Show dent N M A 64 41 ftfe I 1 le N X IS IUN 0 lox mechanical unloaders removing ore from lake steamon St eamor prepared by the national society washington 1 I qa 0 s the ore that makes most of americas steel la Is a M vastly different procedure from the burrowing in dark tunnels that hint Is usually associated with mining approximately five sixths sixtus of the ore that gives tile the united states its age of steel comes coines from the mesaba masaba range of minnesota much nimeh of it from the single great llull rust mine near hibbing to get elme idea of tills mine liu hit agine a great terraced amphitheater cut out of rolling ground halt half a mile wide and nearly two miles long dump gatun galun dam into it and there would still bo be a yawning chasm unfilled iut a ten story office building into flip lie deepest trench mid the top of tile the flagpole would barely reach to the line of the original surface ordinarily one thinks of mining us its an occupation for bunion moles that burrow in n the ground and bring out hard ores from cavernous vernous cu delt depths hs but when nature laid town down the luke lake sti rii perlor ore ranges site she ninde made burrowing and blasting unnecessary for the file ili niesi 0 S part lit in the mes aba engre and by the way there are as many ways ways ol of spelling that wort word as there fire are of pro noun bouncing cing the ore are tins largely tile the consistency of sund sand and UPS lips so close to the surface that it would ile be as foolish to burrow instead of digging tit as it would ile he to tunnel instead inato id of cutting in bull building ding a railroad through a small knoll and liow they do make tiny hay when the sun up on the iron panama had its rainy season hm flit iron ranges anve thor their snowy seism beginning ili ID december and with ith kaster easter when that feit festival ival imp pens to be late elsio ei eliugh ugh they hie only eight months in which h to the vast demand for iron fron anti meet and that demand tins has run us as high is As OCO tons of ore how do they do lt it they 10 lo do it with the most wonderful lot of dellill Ina ting tinie obstacle ing machinery ever put pill to u thou mind rolle mile purpose tile the hull rust hust mine to begin with tile the ore in the lie ground Is s a series of terraced or benches a the hie engineers ciell them froin file he banks banka to tile lie bottom on each of ther 4 lan steps there la Is room enough to maneuver P n 11 ovel arad a railroad train and up rind down doin the line go the shovels shifting theft positions as is they ent eat into the bank and loading a MS hig ore re train tn in less les time than a child with n toy shovel takes to nil fill a little red express wagon from mine to lake the ore cars on the iron ranges arf arc of the regulation pressed steel bottom dumping 50 ton coal cial car type cype ano and they run in trains a third of a nille little long the tha railroads from the mines town down to duluth superior and two are of tile hest construction the haul eimil from hibbing to duluth dilmuth Is so 80 odd miles just before the trains reach duluth dublin they come to proctor the biggest ore yard lit in the world here they rup run acro across s a scales in tile history of the art tit of weighing biere would be nil an endless congestion find a consequent shortage in fit steel were it neveR necessary sary to stop pach each cur car on a scales and weigh it so a weighing tins been demised which permits the tonnage of cars in motion to be registered A train slows blows down as it approaches and passes over flit lupin platform form nt at the rate of fit from live five to eight on an hour the lie weight ot of ea each ch car automatically recorded as aa it passes 8 1 prom proal proctor tile lie trains run town down to tile the huge huga unloading piers liters at ai duluth these piers are vast platforms out over oer the take lale nearly halt half a mil long arid and wade enough to thile two trucks which are tit it the heig ill 01 0 ft a six l story building above tile the anter tile frocks Is it series ot of pockets heets Hk ets holding powe two or air three hundred undred ti toris tona of if ore fire each the ore fire 6 automatically dumped damped into those pockets and the lite ruin iraln starts bink to kven while tile lie trains anre dumping theft burden ships lire fire alongside willi huge in every eiery hatch auml a elpi T 12 feet orp ore flown down nt ill t the file like anter pat out ul tit a fundel at the rille rate fit 0 some 81 faille it 11 as a u rule und as auf mii 11 II is ia am iams isms jiin sit BP flit hp tise elWon amp of them art arf nire inure alain feet only of 01 reel feet beam with willi oni crr rs stift bridge in ili the life how unit and crews mid and en krine afine in ili ide file stern will nil fill ot fit flit real mf ff ili till h sitf of nf abia ani klail and n bial flerl bpck willa ST ax alx lx reet altara ni trl it silt aill water sailor might well regard them a as a uncanny