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Show THE RICH COUNTY REAPER, RANDOLPH. UTAH King of the Pie-Eate- rs Botanist Trails Flea On Back of a Mouse LONDON. Dr. Karl Jordan, famous botanist, once tracked a flea, sojourning on the back of a mouse, from Scotland to central Europe, he revealed at a meeting of the Linnean society here. Doctor Jordans job is to find out where one meets -- sub-speci- es Weather Bureau to Speed Forecast of Cold Waves - WASHINGTON. Cold waves bound for the United States from the North pole next winter will be reported several days ahead of their arrival, under plans announced by the weather bureau of a new system of upper-ai- r exploration. Two upper-ai- r exploration stations have been established, one at Burbank, Calif., and the other at Fairbanks, Alaska, Dr. W. R. Gregg, chief of the bureau, announced. Radio - meteorographs robot With his hands tied behind him, LeRoy Cobb, age thirteen, of Gainescontest that at- weather observers that broadcast ville, Ga., von with a crust to spare in a tracted lads from all over the countryside. LeRoy ate his lunch at the their findings from far above the usual hour, but that didnt handicap him at all when it came to eating earth to observers on the ground-w- ill a meringue-covere- d chocolate pie in record time. be released daily with balloons at these two stations. The Fairbanks station will enable meteorologists to forecast several days earlier than heretofore the approach of a cold wave. The Burbank station will provide upper-ai- r weather news for forecasters all over the country. pie-eati- United States Hit Hard By Jap Invasion of China $ EMPLOYMENT GAINS Japan is expected to follow a Costs to Business and Labor to recent letter from the state departAbout $25,000 an Hour. ment to American exporters which NEW - YORK. Japans '"undewar on China is already clared costing American business and labor approximately $25,000 per hour and may ultimately cost more, it was charged in a survey released by O. O. Gallup, secretary of the Export Managers club of New York, Inc. This loss, which according to Mr. Gallup totaled more than $200,000,-00or about a half million dollars per day during the first year of the war, has reflected itself 8,000 miles away in United States factories and industries, the survey asserts. With exports from the United States to China for the first four months of this year down 32 per cent as compared with the same four months of 1937, according to department of commerce figures, 0, warns they should be sure they have confirmed, irrevocable letters of credit from Japan before exporting to that country. Otherwise, the department letter is quoted as saying, the exporters might have difficulty in getting their money because of the increased severity of foreign exchange restrictions imposed by Japan. In addition, further trade barriers have resulted from Japans pegging of the currencies of and the conquered provinces of China to the yen, which has made practically impossible all foreign territrade with Japanese-occupie- d the tories, survey declares, pointing out that at the present time to do business in these territories, approval must be obtained from Tokyo. ' Investments Suffer. Meanwhile, American investments which prior to the war were estimated at about $225,000,000, have undergone heavy depreciation, Mr. Gallup asserts. The survey explains that a large part of the American capital investment lay idle for long periods during the year when concerns were forced to abandon operations because of war activities. For example, states Mr. Gallup, Americans who last December were forced to evacuate Nanking have only recently been permitted the city to rehabilitate to American industry and business. Although no figures are available, losses due to damage to American property in China are reported by the survey to have reached a staggering total. Listed as having suffered damage from Japanese bombardments are industrial plants, hospitals, missionary buildings, cultural institutions and priyate homes. In addition, the survey estimates that during the first year of the war, more than 7,000 Americans were Wally Berger, wbo came to the Cincinnati Reds from the New York Giants a while ago, has regained the batting form that made him a terror for National league pitchers a year or two ago. His excellent work has contributed to keeping the Reds up among the pennant the staggering costs of a war which Japan expected to end in three months have already cut that nations trade with this country more than 13 per cent for the first four 'months of this year, and have brought a 50 per cent drop in exports from America to Japan during May alone, Mr. Gallup declared. Heavy Trade Losses. But these figures, although they present a fair picture of the heavy trade losses which have resulted to the United States from Japans undeclared war in China, fail to present the total picture, the survey declares. Japans shift from "normal to wartime commodity imports, Mr. Gallup goes on to explain, spelled disaster to American labor in that workers productive in one type of imenterprise are unable to move due mediately into new industries, to the immobility of labor. As a result, the survey states, thousands of United States workers are jobless today as luxury and other peacetime exports continue to fall away precipitously and Japan tightens her belt to finance a war which costs $5,000,000 a day. An even greater drop in exports Prepared by National Geographic Society. sparks heavenward. The awesome spitting of the spectacular conevents have verter during certain periods of the GREAT and the lives of all blowing of air through its molten have been contents has given place to the open transformed in many ways hearth. New Ways of Making Cement. since Obediah Gore, the ConHere enormous jets of gas flame necticut blacksmith, moved to are played over the molten pig metthe Wilkes-Barr- e country and al, producing iron oxide which combines with added iron ore to form a taught the neighborhood smiths basic slag the skimmings of the how to fire their forges with caldron. fiery Nowhere in industrial Pennsylvaanthracite; since Jesse Fell invented the grate for burning nia does one discover more progress than in the cement inhard coal in homes; since in processes A dustry. through a cePhilip Ginter stubbed his toe on ment plant pilgrimage 20 years ago was like a piece of hard coal and there- working at the bunghole of a by laid the foundations of the threshing machine before the days the straw blowers. There was Lehigh Coal and Navigation of dust everywhere. As one surveyed system of coal mines and coal the horizon of Lehigh and Northroads. ampton counties, it seemed that Even in the depths of the depres- there were a hundred whirlwinds Washington, D. C. WNU Service. sion in 1931 Pennsylvania was pro- ducing 60,000,000 tons of anthracite and 97,000,000 tons of bituminous