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Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Issue Is Joined on Labor Measure; Senate Group Okays Atlantic Pact; Unemployment Increasing in Nation (FDITOK'8 note: When opinion! are expressed In these colnmnj, thtj are thoie of Weitern Newspaper Union'i newt analyst! and not necessarily of Urn newspaper.) Barred I ' ' "v" ''( ' I : , . ....... ..... ARMY BOSS: Was Buck Private The Cinderella story would take on new interest for 'Jhe GI's in, Unele Sam's army. And there was a particular reason. rea-son. Gordon Gray, a one-time buck private in the army, was nominated by President Truman to be secretary secre-tary of the army. GRAY, now undersecretary, is 40 years old, a North Carolina publisher pub-lisher and lawyer. He has been acting secretary since the resignation resigna-tion of Kenneth C. Royall on April 27. Gray, born in Baltimore, is not an army career man. But he served three years in the army, en-i listing as a buck private in 1942. But he had something on the ball then, and rose to captain with the 12th army group in Europe. THE new secretary would be the government's youngest head of an execulive department. For the past 16 months Gray has been the army official responsible for the industrial indus-trial mobilization and procurement official on his department. JOHN L LEWIS: A Severe Blow A federal district court of appeals dealt a heavy blow at John L. Lewis and his United Mine Workers. Work-ers. Lewis and his union, found guilty of contempt of court for failing fail-ing to call off the 1948 coal strike, had been fined $1,420,000. They appealed. The higher court upheld the finding and indications were that Lewis and his attorneys would lose no time appealing to the United States supreme court for a final decision. THE CASE grew out of Lewis' defiance of the Taft-Hartley law last year for ignoring a court order Issued under the law that directed the miners to call off a month-old strike In the soft coal fields. The district appeals court ruling made it clear that the decision was based on the fact that Lewis and the miners waited until the demands de-mands were met before finally calling call-ing off the strike when they had been previously directed by the court to do so. Justice E. Barrett Prettyman said on behalf of the court: "THE SUPREME COURT (has) held . . . involving these same appellants, ap-pellants, that he who fails to obey a court order ... is punishable for criminal contempt. That decision governs us here." The supreme court already had upheld the conviction of Lewis and his miners for defying a similar court order In the 1946 coal strike. It was that ruling to which Judge Prettyman referred. NAZI "WITCH": Not Through Yet Use Koch, called the "witch" of Buchenwald, infamous German prison camp of World War II, definitely defi-nitely was to face a German court on charges of mistreating Germans at the concentration camp. ONCE sentenced to life imprisonment imprison-ment by American occupation force verdict on charges of unspeakable un-speakable cruelties to prisoners, Use had her term commuted to only four years by U.S. Gen. Lucius D. Clay on grounds of insufficient in-sufficient evidence. Among other charges she faced was one of having made lampshades lamp-shades out of human skin. The announcement that Use would have to stand trial again was made in Munich by an official of the Bavarian ministry of justice. THE U.S. authorities have turned over to German officials the records rec-ords of the case in order that they might determine whether she could be tried by the Germans for mistreating mis-treating their own citizens at Buchenwald, where she was the wife of the Nazi commandant. Top Man LABOR BILL: Issue Is Joined The long-awaited fight on repeal of the Taft-Hartley labor law had begun. Debate had started in the senate with Chairman Elbert D. Thomas (D., Utah) of the labor committee opening for the administration. adminis-tration. Government forces were committed to an attempt for outright out-right repeal of the measure, but all Indications pointed to a compromise compro-mise or nothing. Meanwhile, John L. Lewis declared de-clared that the AFL and CIO had betrayed organized labor's cause by reportedly agreeing to a compromise. com-promise. Urging adoption of the administration adminis-tration bill, Thomas said the voters last November "decided the Taft-Hartley Taft-Hartley law was a mistake." The administration seeks to replace it with a modified version of the New Deal Wagner act. Thomas called for quick repeal of the Taft-Hartley Taft-Hartley law. In telegrams to all 96 senators, Lewis, head of the United Mine Workers union, said he had heard AFL and CIO leaders had agreed to accept four "oppressive amendments" amend-ments" to the administration bill. An AFL official pooh-poohed Lewis' charges of a secret deal. As a matter of fact, he said, the AFL convention In Cleveland recently re-cently agreed to accept the four amendments that "horrifed" Lewis. These four amendments called for: 1. Power for the federal government govern-ment to seize plants Involved in national-emergency strikes. 2. The filing of financial returns by unions. 3. The filing of non-Communist and non-Fascist affidavits by workers work-ers and employers alike. 