlantic, most of It would have to be obtained In Europe. A AnhU t tk Win. itanartmont As the French authorities wished to honor our national holiday they requested that some of our troops parade In Paris July 4, 1017. We were not prepared to make much of a military Impression, as our men were largely recruits. But to stimulate morale the French want-ed to demonstrate that the Amer-icans were actually coming, so a battalion of the Sixteenth Infantry was brought up from Saint Nazalre. The untrained, awkward appear-ance of this unit which was ac-cepted as the cream of our regular army by the French officials, no doubt tended to confirm their be-lief that It would be some time be-fore we should be able to organize an effective army. If they could have foreseen the triumph of this same battalion at the peak . of the great , counter-- - - C.I esrly in July, 1917, recommended the Immediate organization of s forestry service, consisting of saw-mill units, to be composed of ex-perienced lumbermen and 8,000 to 10,000 unskilled laborers to build roads and transport lumber. Spe-cial request was made for the ap-pointment of Prof. Henry Graves, chief of the United States forestry service, who was then on the ground, as the man to take charge of this service. A number of other specially qualified men were re-quested as we entered the task of were able to get these guns from the French, as up to the end of the war no guns of American manufac-ture of the types used, except twenty-fou- r mortars and six 14-ln- naval guns were fired in battle. Trench guns of the three-inc- h and six-inc- h mortar types, with am-munition, were purchased from the British, as they were considered superior to those used by the French. The Red Cross reported excel-lent progress at this time, especial- - Confsrences Valuable. This visit to British headquar-ters was most Instructive, as every opportunity was given us to study Intimately the details of their war-time organization. After similar studies of the French system we selected from each those features best suited to perfect d staff for our own army. The cordial relations and good understanding established between Sir Douglas Haig and myself and between the corresponding mem-bers of our staffs and with a num- - Offensive on me neiu oi ouiuwu Just one year later we might have been spared many delays and diff-iculties In carrying out our plans. Troops Bring Joy to Frsnch. Nevertheless, the first appear-ance of American combat troops In Paris brought Joyful acclaim from the people. On the march the battalion was accompanied by a great crowd, many women forcing their way into the ranks and swing-ing along arm in arm with the men. With wreaths about their necks and flowers in their hats and on their rifles, the column had the appearance of a moving flower garden, i With only a semblance of mili-tary formation the animated throng pushed Its way through avenues of people to the martial strains of the French band and the still more thrilling music of cheering voices. Many dropped on their knees In reverence as the column went by. The battalion marched to the cemetery where the tomb of Lafay-ette Is located. The ceremony there consisted of a few speeches, the prlncipul speaker being Brand Whitlock, our ambassador to Bel-glu- I had been asked to deliver an address but had designated Col. a E. Stanton of my staff, an old army friend and something of an orator, to speak In my place. How-ever, I was prevailed upon to speak extemporaneously. "Lafayette, We Are Hers!" It was on this occasion that ut-terance was given to an expression that could be born only of inspira-tion, one that will live long In his-tory: "Lafayette, we are here 1" Many have attributed this strik-ing utterance to me, and I have often wished It could have been mine. But I have no recollection of saying anything so splendid. I am sure those words were spoken by Colonel Stunton. and to hlra must eo the credit for so happy W ' "t'f ' HxMUA nl$4 J French Children Watching Yankee Troops on March. ly in Its first efforts to assist the French as agreed upon with Gen-eral Petaln. Its organization by MaJ. Grayson M. P. Murphy for war work with our own armies was now about completed. The estab-lishment of canteens and buts at the ports and other Important points had already begun and the numbers Increased as fast as needed. These centers of service later maintained dispensaries and pro-vided beds and bathing facilities for men traveling under orders or on leave. When the necessity arose the Red Cross actively ber of the leading British officers with whom we were later to have official dealings proved very advan-tageous. In London, long after the armistice, Sir Douglas, in an after-dinn-er speech, referred to this visit which happened during a period of 'depression, and said that our time-ly appearance at his headquarters had aroused In them a strong feel-ing of hopefulness for the future. Meets Other Leaders. My dairy at this time notes the following : Paris, Thursday, July 26, 1927. Had breakfast yesterday at the Crillon with Lloyd George. and felicitous a phrase. The parade of our troops through Paris doubtless fortified the morale of the people to a certain extent, but we all knew that eventually something very much more effec-- 9 tlve would have to be done The real question was whether the allies could hold out until we were ready. It was clear that no halfway measures on our part would answer and that allied hopes lay in American military assistance on a vast scale at the earliest mo-ment. Cables for 1,000,000 Men. The allies thought an American force of 600,000 men the maximum that we could have In France In 1018, but In my opinion that would not be enough