Show MEMO attitude against postwar service sways congress Con aress publio public loins joins influential organizations in objections to training N need ead for interim security force argued by BAUKHAGE news analyst and commentator service 1618 1616 E eye ye street NW Wag washington ton D 0 in the days day that followed president Tr truman message to con congress u urging r g in g universal military tr training gress w we e ta in washington waited to see if there thera would be an echo to the president dents words spoken so earnestly but with so little effect on the aud lenco before him there was an echo all right but it wax was an emphatic rumble of negation I 1 surprised I 1 read iny lis listeners t en 1 letters e t I 1 it t vers was 1 interesting n t e t ing to see the way the members ot of congress reacted to the tha president Vs message aj as he be delivered it I 1 watched them with one eye on the tha text of his speech as I 1 stood squeezed into the th crowd in the gallery of the house varied reaction to proposal hera bere are some come of the sentences which chic h I 1 checked as bringing response above all else we are strong because of the courage and vigor and skill ot of a lberts loving people who are determined that this nation shell shall remain forever tree applause well that was a general non compromising sentiment Not nothing bling to do with the subject in hand there was the statement that we wa lack faith to in the united nations organization on the contrary with all we have we intend to back our obligations and commitments under the united nations charter mild applause this time then came the response to the first direct appeal for the measure in hand the president said the tha surest way to guarantee that no na tion win will attack us Is if to remain bernat strong in the only kind ot of strength an aggressor can understand military power applause a gain again but I 1 had bad the feeling it was for or the not the means of implementing it when he ha said that the basic reason for military training is to guarantee safety and freedom from an aggressor there was another demonstration but not quite as energetic and and many members I 1 noted refrained from any applause at all the last note 1 Is the most emphatic good applause followed the presidents affirmation that allun until we are assured that our peace machinery Is functioning adequately we must relentlessly preserve our superiority on land and sea and in the air but that to la just what the congress cony ress Is not willing to do because I 1 it t believes the country Is in not willing to have them do it I 1 am sure of that because I 1 know they have been receiving as I 1 have tar far more let against military training than in favor ol of lt it must sell public program today a man who keeps his aln gers gera on th the e pulse of congress assures me that there will never be a universal military training act until a great deal more selling has teen been done by those who believe in it than has been attempted so tar far this man like the writer is a convert to the cause so his expression was the reverse of wishful thinking both of us though mem bers aers of the american legion never favored their program for universal urged upon congress beginning shortly after the last war position my friend said such powerful influences as the federal council of churches some influential members of the catholic church virtually all of labor so far and this includes the CIO and the which often nullity nullify each others efforts the colleges and the unorganized group which might be called simply the mothers where do the returned veterans stand it Is too early to say it if they follow in their fathers footsteps will eventually vote tor for preparedness it Is the teh tendency dency of men who have seen service to place a value on thorough preliminary training but they ww will not become vocal until they join the ranks of the world war I 1 veteran organizations or build others of their own there is however another force which may change the picture a change in the international setup set up which will inject the element of fear ear into the peoples atti attitude e and since fear ear starts the adren adrenalin alln flowing that asua usua usually ly means action meanwhile th there ere are those who feel that complete preparedness not 0 only Is essential in the interim even though a future world security orl Is moving swiftly to fruition but that it will also act as a stimulus toward such a goal the argument runs briefly wol we must prepare to enforce peace or prepare to fight a war many members b e r s ot of congress realize this and w would 0 u ld undoubtedly support ort the tha presidents program if they felt they could do so without flying to in the face of the majority opinion of their constituents I 1 do not intend to uso use this column as a platform upon which to debate the issue now but I 1 would like to present a viewpoint expressed by a medical man which made considerable impression on the comparatively few washington lafis lads who heard him address a re cent meeting in the capitol the speaker was dr G B chisholm chesholm one of the worlds foremost psychiatrists who served as chief medical officer of the canadian army and Is now deputy health minister of canada Maturi maturity tV needed for peace his thesis Is that this li Is a sick world with an old chronic but evermore extensive and serious sickness its sickness has rec recently enily become acutely dangerous and the future Is uncertain indeed it Is 13 a sickness which has made us the kind of people who fight major wars every 15 or 20 years the cure Is education just as ai individuals divi duals become neurotic because they are not mature and thus are unable to cope with the situations they must meet so go the world has developed a behaviour pattern which produces something which nobody wants war we must can show tolerance be patient and bove above all have the ability to compromise these are qualities ol of maturity dr chisholm chesholm points out and people mature in this sense would not want to start wars and would prevent other people from starting them but the doctor realizes that education will not produce such m maturity adur atur in one generation but such a 8 tate state must be realized or we face ace one of two alternatives either w we e must become a race of tra trained inc d killers or a race of slaves until we can achieve education sufficient to avoid such horrible fates tor for so long as it may take to change the bringing up of children enough in this world our close watch on each and everyone ir in the w world orld should not be relaxed lor for a moment 4 the first step in erad eradicate icat ing in g war Is an attainable stopgap dr chisholm believes security in must be achieved and the valid fear of aggression eliminated this means legislation backed by immediately deans available combined force prepared to suppress ruthlessly any appeal to force by any peoples of the world the adminis administration tra of such a force is a delicate problem but it can be devised if and wh when the great power really wants it the second step would be to provide the opportunity tor for all peoples to uve live on economic levels which do not vary too wid widely ely either geographically or by groups within a population means a of material this 1 z ihl since there are enough resources in the world to go around it Is impossible in this space to de av justice justly to dr chisholme Chis holms views but bu the mairi main points are these he eels eel that man has developed one consist ent ot of behaviour causes him to indulge in a majo mafoi war at frequent intervals that go ing to war represents immaturity that immaturity can only be curet by education beginning at with an accent on an the sciences ot 01 living that until we achieve ma turley we must unite ruthlessly t ti suppress the effort on the part ol of any nation or anyone in any nation to start a war psychiatrists may not solve th the problem of world peace but it lus is sate safe to say that immature laymen wont either meanwhile what congress congre must decide Is how dry the country wants to keep our powder |