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Show ...... '"'',"'.......' ' (j , ( t By ELMO SCOTT WATSON ill WlY, " ?V,j, i fi RrTTloU nm, be one of those 'MwMfe h ifA . 3& J Americans so d I I t'o the hlstor, of your WMt$$$l ' W ijLJjmyi cnouruanetryall otfhatht e Pyroeusidecnatsn Cl?TiTA5lVWL t - itt- ' SI'M feTXri'J gglof the United States In JSrsglfP2 ' 0VPlW"4Wl the: order of their admin-istrations ; Vfl and can tell Bo,nhlnB A JMdtr- - 'VlfeW about each one of them. But If some iV"fp f J one said to you, "Whut do you know vT 3 ' S about the following Presidents of the United States: John Hanson, Klias Boudinot, John Hancock, Nathaniel Gorhnm and David B. Atchison?" you'd prohably exclaim, "Why, they never were Presidents of the United States!" And therein yon might be wrong, for there are those who say that those five men should he Included in the list of our Presidents, even though such n statement would have to be made with certain qualifica-tions. In the case of the first four, their right to be known ns President Is based upon the following facts which have to do with the evolution of the office of President of the United States: The First Continental congress met In Philadelphia September B, 1774, ton, wus the first President of the United States. In proof of his assertion, Mr. Smith offers the following facts: On November 21, y81, the eonures- - lonal committee on "Arrangement of the President's House," conlBtlng of Joseph Montgomery, Samuel Osgood and Kdmund Randolph, Introduced the following resolution In congress: 'Kesolved, That the attendants of the President's house consist of one steward and such others as may be found necessary, not exceeding eight." A residence had been leased a few days previously as President Hanson's home. The steward was required to deliver an accounting of expenses to the Presi-dent's secretary each month and the President was authorized by a. resolu-tion to draw on the public treasury for the proper amount. On November 28, 1781, Gen. George WaRhlnirton was Hllmmnned h.fnn after he was referred to as the "Pres-ident of the United States." In view of these facts It seems that John Hanson, Elias Boudinot, John Hancock, and Nathaniel Gorharn are as much entitled to being called "Pres-ident of the United States" us are any of the men from George Washington to Herbert Hoover who have borne that title, and that In listing our Pres-idents, we should divide them Into two classes, those who held office under the Articles of Confederation and those who have held office under the Constitution. The right of David B. Atchison of Missouri to be Included In our list of Presidents Is a fertile subject for dis-pute. He la called "President for a Day." and the wliole question of whether or not he actually was Prea-- eiiu me uro Kmcs lit tI eicctou reyton Randolph of Virginia, president. But he was only president of the congress, not President of the United States, for there was then no United States. The Second Continental congress met In Philadelphia May 10, 1775, and John Hancock of Massachusetts was elected president. But he, too. was president only of the congress. Then on August 2, 1770, the delegates to this congress signed the Declaration of Independence which brought Into being the United States of America. But they were United States more In nanm than In actual fact of a strong, government. In 1777 a plan for the union of the states was proposed and within 15 months, twelve of the states had agreed to form the new nation In accordance with a proposed plan, drawn up under the name of the Articles of Confederation. The only stat, which opposed It at that time was Maryland. Under the original Articles of Con-federation each of the states made claims to extensive western lands. John Hanson and Daniel Carroll, of the Maryland delegation, refused to enter the new country under the nhove existing conditions arid Hanson sug-gested the alternate plan. Maryland offered to give up forever Its claim to western hinds and to sign over Its ter-ritories to the federal government If the other stales would follow suit. One by one they fell into line and finally, on March 1, 1781. there was udopted a constitution called the "Articles of Confederation and Per-petual Union Between the States." However, the confederation thu3 formed had no executive officer, no Judiciary and the sole governmental body was a single house of congress, made up of delegates elected by tiie legislatuiet of the states. On November 5, 1781 John Hanson wns elected president of the congress, his formal title being "President of the United States In Congress Assent- - congress and officially thanked by President Hanson for bis victory at Ycrktown. "Mr. President," Washington replied to president Hanson, "1 feel very sensi-bly the favorable declaration of con-gress expressed by your excellency. This fresh proof of their approbation cannot fall of making a deep Impres-sion upon me, and my study shall be to deserve a "ontlnuance of It." In the meantime, before Washing-ton became the "first President under the Constitution," the United States had three other "Presidents" under the Articles of Confederation. In No-vember, 1782, Hanson retired from the Presidency and died the following year. On Novemher 4. 1782 Ellas Bou-dinot of New Jersey, who had served as a delegate to congress from 1778 to 1770 and bad again been chosen In 17S1, was chosen "President of the United States In Congress Assembled'' and became the Chief Kxecutlve of the nation. As such he Issued th proclamation announcing the end of the Revolution on April 19, 17S", and another announcing the signing of the treaty of peace on September 3. Klias Boudinot has nlso been called the "first President of the United States," his right te that title being based upo i the fact that It was not until England had signed the treaty of peace und thus acknowledged the Independence of her former colonies that the free and Independent United States of American actually existed. In 17S5 the seat of government was changed to New York city and John Hancock of Massachusetts was elect-ed "President." Owing to 111 health, however, he did not actively serve in that position und on May 29, 1780, he resigned. So another "President" was chosen Nathaniel Gorharn of Massa-chusetts. On May 14, 1787, a convention of delegates from all states except Rhode Island met In Philadelphia "to form a more perfect union" and after a stormy session of four months adopted ident depends upon whether or not a man can be President without taking the oath of office or actively admin-istering the affairs of the nation. Atchison's "Presidency" came about In this way: March 4, 1849, come ou Sunday. Technically, President James K. Polk's term of office expired March 3, 1849, and his successor, Zachnry Taylor, should have been Inaugurated on March 4. But March 4, 1S49, came on Sunday and Taylor did not take the oath of office until Monday, March 5, 1849. On March 3, George M. Dallas, vice president under Tolk, an-nounced In the senate, over which he was presiding, "The close of my off-icial term being near at hand, I con-form to tin established and convenient practice by withdrawing from the de-liberations of this body." On the mo-lio- n of Senator Benton of Missouri, his colleague. Senator David B. Atchi-son, was appointed president of the senate pro tern. Since the terms of President Polk nnd Vice President Dallas expired on March 3 and the term of President-Elec- t Taylor did not begin until March 5, when he was Inaugurated, It is contended thut David B. Atchison was President of the United States for one day, Sunday, March 4, IS 19, even though he never took the oath of office. The biographical congres-sional directory, 1774-191- nn official, senate document, backs up that claim, although some historians contend that Taylor was Presidenl de facto on Sunday, even though be was not sworn l:i, and that Atchison was not sworn In as President and never pre-tended to exerclKe any duty or pre-rogative of the office. But the state of Missouri honors him as the only Missourian who has so far served as President of the United States and on October 27 of last year It paid tribute to Its "President for u Day" when u $15,000 memorial statue of Atchison was dedicated at Platts-burg- , Mo., with Impressive ceremonies at which tiie governor of Missouri was ioc in uiciimi tijt.'uurr. lie is lul l nor remembered In his home state by a county which Is named for him and Missouri's sister siate, Kansas, has a city which bears his mime, although It Is more famous because It Is the home town of a famous country editor, Ed Howe of tho Atchison Globe,, than It Is because It was named for a "Presi-dent for a Day." bled." Thus the title "President of the United States" catneJnto being and Hanson's richt to be Included, In the list of our Presidents rests upon that fact that he not only presided over congrr s but was In fact as well as in k name tbe country's Chief Executive. It is also' asserted by Hanson pro-ponents, chief of whom is Seymour Wemyss Smith, editor of the Financial Digest of New York city, who has striven for three years