Show i War War Making Making Powers Issue Y YIn In Peace Organization g Big Question Is Whether C Congress Can Dele Dele- Delegate Delegate Delegate Dele Dele- gate Function to U. U S S. S R Representative pres On World Council w t By BAUKHAGE GE Newt News and Commentator Service Union Trust Building Washington D D. D C C. C When the last election bet Is collected collected col col- i when the echoes of the windiest windi windi- est argument have died on the November November November No No- vember breeze a lot of people will believe that when they cast their ballots on November 7 they were deciding the question of whether America was to join an effective world organization to preserve peace Not at all It was plain long before the election that the question of whether er the United States was willing to join oin an international organization with teeth In it did not depend on the candidate selected The day In October that Senator Ball Republican of Minnesota announced an an- pounced that he would vote for Franklin Roosevelt and not f for r D Dewey Dew Dew- wey w- w ey ey for President we had a press and radio corn conference rence in his office inthe in inthe inthe the Senate Office building As we crowded five deep around Balls Ball's desk somebody remarked remark d He ought to have used the caucus room room Except that Ball is inclined to keep his head down like a bull Instead of his chin out like a bulldog bulldog bulldog bull bull- dog the young former newspaper 5 sty t ft S L tf w k i P j t 1 amp w wS w'S S SP S 'S P Sen Joseph Ball Ballman Ballman Ballman man who has served four years in inthe inthe inthe the senate two years by appointment appoint appoint- appointment ment reminds me a a little of Wendell Wendell Wendell Wen Wen- dell Willkie There were a number of hard- hard boiled internationalists anti a among the reporters in the room and some were a little cynical in their atti atti- tude But they agreed tha that Ball was sincere that he was taking the step he took not because of but in spite of politics Of co course he comes from a state where they arent aren't quite so ad adamant mant about party lines and he wont won't be up for election himself for four years anyway When h he was asked if ii he hoped to run again on the Republican ticket he said he e edid did but that depended on what attitude atti tude tude- the party in 10 Min Minnesota sota took All during during- that conference there wasn't a word asked about the issue behind the Issue the issue the step which this country has to take the decision It U has to make regarding our own policy policy policy pol pol- icy toward extending the powers over the use of our oui our armed forces to another organ beside congress And AndI I think it might be well to take up Point by point the Roosevelt Ball Dewey controversy and see just Jast what issues are involved Says Say Met Issues Squarely In the first fast place it will be be recalled recalled recalled re re- re- re called that Ball was one of the combination which carried on the bipartisan drive to force the senate foreign relations committee to act on a resolution favoring the creation of an international organization organization to preserve the peace rI if M you have forgotten stood f for r Senators Burton Republican Republic n Ohio Ball all Republican Minnesota patch Match Hatch Democrat Democrat New Mexico and Hill Democrat of Alabama Then the BH quartet again genously gen gen- assisted set forth to keep the we e foreign relations issue out of the campaign This was done with a fair ith degree of success but not entirely entirely en- en rely to suit Senator Ball He ar arose arise se and declared that he wouldn't deIr de de- I Ir tide cide whether he would support Dewey Dewey Dew Dew- ey until he had heard both presidential candidates speak on the subject He listened to two one hour speeches by Dewey and then after the he one by Roosevelt before the Foreign Foreign Foreign For For- eign Policy association said he would support Roosevelt because R Roosevelt met squarely and unequivocally unequivocally unequivocally un un- un- un equivocally the two vital and controversial conI con- con I issues on which the isolationists isolationists isola- isola kept us out of the League of Nations and will fight our entry into nto the United Nations security or or- He insisted that the United Nations organization be formed without delay before hostilities hostilities hostilities ties cease and that it t be granted power to use military force against future aggressors without requiring Individual approval of each member member member mem mem- ber nation Senator Ball went on to say that Governor Dewey has opposed delay delay de do lay but ut has not met squarely the second vital issue He has spoken for a strong international security organization n but in each speech has hasso so worded his commitment t that both Internationalists and isolationists isolation isolation- could find co comfort and support In what he said I quote that paragraph at length since it is quite possible that you have not seen it in print print print-I I copied it from Balls Ball's own statement statement and and because I think a great many people people people peo peo- some of whom supported Mr Roosevelt forgot that he was for forgoing forgoing forgoing going the whole hog and that whole hog in Mr Balls Ball's language and anil the language of those who ar are going to fight for this organization tion in inthe inthe th the c congress may mean more than some some people realize It shouldn't to anyone anyone anyone- who heard or read Mr Roosevelt's speech and took it seriously seri seri- but we dont don't always y take political political po po- political speeches seriously The President President President Pres Pres- ident said the American member of the Security Council of the United United United Unit Unit- ed Nations which would be lie made up of eleven member nations should be empowered in advance by the people themselves by constitutional means through their representatives in in c congress with a authority to act Con Constitutional Procedure Involved This is generally interpreted as meaning P 1 Congress would pass a law stating that if the American representative representative on the Security Council felt that American military forces with those of other members of the organization or or- should be used against gaiI st stan an aggressor he had the power t to commit this government to order such support In other words to enter enter enter en en- ter Into what might amount to war later on 2 Congress would likewise pass passa a law permitting the majority vote of the Security Co Council to supersede the vote of the Ar American representative represent to use American and other military forces against an sor As to point two If the Russians had their choice as expressed ip In the conferences at Dumbarton Oaks this clause would not be effective they effeCtive they argue that no step should be taken by the council without the Unanimous Unanimous' unanimous unanimous' mows agreement of the great pow pow- ers ers ens In other words the single vote of the representative of Britain Russia China and the United States at t least could veto any step pro pro- posed But the representatives of Great Grea Britain and nd the United States at Dumbarton Oaks said that they were both willing to make majority rule the basis of action It is conceivable conceivable con con- that If Russia were convinced convinced con con- vinced that the United States was wholeheartedly in the organization she would come around to that view So far the question of the constitutionality constitutionality of a law which would arm the Ameri American an delegate to the Security Security Security Se Se- Council with the necessary powers has not been debated The New York Times points out that the Constitution designates to congress th the unique power to declare war except when American territory is invaded but does not state that the use use of force cannot be bf delegated In any case the chief question is whether the people will have the courage to venture into this new realm wherein the United States government would accept the maJority maJority majority ma ma- wishes of a group of world states Just as we accept the wishes of the majority of congress I |