to meet the situa-tion. If we could have had half a million fighting men in France in the early spring It would have been a different matter. But looking ahead It was neces-sary to allow from 33 to 40 per cent for the services of supply, which would leave out of this num-ber only approximately SOO.OtK) fighting troops. Although this would aid, we could not be con-tent merely to lend a helping hand but must prepare to strike a de-cisive blow. Whil the appearance on the front of any American force was still months away, yet there was little doubt that If we could Induce allied we should be 1 able to give much greater assist-ance than they believed possible. ' ' our study having confirmed the correctness of my tentative esti-mate made on the Baltic, I there-fore cabled Washington, July 6, as follows: "Plans should contemplate send-ing over at least 1,000,000 men by nert May This JIm; would ive practically building up the supply service, but as this was the first Intimation given to the War department that such a force would be needed nat-urally it was some time before It was actually at work. Heavy Work for the Staff. During the first two months In France the work Imposed upon the few staff officers who bad accom-panied me was very heavy. After urgent and repeated requests I was fortunate in having at my disposal inter In the summer a small group of men which Included some of the most brilliant and highly educated officers In our army. In addition to those already with me, the officers included In the fol-lowing cable I regarded as espe-cially fitted for the duties for which they were desired: "Request Robert C Davis, adju-tant general, be sent these head-quarters earliest date. Request Frank Moorman or J. O. Mauborgne be sent these headquarters earliest date for duty as code expert Re-quest Samuel T. Hubbard, Jr, signal corps, now here, be called to active service and ordered to re-port to me. Request ten of follow-ing named officers be sent to report to me y second convoy for gener-al staff duty: Frank R. McCoy, George Van Horn Mosele.v, Malin Craig. Alfred W. BJornstadt H. B. Fiske. Allen J. Grear, Paul B. Ma-Inn- Edgar T. Collins, Samuel R. Gleuves, Laurence Ualsteud, Nich-olas W. Campanole. A. R. Moreno, Preston Brown, LeRoy R. Eltlnge, W. B. Burtt, Frank T. Hlnes. Ed-ward L. King, J. P. McAdams, W. C Sweeney, J. B. Barnes, Kerr T. RIggs, W. H. Winters, Walt & Johnson, Stuart IJelntzelman, Up-- He Is alert and energetic and has a clear conception of allied ' problems. Took lunch with Mr. Balfour, who thinks we have reason to feel easier regarding submarines. Representatives of the various allies met for con-ference on general situation. In the evening M. Rlbot the prime minister, gave a state dinner to officials attending conference. Today attended luncheon to allied representatives given by the President and Mme. Poin-car- e at the Elysee palace. In conference this afternoon with Petain, Cadorna, Robert-son and Foch at latter's office. Discussed military plans, talked about tonnage possibilities and shortage of personnel. Ail pes-simistic and reserved. (TO BB CONTINUED.) with the medical corps in the neid, contributing large quantities of supplies and often additional nurses. The work of the society, directed from a central office in Paris, eventually embraced prac-tically every endeavor touching the health of the armies. CHAPTER IX I left Paris July 20, 1917, for a visit with Field Marshal Sir Doug-las Haig, the British commander In chief, whose headquarters were In an old chateau half hidden away in a magnificent grove at Beldlques. I was ' accompanied by Colonels Harbord and Alvord and Captain Patton of my staff. At dinner the subject of conver-sation naturally turned on the mili-tary situation of the allied armies, our own In particular. They were keen to know about our army, its organization and size, and the pros-pects of our putting troops in the field. &Vs our active participation depended on many factors, such as training, equipment and shipping, my replies, of course, were indefl- - j New York Home of Visiting Siamese Ruler The main building on the estate of Mrs. Whitelaw Reid at Purchase, N. where the king of Slam and his wife will reside during their New York visit "ADVANCED" SURGERY I T :$ V r,' M-'r-- " i k V Elnar Wegener, a Danish paint-er, who has been married for years, recently underwent an operation at the hands of Professor Doctor War-nekros- s, well-know- n Dresden gyne-cologist The operation resulted In the changing 01 the man Into a woman. He or rather she adopt-ed the name LI1I Elbe. The mar-riage was declared void. It Is also said that the man-woma- n has givan up the profession as a painter. Above may be seen the former Elnar Wegener, now LIU Elbe. Reads Poetry Before Golf Game 1 ls if . 4 viV4 J - - N ' tS n a V ? , I ' Mt.'jA ' I John D. Rockefeller, before starting his game on .the links at I Ormond Beach, Fla., reads a poem to the admiring crowd which had I gathered to see blm. f A Human Bat in Flight I y Js if t vLm - - f Adolph Mats, assistant to Mme. Qelene Albertl, who Is working on a means of through the air In experiments based on a Greek theory of cosmic motion, giving a demonstration with the aid of bat-lik- e wings at Brookllne, Mass. HAS RIGHT TO GRIN n - fx This great big smile couldn't help breaking on Elinor Smith's face after the nineteen-year-ol- d flyer de-scended from her record breaking climb at Roosevelt field, L. I. One altitude showed she bad attained 32,500 feet The present official record for women is 28,743 estab-lished by Ruth Nichols. Weight of Gasoline The bureau of standards says thiit ordinary gasoline weighs about 0.22 pounds avoirdupois per gallon. . |