to win national recognition for Hanson and who is planning to carry his tight to tbe floor of the United States senate, that Hanson, rather than George Washing- - a new Constitution. If provided for a new method, of choosing a President and under Its provisions an election was held In which George Washington of Virginia, was unanimously elected President. From contemporary docu-ments, It is evident that the Chief Executive of the nation was referred to then us the "President of the Unit-ed States Under the Now Constitu-tion" whereas before that official had been called tbe. "President of the United States In Congress Assembled." Later that portion of the title. "Under the New Constitution," was omitted as being too cumbersome und there- - Current witX? PROVED IT "I nm expecting no packages due t ti ; i .v " mild the honk store manager. "Tills Is your number," Mid the looking on the box. "Your name's Johnson?" "yes." "Then It's for you." ' "It must be a case of mistaken Identity." "I'm not concerned with whut ll In It, but It'i yours." i , ' ' v " - K- - - K$ . - ' : I 1 - v , TF you ever have rheumatism, Ns Jai A lumbago or other pains that penetrate to the very bones and $ TT; V joints, Bayer. Aspirin offers v v v quick relief, and such complete v ; comfort that it's folly to suffer. ji - 7 - 1 KeeP these tablets handy in ; ' - . j J , the house; and carry them in 4 s iS ! V your pocket. Then you need . "T jX never suffer long from any l 1: attack of neuralgia, neuritis, ' ji.V 5"" x rheumatism, or even from' a T? ')a( neaacne' Bayer Aspirin 6 is a marvelous antidote for all t V 1j'TV "J pain and has no effect on the jSJu' heart. Proven directions for 'yr5, , 'jf f many valuable uses in every , ' box of genuine Bayer Aspirin. QFtL 1 All druggists. , ' Asolrln ! Uia tnilt mart of Bwr Mamifctni ot MonwciUoclitottwr of illojilcl4 r 's--v ' ..' ' ' ' ru can get resu'ts icr fashion with any old dye; - Vt,-- but to do work you are proud of takes real anilines. That's v ',rj t why we put them in Diamond Dyes. They contain from jbftd Tl tnrce ve l'mes more 0,ner ycs on nlarke,l aC'' Cost more to make? Surely. But you get them for the ; l2 iLr" same price as other dyes. ' ' N'cxt time you want to dye, try them. See how easy it is rl jJ te use them Then tomfare the results. Note the absence v tnat look; of streaking or spotting. See that i ' tney takc none f tne We out f we doth. Observe how J -- iHi ne colors keep their brilliance through wear and washing. . Jj mi Your dealer will refund your money if you don't agree 1 11 Diamond Dyes are better dyes. , If The white package of Diamond Dyes is the original "all- - loS; yy 'y Purpose" dye for any and every kind of material. It wilt f ,' y I) I k or '" woo' cotton, hnen, rayon or any mixture jaflfe. ' materialJ. The blue package is a special dye, for silk ; ' or wool only. With it you can dye yojr valuable articles I of silk or wool with results equal to the finest professional .' , I work. When .you buy remember this. The blue pack' t rVi age dyes silk or v-- o only. The white package will dye 8 1 , s aTH i every kind of goo , including silk and wool. Your dealer Kf.L'U,. .''''' bas both packages. .H , Easy to use Perfect results 1t AT AXL DRUG STORES Ss - UTAH LEGISLATURE The dully seswlous of the ftah legls. lature are UroinliiR Iodrit and more intense as the time of the meet-ing draws to the icnlth. Last week was the last rcirulnr per-iod for the Introduction of bills in tho house and many measures were brought forward. A recommendation from four of the six representatives of the Utah legislature who attended the e Boulder dam conference at Santa F was that no immediate action be taken. Kegulnting the sales of burial cer-tificates and service certificates by mortuary companies, funeral direct-ors, embalmers or others is the object of a senate bill introduced with the thouKlit of proteettiiR tho public lu buying eontracts of this nature. A measure of considerable Interest wus one Introduced by Hep. Burton, asklut the government to eliminate all tax exempt securities. One measure sought to create a state board of Institutions for the su-pervision of pennl and correctional mcmoralixlng congress to eliminate Institutions, provided for the regular payment of wages to employees In all lines of Industry and reipiires the reg-ulation and licensing of salesmen to patrent fraud. This law would hamp-er the house to house canvasser who sometimes falls to remember to ship an order after collecting for the incr- - cbnndise at the tfme of sale. The battle on newspapers print-ing