coal, or approximately a third of nations entire coal output. When you consider how much the country owes to its vast supplies of sunshine stored up in the earth through millions of years, you realize how great is its debt to Pennsylvania, for in service to humanity coal far outshines the magic wonders of Aladdins legendary lamp. As one travels through the coal fields, there are many sights reminiscent of a century of mining. One sees in the anthracite fields every type of coal breaker, from the old dry breaker with dust everywhere and much of the coal wasted, to the latest Rheolaveur breaker where water is used from beginning to end, and where even the dust is saved. Tremendous Coke Production. Pennsylvania is the nations foremost producer of coke. For generations the beehive coke oven had its day. It was a wasteful day, it is true, but the beehive oven fitted its time. It was not until the World war period that it relinquished first place to the Man-chuku- o re-ent- er Coal Coke, Steel Cement and Glass Are Pennsylvania's Great Industries John D. Riggers, of Toledo, Ohio, directed President Roosevelts unemployment census last January, believes better times are ahead fot industry and employment. He cited the case of the Glass company, of which he is president, which has rehired 1,300 workers in the last three months. who Libbey-Owens-Fo- rd forced to leave their homes- and jobs, many returning to this country virtually penniless because of inability to liquidate property or because of bank closures and other factors. It is impossible to state this type of loss in terms of dollars, the survey declares. In connection with potential or contingent losses, factors not considered in the survey, Mr. Gallup - said: Potential or contingent into tremendous running sums will become actual losses. losses Astor Kin Sells Golf Balls ovens. Then the cry went up for more and more of the chemicals hidden in bituminous coal to take their place in the explosives that were indeed the power behind the gun Now the alchemist of of coal is getting more coke out of a ton of coal made in a oven than could be obtained in a beehive oven, and in addition he is able to capture enough ammonia and its compounds, light oil and its derivatives, gas, tar, fine coke, and other products to bring the total value of up to $3.86 per ton, all of which were lost in the war-makin- g. ct beehive oven. Those were spectacular nights before the World war when one rode for miles through the beehive oven districts. Today those old ovens stand row after row along scores old-tim- e railroad tracks, some almost completely in ruins but others looking as if they might be fired again tomorrow. of Pig Iron and Steel. Pennsylvanias role in the iron and steel industry is as remarkable as her position in the coal and coke industry of the nation. In 1931 the Keystone state produced only 1 per cent of the nations iron ore, but it turned out 28 per cent of its pig iron and 32 per cent of its steel. With every 1,000 tons of pig iron requiring in its making about 1,800 tons of ore, 700 tons of limestone, 1,000 tons of coke, and 4,500 tops of by powerful fans, one may easily imagine that its produc- air driven states heavy industry. There was in the days of peak production no more inspiring night sight than the view from a high hill at Pittsburgh, looking down the Ohio and up the Monongahela and the Allegheny rivers, beholding Titan at work, transforming ore into pig iron. The era of the Bessemer process in converting pig iron into steel is largely gone in the Keystone state. No longer do these huge metallic eggshells send their streams of fiery tion is the Keystone of John Jacob Francis Ormond French, impecunious father-in-laAstor, III, who was refused unemployment relief and a WPA job recently, is shown selling a customer a pail of golf balls for a quarter at a golf driving practice range at Brighton,-- Mass., where he secured a job. French is paid $5 a day and 50 per cent commission on all golf balls he actually sells. w perpetually blowing and marking the sites of the cement plants scattered over the countryside. Today it is different. Now the rock is crushed under streams of water and the final powdering of the stone produces a sludge of about the consistency of mush. This is introduced into the big rotary kilns some of them as much as 120 feet long and 15 feet in diameter. Here it meets a stream of powdered coal under a flame that gives a temperature of from 2,500 to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The coal has been so finely ground that 95 per cent of it will pass through a screen that has 10,000 meshes to the square inch. When the powdered coal, the sludge, the fiery heat, and a regulated amount of air meet, glass-har- d clinkers are formed. These clinkers in turn are the intermediate materials between cement rock and the finished product. They are mixed with heavy steel d globules and conveyed into rotary grinders. Round and round these big machines turn hour after hour until all the clinkers have been ground almost to impalpable dust, in which form it is Portland cement. oval-shape- . Among all of Pennsylvanias dra- matic industries there is none possessing greater fascination than plate-glas- s making. Such opaque substances as salt cake, pure limestone, and quartz sand go into a d furnace in batches, become liquid, and then pass out as a continuous sheet of plate glass which is cut, ground, and polished until it is as transparent as thin air. In a Plate Glass Plant. the Up Allegheny river from Pittsstands the little village of burgh On its outskirts is the Creighton. largest plate-glas- s plant in the world. The company owns at its back door the coal mine that supplies its fuel, for coal is used in such quantities that such a plant is always located near its fuel supply rather than close to its raw material. Here are huge bins for storing salt cake, soda ash, glass sand, limestone, and other ingredients. There is the giant furnace that holds 1,200 tons of molten glass. With a colored glass shield before your eyes look into the fiery furnace. Here are little hills and tiny mountains, survivals of the last d mouthful of material in. There you see a miniadumped ture lake of incandescent molten mixture. At the rear of the furnace is a giant lip out of which the molten glass flows. Glowing hot, of doughy consistency, it passes under tremendous rollers, which convert it into a ribbon about 7 feet wide. Along this it travels through an annealing lehr for 400 feet. By now it is cool enough for the cutters who trim off the edges, cut.it into lengths, and mark the defective spots. Then a sort of mechanical spider with vacuum-cu- p feet swoops down on each piece, lifts it high overhead, and deposits it in a plaster-of-parn cast-iro- n film on the car that is to be its bed while passing under the grinding machines. 3,500-poun- 3,500-poun- is six-to- |