4. A guarantee of free speech In labor relations. ARTICLE 5: What Import? The senate foreign relations committee, com-mittee, In reporting favorably the North Atlantic pact, had almost bogged down on Article 5. That is the proviso in the pact which binds signatories to the rule that an attack at-tack on one pact member would be an attack upon all, and binds each to take such action as is deemed necessary, "including the use of armed forces" to restore and maintain main-tain the security of the area. THE WORDING of Article 5 created In some minds a fear that its effect would nullify the right of congress to declare war and might put this power arbitrarily into the hands of the President. Senator George (D., Ga.) who had expressed concern about the interpretation in-terpretation of Article 5, finally said that he was satisfied that under it the President could not declare war nor "employ troops to enforce any particular action aimed at certain cer-tain European countries without congressional approval." Senator Pepper (D., Fla.) took the same tack. He said the provision provi-sion neither adds to nor subtracts from the war powers of the President Presi-dent as commander-in-chief. EVEN SO, it was a difficult point. The extent to which a President might go toward involvement in war was dramatically disclosed in the Roosevelt administration when the commander-in-chief admittedly committed the nation to "everything "every-thing short of war" in what was purported to be an attempt to avoid war. Under such a policy actions may go so far at the chief executive level that there would be nothing left for the congress to do but declare de-clare war in a situation in which it had no authority and no voice. NEW WEAPON: Top Secret What is being produced at the Plutonium plant at Hanford, Washington? Wash-ington? NO one would say, but Carleton Shugg, deputy general manager of the atomic energy commission, said the plant was handling a "product that needs a better name than 'deadly poison.' " Was it the weird "atomic fog" about which there had been so much speculation? Shugg wouldn't say. He said, instead, that he was merely discussing certain phases In the production of plutonium one of two fissionable materials used in making atom bombs. The other is uranium-235. SHUGG'S statement was made during his testimony before a senate sen-ate appropriations subcommittee during the congressional investigation investiga-tion of the atomic program. WM.WVeMUWr: :j--vwwi.. wnftyjv.j.. Steve Trumbull, Miami Herald Her-ald reporter, was barred from the Florida state senate chamber cham-ber after he questioned the manner in which a bill was brought before the senate. It was reported his cheekbone was fractured when he was struck by a senator. UNEMPLOYMENT: Sudden Increase Whatever its significance, many economists were expressing concern con-cern over a sudden upswing in the number of unemployed in the nation. na-tion. BETWEEN April and May, the number of U.S. jobless had increased in-creased by 273,000 to bring the totally unemployed to a probable postwar high of more than 3.25 million. These figures were released re-leased by the federal bureau of the census. The rise in the unemployment figure fig-ure at a time when it usually drops might be attributed, the bureau said, to the sudden rush of students for summer or permanent jobs. The bureau did say that two-thirds of the increase in unemployment could be traced to "young persons of high school and college age." AT the same tmie, the bureau reported, re-ported, total unemployment was rising, principally as a result of seasonnl activity on farms. Despite the conflicting reports, there were some among the country's coun-try's industrial and economic leaders lead-ers who feared the unemployment situation might grow worse before getting any better. SOVIETS: Appraise Guests In Moscow the Literary Gazette sought to evaluate for its readers the Russian appraisal of foreign diplomats and newspapermen who live in the Soviet Union. THE Gazette printed a poem written by Sergei Mikhalkov, children's chil-dren's poet, playwright and coauthor co-author of the Soviet national anthem. Translated freely, Sergei's poem went this way: "We met them, you and I, "These friends who aren't friends. "The jackal, wolf and swine, "And journalistic snake. "In other words, those who are being sent here. "We know them all and can recognize rec-ognize them "Even if we aren't doctors." NATURALLY, there will be no comment from the pilloried not while they're still in Russia. HEART STUDY: Artificials Used Emphasis in heart study now rests in the development of artificial artifi-cial hearts. Dr. Alfred Blalock of Baltimore, widely-known blue-baby specialist, was the authority for the statement. SPEAKING at a general scientific scien-tific session of the American Medical Medi-cal association, Blalock said: "The most interesting thing in surgery, but still in the experimental stage, is the development of mechanical devices as substitutes for the heart." He reported that he considered as most promising a pump developed by Dr. John Gibbon at the Jefferson Jeffer-son school of Philadelphia. "Dr. Gibbon's pump will pump blood as the heart does," Dr. Blalock Bla-lock explained. "He is working on an artificial lung to aerate the blood." BLALOCK said Dr. Gibbon's pump replaced the heart of a dog for 48 minutes and the dog recovered. re-covered. "If one can substitute for the heart for 30 to 45 minutes, one can open it and see what one is working at," he said. "With a heart substitute substi-tute we can do more things inside the heart." J ,' s ' I Top man in the graduating class at West Point, U.S. military mili-tary academy, Richard T. Car-volth, Car-volth, reckville, Pa., had his choice of any arm of the military mili-tary services. He chose the ai force and here adjusts his second sec-ond lieutenant's bars on his brand new uniform. JET FIGHTER: Tests Complete The United States air force was proud of its newest jet fighter the Lockheed F-S0. which had successfully suc-cessfully completed its flight test? at the Muroc flight test base in California. There was an air of secrecy abou; the plane's performance. Some facts which did emerge weie: The plane weighs 26.000 pounds, climbed 15. COO feet in 10 minutes, but that wasn't its maximum, the pilot |