of various public records, mani-fested in a number of measures In-troduced in this session made a d with the of a bill by Itep. A. P. Miller of Stilt Lake pro-vidi-for reiwal of tho statute re-quiring the publication of a delinq-uent tax list. The present law re-quires that county commissioners pre-pare a list of all property on which taxes are delinquent and caase the list to be published in a newspaper of general circulation. BILLS INTRODITED THE SKNATG Jlolliiigswortb Providing that a per Ron serving time In the Utah state prison may not be paroled until he has served the minimum sentence pro-vided by law. Ilollingsviorth Authorizing the su-preme court to make rules relating to pleadings, procedure and practice In the courts of Utah. Welling Relating to the propaga-tion of fur bearing animals. Amending the existing law relating to seining of fish. HolHngsworth Requiring all those in charge of locomotives to ring a bell and sound a whistle upon apporachlng a crossing. . Parratt Amending the law relating to county libraries. Maw Giving county commissioners jurisdiction over grave yurds, ceme-teries and all resting places of the dead, crematories, etc. Dillmnn Relating to governing tbe place of residence for the purpose of registration. Hollingsworth Requiring records a common carrier shall keep of tlckeia, pasess and mileage books. Hollingsworth Amending law re-- lating to loan, trust and guaranty as-sociations. Hollingsworth Requiring tho sec-retary of state to givo a surety bond as the collector of fees for registra-tion of automobiles. Maw Repealing the law providing for collection of personal property taxes by county assessors. Patterson Relating to amending a law relating to property exempt from execution. Welling To allow tbe Agricultur-al college to establish a laboratory for the study and diagnosis of ani-mals and their diseases. Fowles Repealing law relating to placing freight cars In the rear of trains. . Smith Makiug all railroad com-panies liable for killing livestock, Cnndland Increasing the borrowing power of tbo state armory board. Maw Regulating tbe pastcuriza- - tlon, testing and sale of milk, provid-ing for the enforcement nnd fixing of penalties in cities of first and second class. j Evans A measure to regulate tha trespassing of hunters upon inclose l lands and providing that where the owner or tenant resides upon Inclose 1 cult h it ted lands warning signs necl I not be posted. Ilticking Increasing pay of grnr4 and trial jurors in db trlet courts. Irvine Empowering couuty corv mls: io:ier to appoint u coroner. BILLS INTRODUCED THE HOUSE Oveiinni Appropriating a sum of money for the Indian War veterans, riercy Creating a Utah minimum wage coinmiuKli.it to Investigate and regulate vvuges paid to females and minors. Cooper Regulating cosmcstlclans, a registration system for the uiemJicrs of so called beauty work, Hansen Providing that nn employ-er be required to bring his spotter or detective forward if he has caused a discharge ot tin employee and such Is requested. , ....... Jefferson Providing that property owners, cities,-- towns, boards of edu-cation or municipal corporations, if dissatisfied with assessments in the review by tbe state equalization board may have a review of such assess-ments lu the district court. McFurlund Relating to change of venue. - MeFaiiane Relating to battery oi assault cases in Justice courts. Successful Party Negro Yurd Mnn Yas'm, we had a inm" time at de puhty. Dey was so many folks dut we couldn't hardly move around. And noise I Folks couldn't hardly hear themselves think." ' Mistress Sounds rather tumultn ous. Man Oh, no, ma'am not to 'multiioim. es 'multuous enough." AWFULLY MANNISH "Mary uwlully mannish." "Yes, and nnitiless In consequence.' Paper Money Wears Out in Short Time The life of a dollar bill Is mucn shorter than It was a few years ago, and the difference Is said to be due to Its frequent passage through the hands of the Individuals at the roadside tilling station. This wus dctermhie by government officials, by circulating 50 $1 bills, with a request attached that each spender Indorse on the slip what he spent It for, and that the person holding the bill nfter the tenth ladorsement tliould return It to the American Motorists' association head- - quarters at Washington. The 50 billa were circulated In 10 cities with the result that out of 80 bills returned contulnlng 371 Indorsements, 53 of the Indorsements Indiculed that the bill had been spent by a motorist for gas or oil. The size of the new bills about to he Issued will tend to lengthen