apparitions of the unsalted sene seas tho the william 11 snyder J jr feet long and 04 feet beam drawing about 20 feet cinches G inches of water inter W when han loaded to capacity broke the worlds bulk freighter record carrying tons of ore oie on one trip modern ore carriers chesk ships in spite of the fact that they are uhle to wort ork only months oil and notwithstanding the won der fully low lov ton mil mlle e freight rat rate ethey they offer are ra verl bible gold mines with the alie progress in tile art of hulk freight er construction construct lon that if quarter of 4 century has brought brou glit forth miracles of have been wrought vessels of the lie st type are operated today willi engines of the same pattern and power us were fitted into ships of one till third rd their tonnage two decades ago indeed eo afi economical lo ID operation lire are ill alif big ore ire carriers of today that they use 90 only aly n shade more than half an of coal in carrying a ton jon of 0 freight a mlle mile a statement so ro re mot one could not believe it ept except ice upon the authority of R D williams editor of the anrine review another authority puts tile the cost coat of operating eu euh euch h a still at between and of a day I 1 kven ot al the latter figure egure and ten days to tile lie trip with alth cargo only one way file rosl cost of nf a trip to the owners 1 ig 19 9 only 0 philp will IP lie file receipts may renell at but even of nt ti if dallar a toll Illo irp it ii miles fillies in ve sl 04 is a only mily one tie sixth as filfli por nil mile ile us niang ving it ou tin 1 r lily u nv cAt till the linvel i I 1 if 1 i WIN ri 1 t clecia hinl hind A Vilim tl emil icil erle till anil iain clr alwy alif v lin i ii up till t rat the lip ore ire ever oil afia im and fenily bior arr flie bilay it mills i ism inn it tn ims biever yet el nili ui bonded one imil sit ii mm dees allies the work ln lead of tile the old way mir of holst fly aimse aimse pow e fr r wid mid dumping 1111 into tile hie wheelbarrows tit if picturesque fell a method tv by which it cost do cents it ton to set get the lie ore froin holo bold to cur or vile pile today gi gigantic gantle un londers hinders file ellroot ill dinst st nio modern air if them grubbing up 17 tons tit at a mouthful nine save ao soi nuch labor it costs in ili some rome cases titan five cents cent to iche tali e a ton on ofhie of ore out of tile the hold anti and put pul it tin on lije lie small mountain tile ore folk call the stock pile or in empty railroad ears cars waiting on the track hard by unloading the vessel the reminds one ot nt if glorified glor Hied walking henin beam ot oi the side wheel variety vur luty with one of tile legs left ot 4 instead of the other leg connecting with will a crank shaft it has a s wonderful set of claws tit nt the lower end wid above them nil an ankle of startling angilly these grout great claws open and shut hy by electricity will mill they talk anke up tip IT 17 tons with ns much ease as you might elope cloe your hand ou oil an tipple apple the operator Is stationed in tlde the leg just above tile HIP flaws claws and gets oil the of riding it ns as he jumps lit in und and out of f the lie still slimp hour after it hour our when the claws are full tile the operator turns n lever the walking beam buck back to tile the opposite po position sIllon the tha load comes out of the hold and Is dumped into if bin kroin from this flits bin bill it lows flows ty hy gravity into big coal and ore cars to he bottled to lu the furnaces furnn furn fes acts or else Is delivered to the buckets of ilia lie great cantilever arll bridge I 1 which carry if ie acroca it to the big stock mock title pile once it took a week with a of f men to unload a small ship shereaf uhe reaf now half a liy L iy ond and ac a guard con can fam the ore carrier alloian on its wily several other types type ot of unloaders baime of thern having liue huga beams reaching till over the hat elies 4 of 11 the e ship 06 anti for fair tile lie big but keta that run out to in thee tte iid on oil carriages anil and thru then drop down mi alit a cable into the hold for a of ore whoever tins ban wic wicked bed it u furmer store tiny hay ably in ilia bla harn avith a modern tiny folk will understand tile the roles rola the beam unit and isie ilia cattle play piny tle abe arid navigation season neing only eight loii tile the still fiust bring in tire ore I 1 to keep the ruri furnaces laces running during the flit forill four months month and su so the red tire ore title pile to IB seen everywhere tit nt inke ports anil and fura curative tive plants many air f tie the fur tince o plants tire right alongside the file ing docks and nil saive the cost of rail road but there ure are mill nilsson millions of air tons ona of ore fire that must take lake 11 ind title ly itly roll rail beford it nin anin rench the lie hour of at 1 la trims f antt k luio illa iron 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