their life and also the fact that the paper used will be oil proof to a certain extent. Electric Cable Will Guide Ship in Fog "A device that would enable a blind-folded helmsman to nteer a ship safely Into harbor was described at the an ! mini meeting of the American Instl- - tute of Eleetrlcul F.nglneers by Robert II. Marriott, consulting engineer of the federal radio commission. An electric cnble lying on the sea bottom Is the guide. Two colls of wire are hung over each side of the vessel. They pick up electric Im-pulses In the cable by Induction and transmit them aa sounds through bead phones worn by the helmsman. When the keel Is over the cable, ' the intensity of sound Is equal In each ear. But when the sound volume be-gins to diminish In one ear It Is an In-dication that the ship Is slipping off Its course In the direction of the faint, sound side. Fog does not affect the , operation of the cable. , Metamorphosis Marriage oft brings about ' A change Immense; A little dear turns out A big expense. It's All Wrong Asylum doctor about to make his morulng round looks at tower clock and discovers he Is lute; meeting an uttendnnt, he asks: "George, la that clock right?" George No; If It was It wouldn't be here. Became Undesirable Ritb "Ileur about Juikson?" "No. what about him?" i "He wus married last week, and the life insurance agent attended the wed ding, and when he' lumped the bride, canceled the $3.000 policy Jackson had on his life." Actors Resent Caricature French actors who take themselves too seriously are aroused over their caricatures being given by Rap. a Purlslan revue artist, who Is creating quite a furor by his mimicry of the ; personalities of the hour In Purls.-Mlstlngu- e, the Idol of the dancing world, had a bad time of It when she recently visited the theater to see a cartoon of herself on the stage. When she was leaving the box office, It Is said, the manager asked her if she would like to meet Rap, and she ex- - claimed, "Oh. No I No I" and hurried . from the theater, WHAT SHE WOULD DO if j Bashful Youth If you were In my place what would you do? Modern Maid Hire nn chap with good arms to cull on the girls for me. I Need for New Calendar "The year has 305 days. If yon sleep eight hours a day, you Bleep 122 days. That leaves you 243 days. "If you rest eight hours a day, that equals another 122 days, and leaves you out of your yeur 121 days. "If you deduct 52 Sundays you have 09 days left "Then come 52 Saturday half holi-days, equaling 20 days, leaving only 43 days. An hour and a hnlf for lunch every day totals 23 days, leav-ing you will) 20 days. "Two weeks of vacation will leave vou six days. You will need these for New Year's day. Decoration day, Fourth of July. Labor day. Thanks-giving and Christmas." The Laugh Book. A Distinct Change ' Husband (going over arrangements ' for a late vacation) The Joneses are going to mind the cat, aren't they, dear? ' Wife Yes. . Husband-A- nd the Browns are tak-ing care of f'Ido and the parrot? Wife Yes, that's the arrangement. Husband And baby is going to your mother's so what about a nice quiet rest at home? Passing Show. Roman Dikes The dikes which protect the Nether-lands from the North sea In muny cases go hack to Roman times. Many are raised us much ns 40 feet above high-wate- r mark and are wide enough at the top for a general roadway or cnnol. They are made of earth pro-tected by stone slopes and by plies and nt the more dangerous points by artificial structures of brushwood, laden with stones. The West Kapelle dike Is 12.408 feel long und has a sea-ward slope of .'!K) feet. On a ridge 39 feet wide are a roadway and a rail-way. Oversupply "1 hear you advertised for a wife. Any replies?" "Yes. Hundreds.' "Good! What did they say?" ' "Oh, they all said: 'You can have mine."' " - Two In One We had a fine canary; We also own a rat; We have no more canary, But nuns Is now quite fat Think of the Finish Professor 1 don't think my lecture lust night was much of a success. WifeRut think of the splendid audience you began with. Science might rest no a bit as to the origin of man and determine what ' his Bnlsh Is to he. ,. Rotlmon Crusoe Et Al At a recent showing of "Robls Hood'' at an East side moving ctture show, a boy Vho wns un-able to read, ke?t asking questions of his older brother. He evidently could not follow the theme of tbe story or t lie activities of the various charac-ters. At a tense moment the little fel-low was heard tj exclaim, "Oh, look t There's Robinson Crusoe with a goof-e- r feather In bis bat." Yon learn as much when yon make a mistake as you learn when you ' make a success. a TrouLIeiome Wads Junior Pnrtn-- r It's no use talking to the stenographer she sticks to her gum. Senior Partner Her sticking to her ' gum doesn't bother so much; it's the things she sticks her gmn to. A boy Judges his mother's greatness by her ability to make pies, 4 t , Early bird gets the worm and tbe early cat gets the bird. k ; ' The man who Is aware of bis tmper-- . fections Is almost perfect, Mending watches nnd clocks Is one I way to Improve time. Nobody Home Ever "Did I understand you to say that Dulibl;igh was absent-minde- V" "Yes, but not In the way that It af-fects some very learned professors. In Dnbblelgh's case It Is continuous." -- Smith's Weekly. , Timid Chap She If you really loved nte all the time, why didn't you let me know? He I couldn't find a postcard with the right words on It. and dog races, deducting his Invest ment If the animals won. The Judge told Dolly to keep the gifts and forget about the money. Girl Keeps Lover's Gifts When a mnn and a maid fall out tbe maid may keep her lover's gifts, according to a decree of Judge Cohen of the District court at Sydney, Aus-tralia. After the tilt Henry Morris sued Dolly Reynolds for tbe return of n phonograph, u silk shawl and a steel cultar, together with $100 which he said he loaned Miss Reynolds. Dolly said Morris hud not loaned her money, but had placed bets for her on horsp who had fled to her native village, lie explained that f he took It then nil the men would flee and thus he could secure his wife. He proved as successful In his prophecy as In bis Natives Frightened by Doll quest A letter from Kenya tells of the curious effect of a doll with moving eyes. When It was shown to a native chief be thought It supernatural. On being convinced, nfter some time, that it was mechanics and not magic that moved the eyes, he asked the loan of It to get buck one of his wives 's Hard Life "How's everything with you these days?" asked the old friend. "I'm having as hard a time us a character In a comic strip, with no artist In sight to eventtinlly straight-en things out for oie," sighed the other one. Woman An woman Is one who cares more about what Is served for breakfast than about where breukfast is served. Albany Knickerbocker-Press- . No More Than a Sisterly Act "When you told Jack you'd be a sis-ter to him, what did he say?" "He had the nerve to nsk to borrow my car so that he could take anoth-er girl for a ride." he answered his father's proposition. "No, daddy," he replied finally; "I can't accept your offer. I'm having too much fun at school." Not Worth mile tittle Leslie had returned from school with bis term's report, which bis father studied In silence. "Leslie," he remarked, when he had laid It aside, "you're not doing so badly, but I nm sorry to see your gen-eral behavior is not as good ns it might be. If you can Improve It next term, I'll give you a watch." : The small boy gave the matter a certain amount of consideration before ' Health Hint Proper cooking rei.ders food more digestible, bringing out Its llavor, and deslrojs all germs. The French hav-- , made cooking one ot their arts. F.very housewife would do well to take ber cooking as seriously as that. Would Coma Expensive Hotel Guest Look here, miss, 1 only had a small portion of sole, nnd here I'm charged for the whole fish! ' Waitress Sorry, sir, but It's the custom of the establishment I "Well, then, It's a good thing I didn't order beefsteak." ; Seeking a Kindred Soul But, after all, such a morsel of so-ciety as this will not satisfy n man. But like those women of Malamoeeo and Palestine, who. when their hus-bands are Ashing at sea, repair to the shore and sing their shrill songs at evening, till' they hear the voices of their husbands in reply.. borne to them over the waters, so go we about hide-s'' fitflgrblv. chanting our stanza of the JmZiufy and awaiting the response of a .mired soul out of the distance. ' ' Schoolboy Reasoning From a schoolboy's essay ; "A semi-colon is a period sitting on top of a comma. Some think that the first time a semicolon was used was when some man did not know whether to use a comma or a period, so he used both of them together." Christina Register. Renewing Old Books Rooks hound In calf thut have lost their new. look and become scratched and worn should be polished with some good furniture cream and lastly ruhoed with s leather. They will then appear as good as new. A Faear A woman In Tottenham Police Court My husband butted his face Into mine. Hushund (Indignantly) 1 was only trying to kiss her! |